Publikationer från Röda Korsets Högskola
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Experiences of physical activity in people with depression
No full textPurpose: To describe people's experience of physical activity in depression. Background: There arecurrently approximately 322 million people living with depression in the world. Physical activity can beused as a nursing measure for this group. People with depression may need more support and followup related to physical activity. Method: A general literature study with a qualitative design wascarried out. Scans of three databases and two secondary searches finally resulted in eleven originalarticles, which were included in this literature study. The data analysis consisted of a content analysis. Results: Three categories; Social interaction, external conditions, as well as thoughts, feelings andinternal conditions can affect the experience of physical activity in depression. Encouraging supportfrom other people and the environment can both motivate and be a barrier to physical activity. Conclusion: The experience of physical activity in depression is individual. Something that gives anincreased motivation to physical activity in one individual, can be seen as a barrier in another. Physicalactivity has been described for people with depression as a way back to life and society. Having aholistic approach to health, in the performance of nursing work, is therefore important for how peoplewith depression will experience physical activity
Belonging to a community of care : Mothers' experiences of online peer support groups for parents having lost a child with congenital heart defects
No full textThe aim was to study mothers' experiences of online peer support groups after the death of a child. Participants (N = 8) were recruited through a newsletter for the Swedish association for families/children with heart defects, and two closed support groups on Facebook (900 and 100 members) and interviewed by telephone. Transcripts were analyzed with qualitative content analysis. The groups were available around the clock, regardless of support need, and mothers joined both to receive and provide support. Participation in online peer support groups may provide a sense of belonging to a caring community and serve as a valuable complement to healthcare
Hur kvinnor som blivit utsatta för våld i nära relation upplever bemötandet i vården : En litteraturöversikt
No full textBakgrund: Att leva utan våld och diskriminering är en grundläggande mänsklig rättighet. Utsatthet för våld i nära relation orsakar negativa hälsokonsekvenser däribland depression, ångest samt en ökad känsla av skam. Kvinnor som varit med om våld i nära relation tenderar att söka vård för kroniska eller akuta skador orsakat av våldet. Det är betydelsefullt att sjuksköterskan är bekväm i den professionella rollen för sjuksköterska-patientrelationen. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur kvinnor som blivit utsatta för våld i nära relation upplever bemötandet i vården. Metod: Den kvalitativa litteraturöversikten genomfördes med originalartiklar, med kvalitativ ansats. Analysförfarandet var en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Studiens analys urskilde två kategorier: 1) Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalens faktorer och egenskaper med underkategorierna: trygghet och tillit; lyssna; attityder samt; icke-påverkbara faktorer. 2) Samtalet och dess innehåll med underkategorierna: stöd och information; att få frågan samt; tid och rum. Slutsats: Mötet med hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal kan inge känsla av tillit och trygghet men även förstärka känslan av skam. Genom att inte skuldbelägga samt avsätta tid till kvinnan minskar känslan av skam. Vidare forskning bör fokusera på hinder för sjuksköterskor i bemötandet med offer för våld i nära relation.Background: Living without violence and discrimination is a fundamental human right. Exposure to intimate partner violence causes negative health consequences including depression, anxiety and an increased sense of shame. Women who have experienced intimate partner violence tend to seek treatment for chronic or acute injuries caused by the violence. It is important that the nurses are competent in their professional role in order to foster the nurse-patient relation. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how women who have been exposed to intimate partner violence experience healthcare encounter. Method: The qualitative literature review was implemented with original articles, with a qualitative approach. The analysis procedure was a qualitative content analysis. Results: The analysis of the study distinguished two categories: 1) The healthcare professional factors and characteristics with the subcategories: safety and trust; listening; attitudes and; non-influencing factors. 2) The conversation and its content with the subcategories: support and information; to receive the question and; time and space. Conclusion: Meeting with healthcare professionals can generate a feeling of trust and safety, however, it can also increase a feeling of shame. When the healthcare professional does not impose guilt upon the woman and provides the time necessary, the feeling of shame is reduced. Further research should focus on the barriers for nurses in dealing with victims of intimate partner violence
Experiences of armed conflicts and forced migration among women from countries in the Middle East, Balkans, and Africa : a systematic review of qualitative studies
No full textBackground: A significant proportion of the global population is displaced, many being women. Qualitative studies can generate in-depth findings that will contribute to an understanding of their experiences, but there is a need for further synthetization efforts. The aim was to provide a comprehensive perspective about adult women's experiences of armed conflicts and forced migration, focusing on women in or from countries in the Middle East, Balkans, or Africa. Methods: Systematic review of English reports presenting empirical qualitative studies published in scientific journals 1980 or later, utilizing searches performed in September 2021 within three databases combined with manual screening. Of the 3 800 records screened in total, 26 were included. Methodological details and quality were appraised using pre-specified extraction and appraisal tools. The findings within the included reports were analyzed with thematic analysis. Results: Most reports utilized interviews, including in total 494 participants, and were appraised as having insignificant methodological limitations. The first theme concerns changed living conditions, involving reduced safety, insufficient access to resources meeting basic needs, forced migration as a last resort, and some positive effects. The second theme concerns the experienced health-related consequences, involving psychological distress, risks during pregnancy and childbirth, exposure to violence and discrimination as a woman, as well as a lack of adequate healthcare services and social support. The third theme concerns the resources and strategies that enhance resilience, involving social support and family life, as well as utilization of internal resources and strategies. Conclusion: When experiencing armed conflicts and forced migration, women face significant challenges related to changed living conditions and are exposed to health-related consequences. Consistently, women are targets of severe structural and personal violence, while lacking access to even the most basic healthcare services. Despite facing considerable hardships, these women display extraordinary resilience and endurance by finding strength through social support and internal resources. Synthesized qualitative research illustrates that women value social support, including peer support, which is a promising intervention that needs to be evaluated in future experimental studies
Mental health in refugee children
No full textAlmost half of the world's forcibly displaced population are children, most commonly originating from Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan. Health disparities are well documented, especially for mental health, but not consistent across groups, time or context. Despite high exposure to trauma and stress, refugee children also show remarkable resilience. An ecological model of refugee health including both risk and resilience factors is therefore recommended. The model also includes the dynamic inter-relationship of past traumatic experiences, ongoing daily stressors and the disruptions of basic systems affecting both the individual and families as a whole, offering a framework to better understand the health disparities and appropriate interventions for refugee children
Kunskap och attityder bland sjuksköterskor gällande vård av personer med HIV/AIDS : En kvantitativ enkätstudie inom primärvård och akutmottagning
No full textBackground: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is still today a serious and incurable disease that requires continuous contact with healthcare and lifelong medication. If HIV is not treated, the disease will lead to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). The biggest cause of stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS is the attitudes of healthcare professionals. More education is needed to improve care for people with HIV/AIDS. Aim: To examine nurses' knowledge and stigma in the treatment of people with an HIV/AIDS diagnosis depending on working years in the profession. Method: A quantitative questionnaire study was conducted at 11 selected health centers, emergency centers and emergency rooms. A total of 218 questionnaires were sent out and 110 of these were answered. The respondents were divided into two groups according to years worked in the profession, 0-10 years and more than 10 years. Result: There was no significant difference among nurses in terms of knowledge and stigmain the treatment of people with HIV/AIDS correlated to years in profession. Conclusion: More education about HIV/AIDS is needed among nurses to reduce stigma and improve care for these people. It also appears that the more knowledge nurses have about the disease, the less fear of caring for people with HIV/AIDS.Bakgrund: Humant immunbristvirus (HIV) är än idag en allvarlig och obotlig sjukdom som kräver kontinuerlig kontakt med sjukvården och livslång medicinering. Om HIV inte behandlas kommer sjukdomen att leda till aquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Den största orsaken till stigmatisering och diskriminering av personer som lever med HIV/AIDS är vårdpersonalens attityder. Mer utbildning krävs för att förbättra vården till personer med HIV/AIDS. Syfte: Att undersöka sjuksköterskors kunskap och stigmatisering i bemötandet vid vård avpersoner med en HIV/AIDS diagnos beroende på arbetande år i yrket. Metod: En kvantitativ enkätstudie utfördes på 11 utvalda vårdcentraler, jourcentraler och akutmottagningar. Totalt skickades 218 enkäter ut och 110 av dessa besvarades. Respondenterna delades in i två grupper efter arbetade år i yrket, 0-10 år och mer än 10 år. Resultat: Det fanns ingen signifikant skillnad hos sjuksköterskor vad gäller kunskap och stigmatisering i bemötandet vid vård av personer med HIV/AIDS baserat på hur många arbetade år i yrket. Konklusion: Mer utbildning om HIV/AIDS behövs hos sjuksköterskor för att minska stigmatisering och för att förbättra vården för dessa personer. Det framkommer också att ju mer kunskap sjuksköterskor har om sjukdomen minskar det även rädslan för att vårda personer med HIV/AIDS
Challenges for patients and nursing staff during the covid-19 pandemic : A litterature review
No full textBackground: The covid-19 pandemic has put great pressure on healthcare globally. Healthcare had to adapt to a new disease and its consequences. Initially the covid-19 pandemic made no difference to somatic care or psychiatric care, which lead to new problems and approaches to psychiatric care. Aim: The aim of the literature study was to investigate challenges for patients and nursing staff in psychiatric care during the covid-19 pandemic. Method: A literature study with qualitative analysis was performed where the scientific articles were collected in the databases, CINAHL, PsycInfo and PubMed. Twenty-two articles were included in the results, the articles were published during the years 2020-2022. Analysis and quality review were based on Polit and Beck’s nine-step model and their battery of questions for quality review of quantitative, qualitative and mixed method articles. Results: Twenty-two articles were analyzed, and two main themes were crystallized. The first main theme was the Pandemic a threat to mental health with the sub-theme increased mental illness during the pandemic and increased vulnerability during the pandemic. The other main theme were a Changed healthcare with the sub-theme patients perspective, the nursing staff’s perspective and the work situation for psychiatric nursing staff during the pandemic. Conclusion: Periodically, patient safety may be threatened for mentally ill patients during times of crisis such as a pandemic. Psychiatric care has managed to adapt during the covid-19 pandemic, primarily through digital care services, but problems remain to be solved. There are differences between the diagnostic groups in how they understand and interpret information about restrictions and attitudes, which places high demands on the personcentered care. Psychiatric nursing staff will quickly be worn-out and feel worse mentally, which the employer must consider by promoting a good work environment and recovery.Bakgrund: Covid-19 pandemin har satt stor press på vården globalt. Hälso- och sjukvården har blivit tvungen att försöka anpassa sig till en ny sjukdom och dess konsekvenser. Syfte: Beskriva utmaningar för patienter och omvårdnadspersonal inom psykiatrin under covid-19 pandemin Metod: En litteraturstudie med kvalitativ analys utfördes där de vetenskapliga artiklarna hämtades i databaserna, CINAHL, PsycInfo och PubMed. Tjugotvå artiklar inkluderades i resultatet, artiklarna publicerades under år 2020–2022. Analys och kvalitetsgranskning utgick ifrån Polit och Becks niostegsmodell samt frågebatteri för kvalitetsgranskning av kvantitativa, kvalitativa artiklar och mixed method artiklar. Resultat: Tjugotvå artiklar analyserades och två huvudteman utkristalliserades. Första huvudtemat var Pandemin ett hot mot psykisk hälsa med undertema ökad psykisk ohälsa under pandemin och ökad utsatthet under pandemin. Andra huvudtemat var en Förändrad vård med underteman patienternas perspektiv, omvårdnadspersonalens perspektiv samt arbetssituationen för psykiatrisk omvårdnadspersonal under pandemin. Slutsats: Periodvis kan patientsäkerheten vara hotad för psykiskt sjuka patienter under tider av kris likt en pandemi. Psykiatrisk vård har behövt anpassa sig under covid-19 pandemin framför allt genom digitala vårdtjänster men problem kvarstår att lösa. Skillnader finns mellan patienter med olika psykiska sjukdomar och diagnosgrupp i hur de förstår och tolkar information om restriktioner och förhållningssätt vilket ställer krav på personcentrerad vård via psykiatrin. Vårdpersonal blir snabbt utarbetad och mår sämre psykiskt vilket arbetsgivaren måste ta hänsyn till genom att främja god arbetsmiljö och återhämtning.
So how are you really feeling? : A review about how masculinity norms affect men’s help seeking when suffering from mental health issues
No full textBackground: Men around the world seek help to a lesser extent than women for mental health problems. Standards have demonstrated themselves negative in how men seek help for their mental problems, as they are usually associated as female problems. Men tend to minimize their mental illnessin fear of becoming stigmatized. The stigma can affect men's social life and aggravate their mental illness. Aim: The aim of the literature study was to describe how masculinity norms affect men’s help seeking when suffering from mental health issues. Method: A qualitative literature review based on 15 qualitative articles analyzed with a thematic analysis. Results: Five themes were identified; Mens obligations, Stigma to seek help for mental illness, Prejudice against mental illness, Lacking knowledge about mental illness, Lacking confidence to the healthcare. Conclusion: Norms affect men’s help seeking for mental health problems from several different angles. They can be enforced by the men themselves or by the community. Through knowledge of which thenorms are and how they are enforced, can they be changed
Parents’ experiences of living with a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus : A qualitative literature review
No full textBackground: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most common autoimmune disease among children and adolescents worldwide. The diagnosis leads to lifestyle change. Parents are mainly responsible for self-care. Nurses can support parents in this life adjustment through patient participation and family-focused nursing. Aim: The aim was to illustrate parents' experience of living with a child diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Method: A literature review based on 13 scientific studies with a qualitative method, analyzed with thematic analysis. Results: 2 themes with 6 sub-themes were identified. 1) Time after diagnosis: Emotions that arise during diagnosisand Lack of support and understanding from others. 2) A new normal: Changes in everyday life, The relationship with their child, Fear of child's health and Letting go of control. Parents experienced difficulty sleeping, worry, anxiety and stress living with children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: Parents initially experienced feelings such as anxiety and worrying. The family's life changes with new routines. The diagnosis affects parents' health and quality of life. Further research on the experience of living with chronically ill children is needed to optimize and improve treatment in health care.Bakgrund: Diabetes mellitus typ 1 är den vanligaste autoimmuna sjukdomen bland barn och ungdomar i världen. Diagnostisering innebär en livsstilsförändring i vardagen. Huvudansvaret för egenvården av sjukdomen ligger hos föräldrarna. Sjuksköterskan kan stötta föräldrarna i livsomställningen genom patientdelaktighet och familjefokuserad omvårdnad. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa föräldrars upplevelse av att leva med barn diagnostiserad med diabetes mellitus typ 1. Metod: Allmän litteraturöversikt baserad på 13 vetenskapliga originalartiklar med kvalitativ ansats som analyserades med tematisk analysmetod. Resultat: Föräldrars upplevelser beskrivs utifrån 2 teman med 6 subteman. 1) Tiden efter diagnosen: Känslor som uppkommer vid diagnostisering och Bristen av stöd och förståelse från andra. 2) Ett nytt normalt: Förändringar i vardagen, Relationen till sitt barn, Rädslan för barnets hälsa och Släppa kontrollen. Föräldrar upplevde varierande grad av sömnsvårigheter och ångest av att leva med barn med diabetes mellitus typ 1. Slutsats: Föräldrar upplevde känslor som ångest, oro och stress inledningsvis, men även livet ut. Familjens livssituation förändras när nya rutiner införs. Diagnosen påverkar föräldrars hälsa samt livskvalitet. Vidare forskning om upplevelsen att leva med kroniskt sjuka barn behövs för att optimera och förbättra bemötandet i hälso- och sjukvården.
Methods and strategies to promote academic literacies in health professions : a scoping review
No full textBACKGROUND: Universities enroll students from diverse backgrounds every year, with 300 million students expected in higher education by 2025. However, with widening participation, increasing numbers of students enrolling in higher health education and future health professions will be underprepared to meet demands of academic literacies, i.e. ability to read, interpret and critically evaluate academic texts and communicating the understanding verbally or in writing. The aim of this scoping review was to describe and explore methods and strategies to promote development of academic literacies. RESULTS: Thirty-one relevant studies were included and analyzed according to scoping review guidelines. The results showed four strategies: (1) integrating learning activities to develop academic literacies in the regular curriculum, (2) changing the course design with new methods for teaching and learning, (3) establish collaborations amongst academics and librarian faculty, and (4) adding courses or foundation year focusing on development of academic literacies. The results are discussed in light of the United Nations Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development, Goal 4, Quality Education, and widening participation. CONCLUSIONS: Aspects of widening participation and inclusion in higher education have been debated, and increasing numbers of students from diverse backgrounds are expected to enter health studies in higher education. We encourage integration of teaching and learning activities targeting parallel learning of course materials and development of academic literacies, beyond study skills. Embracing epistemic complexity and diversity as well as choosing strategic work with academic literacies may provide a starting point toward realizing sustainable development goals and widening participation