Publikationer från Sophiahemmets Högskola
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HIV-prevention på Bali: Vårdpersonalens erfarenheter från arbete inom icke-statliga organisationer : En fältstudie
No full textBackground HIV remains a major global public health concern, requiring lifelong treatment and preventive efforts. Although effective treatment and prevention exist, Indonesia is still far behind achieving global HIV targets, with stigma, limited awareness, and unequal access to care continuing to hinder progress. In this context, NGO healthcare workers, especially nurses, often serve as the first point of contact for people at risk of or living with HIV, playing a key role in health promotion, education, and supporting treatment adherence. Aim The aim of this study was to describe non-governmental (NGO) health care workers’ experiences of working with HIV-prevention in Bali, Indonesia. Method This qualitative study, based on semi-structured interviews, was conducted at an NGO in Bali, Indonesia. Six interviews were carried out with healthcare personnel actively working with HIV prevention. Participants were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. The interviews were transcribed, and the data was analysed using inductive content analysis. Results The results were organized into two main categories: Barriers and facilitators to HIV prevention and Supportive strategies used by NGO healthcare workers. Key barriers included limited awareness, fear of disclosure, and cultural or religious obstacles, while facilitators involved improved access to prevention services and increasing societal openness. Supportive strategies centred on trust-building, adherence support, and educational efforts including counselling. Conclusions The study highlights how HIV prevention is shaped by complex cultural, social, and structural factors. Culturally sensitive strategies, such as trust-building, tailored education, and the use of digital platforms, can support engagement and improve outcomes, especially among key populations. These findings may inform nursing interventions in similar contexts where social norms and limited access remain major barriers.Bakgrund HIV är fortsatt ett stort globalt folkhälsoproblem som kräver livslång behandling och förebyggande insatser. Trots att det finns effektiv behandling och prevention ligger Indonesien fortfarande långt efter i att uppnå globala HIV-mål, där stigma, begränsad kunskap och ojämlik tillgång till vård fortsätter att hindra framsteg. I detta sammanhang fungerar vårdpersonal vid icke-statliga organisationer, särskilt sjuksköterskor, ofta som första kontakt för personer som lever med eller riskerar att smittas av HIV. De spelar en viktig roll i hälsofrämjande arbete, undervisning och stöd till behandlingsföljsamhet. Syfte Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva vårdpersonals erfarenheter av att arbeta med HIV-prevention inom en icke-statlig organisation (NGO) i Bali, Indonesien. Metod Denna kvalitativa studie, baserad på sex semi-strukturerade intervjuer, genomfördes vid en NGO på Bali, Indonesien. Sex intervjuer genomfördes med vårdpersonal som aktivt arbetade med HIV-prevention. Deltagarna rekryterades genom ändamålsenligt urval och snöbollsurval. Intervjuerna transkriberades, och det insamlade materialet analyserades med hjälp av induktiv innehållsanalys. Resultat Resultaten organiserades i två huvudkategorier: Hinder och möjliggörare för HIV-prevention samt Stödjande strategier som används av vårdpersonal inom NGO. Hinder var begränsad kunskap, rädsla för att bli avslöjad samt kulturella eller religiösa influenser, medan möjliggörande faktorer innefattade förbättrad tillgång till preventiva insatser och en ökad öppenhet i samhället. De stödjande strategierna fokuserade på att bygga förtroende, främja behandlingsföljsamhet och bedriva utbildningsinsatser, inklusive rådgivning. Slutsats Studien belyser hur HIV-prevention formas av komplexa kulturella, sociala och strukturella faktorer. Kulturellt anpassade strategier, såsom att bygga tillitsfulla relationer, ge individanpassad utbildning och använda digitala plattformar, kan stärka delaktighet och förbättra vårdutfall, särskilt bland nyckelpopulationer. Dessa resultat kan ligga till grund för omvårdnadsåtgärder i liknande sammanhang, där sociala normer och begränsad tillgång till vård utgör stora hinder
eHealth Literacy and its association with demographic factors, disease-specific factors, and well-being among adults with type 1 diabetes : Cross-sectional survey study
No full textBACKGROUND: The use of digital health technology in diabetes self-care is increasing, making eHealth literacy an important factor to consider among people with type 1 diabetes. There are very few studies investigating eHealth literacy among adults with type 1 diabetes, highlighting the need to explore this area further. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore associations between eHealth literacy and demographic factors, disease-specific factors, and well-being among adults with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: The study used data from a larger cross-sectional survey conducted among adults with type 1 diabetes in Sweden (N=301). Participants were recruited using a convenience sampling method primarily through advertisements on social media. Data were collected between September and November 2022 primarily through a web-based survey, although participants could opt to answer a paper-based survey. Screening questions at the beginning of the survey determined eligibility to participate. In this study, eHealth literacy was assessed using the Swedish version of the eHealth Literacy Scale (Sw-eHEALS). The predictor variables, well-being was assessed using the World Health Organization-5 Well-Being Index and psychosocial self-efficacy using the Swedish version of the Diabetes Empowerment Scale. The survey also included research group-developed questions on demographic and disease-specific variables as well as digital health technology use. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression presented as nested models. A sample size of 270 participants was required in order to detect an association between the dependent and predictor variables using a regression model based on an F test. The final sample size included in the nested regression model was 285. RESULTS: The mean Sw-eHEALS score was 33.42 (SD 5.32; range 8-40). The model involving both demographic and disease-specific variables explained 31.5% of the total variation in eHealth literacy and was deemed the best-fitting model. Younger age (P=.01; B=-0.07, SE=0.03;95% CI -0.12 to -0.02), lower self-reported glycated hemoglobin levels (P=.04; B=-0.06, SE=0.03; 95% CI -0.12 to 0.00), and higher psychosocial self-efficacy (P<.001; B=3.72, SE=0.53; 95% CI 2.68-4.75) were found associated with higher Sw-eHEALS scores when adjusted for demographic and disease-specific variables in this model. Well-being was not associated with eHealth literacy in this study. CONCLUSIONS: The demographic and disease-specific factors explained the variation in eHealth literacy in this sample. Further studies in this area using newer eHealth literacy tools are important to validate our findings. The study highlights the importance of development and testing of interventions to improve eHealth literacy in this population for better glucose control. These eHealth literacy interventions should be tailored to meet the needs of people in varying age groups and with differing levels of psychosocial self-efficacy
Functionally oriented music therapy (FMT) in the treatment of long-term musculoskeletal pain : A qualitative observational study
No full textPURPOSE: The aim was to interpret and describe functionally oriented music therapy (FMT) as a method in the treatment of long-term musculoskeletal pain in a region in the middle of Sweden. A first step of a larger project aiming to study the method's effectiveness on participants pain and daily life qualitatively and quantitively. METHODS: The study was a qualitative observational study. Video observations were supplemented with semi-structured interviews with FMT therapists (n = 3) and participants with long-term musculoskeletal pain (n = 19). Collected data was analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Five main themes were identified in connection with the main core theme of "Person centred tailored treatment". The video observations have shown no negative impacts during the sessions. Positive body language was observed (i.e. smiling, laughing) that's in line with curiosity and joyfulness. This was also confirmed in the interviews. CONCLUSIONS: FMT holds promise as a therapeutic treatment for long-term musculoskeletal pain conditions. By utilizing music as a communication method alongside body language, individuals can experience pain relief, emotional regulation, and improved quality of life. Further research and clinical application of FMT can potentially enhance the overall care and well-being of individuals living with long-term musculoskeletal pain
People’s experiences of living with type 2 diabetes : A non-systematic literature review
No full textBakgrund Diabetes typ 2 är en av våra största folksjukdomar och antalet drabbade ökar globalt liksom i Sverige. Sjukdomen innebär betydande krav på individen, då livsstilsförändringar och egenvård utgör en stor del av behandlingen. Syftet är att öka välbefinnandet och förhindra komplikationer. Sjuksköterskan har en central roll i att ge stöd, information och vägledning för att att stärka individens förmåga att hantera sjukdomen. Att belysa personers upplevelser av att leva med diabetes typ 2 är därför centralt för att öka kunskapen och skapa förutsätttningar för ett personcentrerat och stödjande omvårdnadsarbete. Syfte Syftet var att beskriva personers upplevelser av att leva med diabetes typ 2. Metod En icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt användes som studiedesign. Elva kvalitativa artiklar inhämtades efter sökningar i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL. Dessa genomgick en kvalitetsgranskning utifrån Sophiahemmets bedömningsunderlag för vetenskaplig klassificering och kvalitet. Resultatet sammanställdes genom en integrerad analys. Resultat Sammanställningen av resultatet mynnade ut i tre huvudkategorier och två underkategorier. Huvudkategorierna bestod av Känslomässiga upplevelser kopplat till sjukdomen, Upplevelser av stöd och dess betydelse och Upplevelser av utmaningar och möjligheter i egenvården. Resultatet beskriver en rad känslomässiga påfrestningar i att leva med diabetes typ 2 och utmaningar i att genomföra livsstilsförändringar. Många upplevde även bristande information från sjukvården, och betonade vikten av stöd från både sjukvården och närstående. Slutsats Personer med diabetes typ 2 upplever en betydande känslomässig börda och möter utmaningar kopplade till egenvård och livsstilsförändringar. Stöd från hälso- och sjukvården samt närstående är avgörande, och resultaten understryker vikten av personcentrerad vård med individanpassad information för att stärka förmågan att hantera sjukdomen och öka välbefinnandet.Background Type 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent public health diseases, and the number of cases is increasing both globally and in Sweden. The disease places significant demands on the individual, as lifestyle changes and self-care constitute a major part of the treatment. The purpose is to promote well-being and prevent complications. The nurse plays a central role in providing support, information, and guidance to empower the patient to manage the disease. Highlighting individuals experiences of living with type 2 diabetes is therefore essential for increasing knowledge and creating the conditions for person-centered and supportive nursing care. Aim The aim was to describe individuals´ experiences of living with type 2 diabetes. Method A non-systematic literature review was used as the study design. After database searches in PubMed and CINAHL, eleven qualitative articles were retrieved. The articles have undergone a quality review based on Sophiahemmet University assessment basis for scientific classification and quality. The results were compiled through an integrated analysis. Results Three main categories and two subcategories were identified and compiled in the results. The main categories consisted of Emotional experiences related to the disease, Experiences of support and its significance and Experiences of challenges and opportunities in self-care. The results describe different types of emotional stress related to living with type 2 diabetes and the challenges of implementing lifestyle changes. People also experienced a lack of information from healthcare providers and emphasized the importance of support from both healthcare professionals and relatives. Conclusions People with type 2 diabetes experienc a significant emotial burden and need to manage challanges related to self-care and lifestyle changes. Support from health care providers and relatives is crucial, and the results emphasize the importance of person-centered care with individualized information to strengthen the ability to manage the disease and improve well-being
Relatives' experiences of palliative care for individuals with dementia : A non- systematic literature review
No full textBakgrund Demens är en progressiv och obotlig neurodegenerativ sjukdom med globalt ca 55 miljoner drabbade. Sjukdomen medför omfattande vårdbehov för patienten och en ökad belastning på närstående. Palliativ vård syftar till att förbättra livskvalitet genom lindring av fysiska, psykiska, sociala och andliga symtom. Vårdformen tillgodoses patienter som diagnosernas med livshotande sjukdom. Närstående spelar en central roll som stödpersoner, beslutsfattare och informella vårdgivare. Deras erfarenheter påverkas av kulturella, sociala och könsspecifika faktorer. Behovet av stöd och anpassad information till närstående ligger under sjuksköterskors ansvar, men exakt hur närståendes upplever palliativ vård av personer med demenssjukdom är fortfarande relativt outredda. Syfte Syftet med litteraturöversikten var att belysa närståendes upplevelser av palliativ vård för personer med demenssjukdom. Metod Metoden tillämpade en icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt med 11 artiklar inkluderade från databaserna PubMed och CINAHL. Urvalet inkluderade studier om närståendes upplevelser av palliativ vård vid demenssjukdom och exkluderade sekundärstudier, deltagare under 18 år samt artiklar utan etiskt godkännande. Kvalitetsgranskningen gjordes med Sophiahemmets bedömningsunderlag. Artiklar av god kvalitet eller högre inkluderades. En integrerande dataanalys användes i tre steg, genomläsning, kategorisering och sammanställning, med fokus att besvara syftet. Resultat I resultatet framkom tre huvudkategorier som beskriver närståendes upplevelser av palliativ vård. Närståendes ansvar som informella vårdgivare, Informationsflöden och kommunikationsbarriärer och Relationer i förändring. Ett stort ansvar för vård och kommunikation med vårdpersonal var centralt. Brist på information, stöd och kontinuitet i vården försvårade situationen. Sjukdomens påverkan förändrade relationen till personen med demenssjukdom, samtidigt som samarbetet med vårdpersonal och behovet av emotionellt stöd spelade en avgörande roll för upplevelsen. Slutsats Palliativ vård vid demenssjukdom innebär en komplex situation för närstående, där ansvar, kommunikation och relationer spelar en avgörande roll. Många bär ett tungt vårdansvar med negativ påverkan på hälsa och livssituation. Kvinnor framstår som särskilt utsatta. Bristande kommunikation och otydliga roller påverkar både vårdkvalitet och trygghet. En ökad förståelse för närståendes upplevelser kan bidra till bättre stöd och en mer hållbar vårdsituation.Background Dementia is a progressive and incurable neurodegenerative disease affecting approximately 55 million people globally. The disease results in extensive care needs for the patients and increased burden on relatives. Palliative care aims to improve quality of life through the relief of physical, psychological, social and spiritual symptoms. This type of care is provided for patients diagnosed with life-threatening illnesses. Relatives play a central role as support persons, decision-makers, and informal caregivers. Their experiences are influenced by cultural, social, and gender-specific factors. The need for support and tailored information for relatives falls under the responsibility of nurses, but exactly how they experience palliative care in the context of dementia remains relatively unexplored. Aim The aim of the litterature review was to highlight relatives' experiences of palliative care for individuals with dementia. Method The method involved a non-systematic literature review based on11 articles from databases PubMed and CINAHL. The selection included studies on relatives' experiences of palliative care in dementia and excluded secondary studies, participants under the age of 18, as well as articles without ethical approval. The quality review was conducted using Sophiahemmets assessment tool. Articles of high quality or higher were included. An integrative data analysis was conducted in three steps: reading, categorization, and compilation, with the aim of answering the research purpose. Results The results identified three main categories describing relatives' experiences of palliative care. Relatives' responsibility as informal caregivers, Information and communicationbarriers and Relationships in development. A significant responsibility for care and communication with health professionals was central. Lack of information, support and continuity in care complicated the situation. The impact of the disease altered the relationship with the person with dementia, while cooperation with health professionals and the need for emotional support played a crucial role in the overall experience. Conclusions Palliative care in dementia involves a complex situation for relatives, where responsibility, communication, and relationships play a crucial role. Many carry a heavy caregiving burden, negatively affecting their health and life situation. Women appear to be particularly vulnerable. Inadequate communication and unclear roles affect both the quality of care and the sense of security. An increased understanding of relatives' experiences can contribute to improved support and a more sustainable care situation
Effectiveness and theory-based evaluation of a personalised digital intervention (EviBody®) for healthy and sustained lifestyle behaviours and well-being among adults : Study protocol for a real-world quasi-experimental study
No full textBACKGROUND: Digital interventions offering behaviour change support are warranted to prevent and treat non-communicable diseases, and have been evaluated rigorously in controlled settings. Effectivenss, factors influencing the uptake of scaled-up interventions-such as reach, received dose, usability and acceptability- and predictors and mediators of efficiency are rarely explored in research. The study described herein aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a personally tailored digital intervention (the app EviBody®), intended to support healthy and sustained lifestyle behaviours among the adult population, on well-being and behaviour change. Further aims are to explore context and uptake factors, predictors and mediators for behaviour change over 24 months. METHODS: This is a real-world study, employing a quasi-experimental design and a process evaluation. EviBody® will be marketed and managed by its owner. A four-armed design will allow for comparison between three levels of intervention (basic, standard and premium) and a control group. Adults who sign up for the app will be invited to the research study including sharing app data and answering questionnaires at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Study start is Autumn 2025. Controls (n = 200 to evaluate the primary endpoint well-being at 6 months) will be recruited through advertisements on social media and asked to answer the same questionnaires at 0 and 6 months provided by email. For predicting and mediating analyses the intention is to recruit 1500 app users. Well-being (measured with the WHO-5 Well-Being Index), goal achievement, physical activity, eating habits, mental health, mediators (motivation, self-efficacy, and perceived barriers), and demographics will be self-reported. Uptake will be collected using analytics and ratings of usability and acceptability, and described by demographics. Mixed models for repeated measures and structural equation modelling will be employed for data analysis. DISCUSSION: Besides evaluating the effectivenss of a digital intervention, this study also applies a theory-based evaluation to understand which mediators are effective, for whom they are effective, and the specific conditions under which they are most beneficial. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT05973383 on 8 July 2023
Hypertension and alcohol : A cross-sectional study comparing PEth with AUDIT and AUDIT-C in primary care
No full textBACKGROUND: This cross-sectional study aimed to describe proportions of patients with indications of alcohol consumption using phosphatidylethanol (PEth), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and its consumption-focused version (AUDIT-C), in relation to blood pressure (BP) control, overall and by sex. METHODS: A total of 270 hypertensive primary care patients (ICD-10: I10.9) were stratified into BP control groups: controlled (<140/90 mmHg), uncontrolled (≥140/90 mmHg), and apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH; ≥140/90 mmHg with ≥3 antihypertensive drugs). A randomized sample from each stratum was invited, baseline data were collected. Alcohol consumption using predefined categories for PEth and AUDIT, and hazardous use (PEth ≥ 0.122 µmol/L; AUDIT ≥ 8; AUDIT-C ≥ 5 for men, ≥4 for women), were analyzed in relation to BP control groups. RESULTS: Mean age was 67 ± 11 years; 42% were women. PEth indicated high and regular alcohol consumption in 6.4% of controlled, 5.3% of uncontrolled, and 19.2% of aTRH patients (controlled vs. aTRH, P = .027; uncontrolled vs. aTRH, P = .013). AUDIT showed no significant differences in hazardous use between BP groups (P = .865). AUDIT-C identified slightly higher proportions of hazardous use than PEth, across BP groups and sexes. No significant differences were found between BP groups for hazardous use by PEth (P = .339) or AUDIT-C (P = .150). CONCLUSIONS: PEth revealed significantly higher alcohol use in the aTRH group, undetected by AUDIT. AUDIT-C and PEth identified more hazardous use than AUDIT, suggesting their potential to prompt alcohol-related discussions and support evidence-based hypertension care. PEth correlated more strongly with AUDIT-C than with AUDIT. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Retrospectively registered in Clinical Trials, SLSO2022-0143, 2022-12-10
A real-time communication and information system for triage, positioning, and documentation (TriPoD) in mass-casualty incidents : A qualitative observational study
No full textBACKGROUND: In mass-casualty incidents (MCIs), command centers often rely on oral or written reports, leading to communication gaps, misunderstandings, and inadequate logistics of available resources. This study developed a real-time communication and information system for Triage, Position, and Documentation (TriPoD) via action research in collaboration with end-users to ensure high usability. TriPoD integrates commercially available technology, utilizing a digital triage tag with a unique ID that attaches to each individual with an injury. Emergency medical service (EMS) providers scan the electronic triage tag (e-triage tag) via a mobile app, instantly sending data to command centers through a web portal. The developed TriPoD enables seamless sharing of patient information from the MCI scene during transport to and within hospitals. AIM: This study aimed to explore the usability of TriPoD during a simulated MCI with figurants. METHODS: A qualitative observational design was employed, with non-participant observers stationed at the incident site, a regional command center, and a hospital command center. The observers compared TriPoD with standard procedures and management, and collected user perspectives on the system evaluated. A thematic analysis was used to guide the analysis. RESULTS: The results revealed that command centers receive real-time updates on patient count, triage status, and location faster and with more accurate numbers of injuries than traditional methods do. Data transmitted through the web portal was updated each time a new patient was scanned, enabling continuous real-time monitoring and informed decision-making. EMS providers and command center users observed TriPoD usability, with delays when EMS providers did not consistently scan injured individuals. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that seamless information sharing from the scene of an MCI enhances reliable communication and management efforts. Although TriPoD shows strong potential for improving MCI response and management, further development, testing, and collaboration with intended end-users are essential for its continued improvement. The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (No: 2023-04615-01). International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): PRR1- https://doi.org/10.2196/57819 . CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable
Inpatients' experiences of care during the COVID-19 pandemic : A non-systematic literature review
No full textBackground The COVID-19 pandemic was caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It affected individuals and the health care system globally. The disease caused everything from flu-like symptoms to the need for ventilators. Protective measures like basic hygiene procedures, personal protective equipment and isolation of infected patients, were central to limiting the spread. The pandemic shined a light on deficiency in crisismanegment and communication. This paper uses Katie Erikssons nursing theory, the concepts of dignity and suffering are central. Aim The aim was to describe the experiences of hospitalized patients regarding their care during the COVID-19 pandemic, regardless of the reason for seeking care or their medical condition, as well as any challenges faced by the healthcare system. Method The study was conducted through a non-systematic literature review, including 10 scientific articles. Data collection was carried out via searches in the databases PubMed and CINAHL. Selection was based on clear delimitations and inclusion criteria, and the included articles were quality-reviewed according to the modified assessment criteria of Sophiahemmet University. After compiling the results, the articles were analyzed using an integrated analysis supported by Popenoe et al., a guide to data analysis for literature reviews. The data was categorized and applied in the results. Results The results of the literature review are based on 10 scientific articles, and three main categories were identified: Psychological Impact, Experiences of Staff Interactions, and Trust in Care. Additionally, seven subcategories were established. Most participants reported negative experiences such as worry, anxiety, and loneliness due to isolation, positive experiences were also prevalent. Conclusions Hospitalized patients during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced suffering for several reasons. The overall themes in the results describe a negative psychological impact related to worry and anxiety about their future and the patients' own health. Although many understood the healthcare measures and recognized the stress faced by healthcare staff, the negative experiences of patients cannot be minimized. Underlying structural problems in the healthcare system became evident in this work, highlighted by resource shortages and unequal care. These issues had already been problematic before the pandemic, and the deficiencies in healthcare must not be overlooked in preparation for the next pandemic, as they are also important aspects to address arising from the COVID-19 pandemic.Bakgrund COVID-19-pandemin orsakades av SARS-CoV-2-viruset. Pandemin påverkade både individer och vårdsystem globalt. Sjukdomen orsakade allt från milda influensaliknande symtom till behov av respiratorbehandling. Skyddsåtgärder som basala hygienrutiner, personlig skyddsutrustning och isolering av smittade patienter, var centrala för att begränsa smittspridningen. Pandemin belyste en rad brister i vårdens krishantering och kommunikation. Detta arbete använder sig av Katie Erikssons omvårdnadsteori, begreppen värdighet och lidande är centrala. Syfte Syftet var att beskriva inneliggande patienters upplevelser av vården under COVID-19 pandemin oavsett sökorsak eller sjukdomstillstånd. Metod Studien genomfördes genom en icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt. 10 vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades. Datainsamling gjordes via sökningar i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL Urvalet baserades på tydliga avgränsningar samt inklusionkriterier. Inkluderade artiklar kvalitetsgranskades utifrån Sophiahemmet Högskolas modifierade bedömningsunderlag. Efter sammanställning av resultat analyserades artiklarna enligt en integrerad analys med stöd av Popenoe et al., en guide till dataanalyser för litteraturöversikter. Data delades in i kategorier som tillämpades i resultatet. Resultat Resultatet i litteraturöversikten utgår ifrån 10 vetenskapliga artiklar och det identifierades tre huvudkategorier: Psykologisk påverkan, Upplevelser av personalens bemötande och Tilltro till vården. Vidare har sju underkategorier upprättats. Flertalet upplevde negativa upplevelser som; oro, ångest och ensamhet, på grund av isoleringen Även positiva upplevelser framkom. Slutsats Inneliggande patienter under COVID-19 pandemin, upplevde lidande av flera anledningar. Genomgående teman i resultatet beskriver en negativ psykologisk påverkan relaterat till oro och ångest, gällande framtiden och patienternas egen hälsa. Även om många hade förståelse för sjukvårdsåtgärderna och att vårdpersonalen var stressad, går det inte att förminska patienters negativa upplevelser. Underliggande strukturella problem i hälso- och sjukvården blev tydliga i detta arbete. Detta manifesteras i resursbrist och ojämlik vård, något som varit problematiskt redan innan pandemin. Dessa brister i sjukvården får inte glömmas bort inför nästkommande pandemi
Effects of digital lifestyle interventions for patients with ischemic heart disease : A non-systematic literature review
No full textBakgrund Ischemisk hjärtsjukdom är en av de mest förekommande sjukdomarna i världen. Riskfaktorer är bland annat hög ålder, dåliga levnadsvanor, diabetes och obesitas. Sekundär prevention som innefattar hälsosamma levnadsvanor är viktigt för att inte drabbas av en ny ischemisk hjärtsjukdom. Personer med ischemisk hjärtsjukdom har ofta en låg hälsolitteracitet och en låg kunskap om sin egenvård. Sjuksköterskan har ansvaret för omvårdnaden och ska hjälpa patienter med rehabilitering efter en ischemisk hjärtsjukdom och i detta arbete skulle digitala lösningar kunna vara ett verktyg. Digital hälsa är ett nytt segment för att främja hälsa och sammanställning behövs för att se effekterna av de digitala interventionerna hos patienter med ischemisk hjärtsjukdom. Syfte Syftet var att belysa effekter av digitala interventioner som stöd vid förändring av levnadsvanor hos patienter med ischemisk hjärtsjukdom Metod Icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt där tolv vetenskapliga artiklar inkluderades. Artiklarna hämtades ifrån databaserna CINAHL och PubMed. Artiklarna är granskade enligt Sophiahemmet högskolas bedömningsunderlag. Artiklarna analyserades och resultatet sammanställdes enligt integrerad dataanalys Resultat Den integrerade analysen gav en huvudkategori Digitalt omvårdnad för att stödja egenvård och fyra underkategorier Telefonuppföljning, Textmeddelanden, Applikationer och Webbsida. Resultatet visar att effekterna på deltagarnas levnadsvanor förbättrades där den fysiska aktiviteten och kostvanorna var signifikanta. Effekterna på deltagarnas välmående förbättrades och stresshanteringen visade på en signifikant skillnad. Effekterna på deltagarnas kunskap och egenförmåga förbättrades där egenförmåga visade på signifikant skillnad. Slutsats Resultatet tyder på förbättring hos deltagarnas levnadsvanor, välmående, kunskap och egenförmåga. Interventionerna gav signifikanta förbättringar för levnadsvanor, egenförmåga och stresshantering. Det är svårt att avgöra vilken digital lösning som fungerar bäst. Däremot lutar det åt att digitala lösningar kan ha en positiv effekt och genom att utbilda sjuksköterskan att lära sig att bemästra dessa lösningar för att sedan kunna använda dessa som verktyg för att förbättra levnadsvanorna hos personer med ischemisk hjärtsjukdom. Background Ischemic heart disease is one of the most common diseases in the world. Risk factors include old age, poor lifestyle habits, diabetes and obesity. Secondary prevention, which includes healthy lifestyle habits, is an important part of preventing recurrence. People with ischemic heart disease often have low health literacy and low knowledge of their own care. The nurse is responsible for the care and should help patients with rehabilitation after ischemic heart disease and in this work could digital solutions be a tool. Digital health is a new segment for promoting health and a summarization is needed to see the effects of the digital interventions to patients diagnosed with ischemic heart disease. Aim The aim was to highlight the effects of digital interventions as support for changing lifestyle habits in patients with ischemic heart disease. Method This non-systematic literature review includes twelve scientific articles. The articles were collected from the two databases CINAHL and PubMed. All the articles were reviewed according to Sophiahemmet University's assessment criteria. The articles were analyzed and the results compiled according to integrated data analysis Results The integrated analysis resulted in one main category Digital nursing to support self-care and four subcategories’ Telephone follow-up, Text messages, Applications and Websites. The results show that the effects on participants' lifestyle behaviors improved where physical activity and dietary habits were significant. The effects on participants' well-being improved and stress management showed a significant difference. The effects on participants' knowledge and self-efficacy improved where self-efficacy showed a significant difference. Conclusion The results indicate an improvement in the participants' lifestyle habits, well-being, knowledge and self-efficacy. The interventions provided significant improvements in lifestyle habits, self-efficacy and stress management. It is difficult to determine the best digital solution. However, it is likely that digital solutions can have a positive effect in patients with ischemic heart disease by educating the nurse to master thes