Publikationer från Röda Korsets Högskola
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Hospital-Acquired Infections : Nurse's experiences of the preventive work of Hospital-Acquired Infections
No full textBackground: Health-related infections (VRI) have a negative impact on public health and cause suffering for the patient and costs to society. Problematization: VRI is a patient safety problem and risks affecting both patient and nurse. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe nurses' experiences of preventive work against healthcare-associated infections. Method: A literature review based on 11 articles based on a qualitative method was analyzed through thematization. Results: The results showed that the nurses had varied attitudes to hygiene and prevention of infections. Some experienced the need for training to better prevent infections, while others showed different considerations for maintaining hygiene in the workplace, depending on previous experience and the opportunities offered by the nursing environment. The nurses experienced a challenging work environment with a high workload and a lack of work motivation. They wanted their nursing environment to be upgraded to increase the chances of infection prevention. Conclusion: One conclusion and implication were that nurses need to take more consideration to each patient's individual need in the prevention work against infections. Continued research can examine patients 'experiences of nurses' work towards VRI
Obstetric care in intensive care : A literature review of patients’ experience of a stay in an ICU during and after pregnancy
No full textBackground. Specialist nurses in intensive care may feel insecure when caring for obstetric patients, partly because they lack experience for the patient group, and partly because they lack knowledge about physiological changes during pregnancy. To achieve a holistic view of nursing, the aim of this study was to examine obstetric patients' experiences of being cared for in ICU. The method applied was a literature study and was conducted by analyzing the results of seven scientific articles with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The results of this study can be divided into two main categories. The first category was about feelings and experiences of obstetric patients at the ICU, including for example worries, anxiety, disappointment, stress, shame, and confusion. The second category deals with nursing interventions that obstetric patients consider benefiting their well-being during the ICU period. These include transparent information, person-centered encounters, presence of next-of-kin, contact with the newborn, breastfeeding-support, spiritual/existential support, and a calm environment. Based on these results, the conclusion is that obstetric patients in ICU are particularly exposed to negative experiences and have an increased risk of depression. A holistic nursing approach aimed at this patient group can increase the patient's well-being and lead to better mother-child-attachment.Bakgrund. Specialistsjuksköterskor inom intensivvård kan känna sig osäkra när de vårdar obstetriska patienter på en intensivvårdsavdelning, dels för att de saknar erfarenhet för denna patientgrupp, dels för att de saknar kunskap om fysiologiska förändringar under graviditet. För att kunna uppnå en holistisk syn på omvårdnad var syftet med denna litteraturstudie att beskriva obstetriska patienters upplevelser av att vårdas inom intensivvården. Som metod för att svara på detta syfte genomfördes en litteraturöversikt som inkluderar sju vetenskapliga artiklar med kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Studiens resultat delas upp i två huvudkategorier. Den första huvudkategorin handlar om känslor och upplevelser som obstetriska patienter som vårdas på IVA erfar. Dessa är exempelvis oro, ångest, besvikelse, stress, skam och förvirring. Den andra huvudkategorin handlar om omvårdnadsåtgärder som patienterna anser gynna deras välbefinnande på IVA. Dessa inkluderar tydlig information, personcentrerat bemötande, närståendes närvaro, kontakt med barnet, amningsstöd, spirituellt/religiöst stöd samt en lugn vårdmiljö. Utifrån resultatet dras slutsatsen att obstetriska patienter inom intensivvården är särskilt utsatta för negativa erfarenheter samt har en ökad risk för depression. Ett holistiskt synsätt och specifika omvårdnadsåtgärder riktade till denna patientgrupp kan öka patientens välbefinnande och leda till en bättre anknytning mellan mor och barn
To illuminate the experiences of psychiatry nurses inexistential care : A literature review
No full textBackground: Mental illness is a major challenge to the global burden of health care. In order to improve and develop the experience of nurses global, it is thus important to gain an increased understanding of existential dimension. Aim: The aim of this study was to illuminate the experiences of psychiatric nurses in existential care. Method: A general literature review following the Evans model (2002), a descriptive synthesis based on already 10 published qualitative articles. Results: Two main themes were formulated in the result: Caring relationship and Lack of knowledge. Four subthemes were constructed from these. To openness to the existential drive (strength), To identify the existential suffering, Need for knowledge development and Nurse approach to own spirituality. These had an impact on psychiatric nurses' experience of existential nursing. Conclusion: Nursing relationships and knowledge play an important role in nurses' experience of existential nursing in psychiatry. This study highlights that further research on existential nursing in psychiatry is recommended in order to improve the experience of nurses, to reduce suffering, and thereby improve healthcare.Bakgrund: Psykiska sjukdomstillstånd är en stor utmaning till den globala sjukvården. För att förbättra och utveckla sjuksköterskors erfarenhet globalt, är det således av vikt att få en ökad förståelse för den existentiella dimensionen. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av existentiell omvårdnad vid psykiatrisk vård. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie som analyserades med hjälp av Evans model (2002), en beskrivande syntes baserade på 10 publicerade artiklar. Resultat: Två teman formulerades i resultatet: Vårdande relation och Bristande kunskap. Fyra subteman konstruerades från dessa teman: Vårdande relation har två subteman - Öppenhet för den existentiella driftkraften och Att identifiera det existentiella lidandet. Bristande kunskap har två subteman - Behov av kunskapsutveckling och Sjuksköterskans förhållningsätt till egen andlighet. Dessa hade en inverkan på psykiatrisjuksköterskors erfarenhet av existentiell omvårdnad. Slutsatser: Vårdrelation och kunskap har en viktig roll i sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av existentiell omvårdnad inom psykiatri. Denna studie visar att ytterligare forskning om existentiell omvårdnad inom psykiatri rekommenderas för att kunna förbättra erfarenheter hos sjuksköterskor, minska lidandet och därmed förbättra sjukvården
Person-centered care-core competence as a basis for developmentin psychiatric outpatient care : A qualitative interview study
No full textBackground: Person-centered care is one of the nurse's core competencies where the nurse's role is to enable the patient's care based on participation and self-determination. According to research, person-centered care has positive effects such as higher quality of life, reduced cost and satisfaction in both patients and care staff. Despite this, the implementation of personcentered care is slow, which is most often referred to various obstructive factors such as lack of time and shortcomings in the work environment. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate how nurses describe their experiences of person-centered care in psychiatric outpatient care. Method: The study was done with a qualitative design and the data collection took place through semi-structured interviews of eleven nurses at a psychiatric outpatient clinic. These interviews analyzed by inductive content analysis. Results: The overall category Person-centered care - opportunities and challenges shows that nurses' experiences of person-centered care are complex. The results of this study are presented through four subcategories. 1. With patient in focus. 2. Collaboration as a prerequisite for Participation. 3.To adapt and strive for good communication. 4. Organizational work and knowledge. Conclusion: Joint responsibility is required to provide person-centered care. Nurses cannot provide person-centered care on their own, but greater organizational change work is needed. On the other hand, specialist nurses in psychiatric care, with their in-depth care scientific knowledge, must be able to lead the nursing work based on the person-centered approach. Suggestions for further research: This study is important as it sheds light on knowledgegaps based on the nurses' previous experiences, while at the same time it sheds light on the specialist nurse's opportunities to develop person-centered care. Finally, more knowledge is requested in person-centered care, including communication, collaboration, participation and documentation with a focus on care plans
Kvinnors erfarenheter att leva med bröstcancer : en litteraturstudie
No full textBackground: Breast cancer is today the most common cancer among women in the world. For many women, a breast cancer diagnosis means a constant fear, stress, physical changes and low self-esteem that negatively affect their lives. The responsibility of the health service includes informing and supporting these people throughout the course of the disease. This literature study contributes to more knowledge about women's experiences of living with breast cancer. Aim: The aim was to describe women's experiences of living with breast cancer. Method: This literature study was conducted with qualitative articles. A total of 9 scientific articles were included. Results: The results were compiled into two categories. The first category is "women's experience of the body" which has under the category "body perception" and "emotional". Second category "women's need for support during and after treatment" which has under the category "insufficient support of care staff" and "increased need for support to protect mental illness and suffering in women". Conclusion: In order to prevent women with breast cancer from feeling unwell, increased knowledge and emotional support is required from both health care professionals and relatives.Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är idag den vanligaste cancersjukdomen bland kvinnor i världen. En bröstcancerdiagnos innebär för många kvinnor en konstant rädsla, stress, fysiska förändringar och dåligt självförtroende som påverkar deras liv negativt. Hälso- och sjukvårdens ansvar ingår att informera och stötta dessa personer under hela sjukdomsförloppet. Denna litteraturstudie bidrar till mer kunskap om kvinnors erfarenheter av att leva med bröstcancer. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva kvinnorserfarenheter att leva med bröstcancer. Metod: Denna litteraturstudie genomfördes med kvalitativa artiklar. Totalt inkluderades 9 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Resultatet sammanställdes i två kategorier. Första kategorin är ”kvinnors upplevelse av kroppen” som har under kategorin ”kroppsuppfattning” och ”emotionellt”. Andra kategorin ”kvinnors behov av stöd under och efter behandling” som har under kategori ”otillräckligt stöd av vårdpersonal” och ”ökat behov av stöd för att förhindra psykisk ohälsa och lidande hos kvinnor”. Slutsats: För att kunna motverka att kvinnor med bröstcancer inte ska må dåligt krävs ökad kunskap och emotionellt stöd av både hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal och anhöriga
Self-care experiences of patients with diabetes type 2 : A review
No full textBakgrund: Diabetes mellitus är ett växande hälsoproblem över hela världen. Sjukdomen medför flera komplikationer, vilket innebär en livsstilsförändring för individer som drabbas av sjukdomen. Egenvård är en central del i behandlingen som kan hjälpa att undvika sjukdomskomplikationer. Med stöd av rådgivning, undervisning och handledning kan egenvård främjas, på så sätt kan patienten upprätthålla en god hälsa utifrån sina förutsättningar. Syftet: Syftet med litteraturstudien är att beskriva egenvårdsupplevelser av patienter med diabetes mellitus typ 2. Metod: En litteraturstudie med kvalitativ design som följer Polit och Becks niostegsmodell samt Braun och Clarkes modell för tematisk analys. Inhämtade material genomfördes i databaser Pubmed och CINAHL. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i tre teman: emotionella aspekter, förståelser och söka kunskap, utmaning vid egenvård. Slutsats: Patienten är beroende av livsförändringar för att upprätthålla en god egenvård. Sjuksköterskan ska sträva efter att arbeta personcentrerat med avsikt att tillgodose patientens egenvårdsbehov. Patienten ska kunna ta hand om sin diabetes utifrån sina förutsättningar därmed kunna uppleva en god hälsa och välbefinnande trots sjukdomen.Background: Diabetes mellitus is a growing health problem worldwide. The disease entails several complications, which means a lifestyle change for individuals affected by the disease. Self-care is a central part of treatment that can help avoid disease complications. With the support of counselling, teaching and supervision, self-care can be promoted, in this way the patient can maintain good health based on their conditions. Aim: The purpose of the literature study is to describe self-care experiences of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Method: A literature study with a qualitative design that follows Polit and Becks nine-step model and Braun and Clarkes model of thematic analysis. Collected materials are processed in databases Pubmed and CINAHL. Results: The results are presented in three themes: emotional aspects, understandings and search for knowledge, challenge in self-care. Conclusion: The patient is dependent on life changes to maintain good self-care. The nurse must strive to work person-centred with the intention of meeting the patient's self-care needs. The patient must be able to take care of his diabetes based on his conditions to be able to experience good health and well-being despite the disease
Hello death! : A general literature review about the nurse’s experiences from providing palliative nursing care
No full textBakgrund: Palliativ vård är en vårdform flertalet patienter är i behov av världen över. Palliativ vård förekommer inom alla vårdformer varpå majoriteten av sjuksköterskor träffar på patienter i livets slutskede någon gång under yrkeslivet. Sjuksköterskans erfarenheter ämnas undersökas för att se om dessa påverkar palliativ vård och dess kvalitet. Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva sjuksköterskans erfarenheter av att vårda patienter som erhåller palliativ omvårdnad. Metod: Litteraturöversikt samt dataanalys genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: 10 originalartiklar inkluderades. Två huvudkategorier identifierades; Sjuksköterskans arbetsmiljö, med subkategorier Emotionell påverkan och Stöd till sjuksköterskan, samt Sjuksköterskans kompetens, med subkategorier Kunskap om livets slutskede och Etiska aspekter. Resultatet pekar på att palliativ vård får sämre kvalitet på grund av sjuksköterskans höga arbetsbelastning och låg kunskapsnivå inom området bland sjuksköterskor. Sjuksköterskans hälsa drabbas av hög arbetsbelastning och när sjuksköterskan ställs inför etiska aspekter som är svåra att ta ställning till. Slutsats: Palliativ vård behöver mer utrymme i sjuksköterskeutbildningen och sjuksköterskor behöver mer tid för debriefing och stöd. Mer forskning skulle behövas på nyexaminerade sjuksköterskor och sjuksköterskestudenter för att se vilka utbildningsinsatser som bäst gynnar kvaliteten på palliativ vård och göra sjuksköterskor mer bekväma med palliativ vård.Background: Palliative care is needed by a large group of patients all over the world. Palliative care is given in all forms of care and the majority of nurses will meet patients that receives end of life care during their professional career. The nurse’s experiences will be examined to see if they affect palliative care and the quality of it. Aim: The aim is to describe the nurse’s experiences from caring patients that receive palliative nursing care. Method: General literature review with data analysis through qualitative analysis. Results: 10 original articles was included. Two main categories were identified; The nurse’s working environment, with subcategories Emotional affection and Support to the nurse, and The nurse’s competence, with subcategories Knowledge about end of life care and Ethical aspects. The result shows that palliative care is given with lover quality due to the nurse’s high work load and nurse’s limited knowledge about palliative care. The nurse’s health is affected by the high work load and when the nurse is faced with ethical aspects that are difficult to manage. Conclusion: Palliative care needs to be involved in the curriculum for the nursing program and nurses need to be able to have debriefings and get support at work. There’s a need for more research on newly graduated nurses and nursing students to conclude what kind of education would be needed to provide palliative care with higher quality and make nurses more comfortable with palliative care.
Early steps towards professional clinical note-taking in a Swedish study programme in dentistry
No full textBackground: Higher education tends to focus on academic writing only, instead of emphasizing that professional texts are also used as a basis for communication in contexts with a variety of participators. When it comes to clinical notes, research is scarce and focused on technology and informatics. Therefore, the aim was to explore dental students' clinical notes, and specifically which aspects of the clinical notes characterizes clinical notes that are not sufficient enough for professional purposes. Methods: The object of analysis was the student's written completion of a teacher constructed protocol regarding oral mucosa, the dental apparatus including pathology on tooth level, oral hygiene, and a validated international clinical examination protocol of the temporomandibular region. The study was framed within the New Literacy Studies approach, and the clinical notes were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Within the clinical notes three themes were identified; a) familiar content; b) familiar content in new context; and c) new content. The forms of notes could refer to either categorizational clinical notes or descriptive clinical notes. Most students were able to write acceptable clinical notes when the content was familiar, but as soon as the familiar content was in a new context the students had difficulties to write acceptable notes. When it comes to descriptive notes students suffered difficulties to write acceptable notes both when it came to familiar content, or familiar content in a new context. Conclusions: Taken together, the results indicate that students have difficulties writing acceptable notes when they are novices to the content or context, making their notes either insufficient, too short or even wrong for professional purposes. With this in mind, this study suggests that there is a need to strengthen the demands on sufficient professional quality in clinical notes and focus on clinical notes already in the early stages of the different medical educations
Living with infertility caused by polycystic ovary syndrome : A literature study
No full textBakgrund: Ofrivillig barnlöshet innebär en oförmåga att uppnå en graviditet inom ett års tid med oskyddat samlag. En av de vanligaste orsakerna till ofrivillig barnlöshet är ovulationsrubbningar där syndromet polycystiskt ovarialsyndrom är den vanligaste. De som drabbas av infertilitet hamnar oftast i en livskris som pågår under flera år och kräver därav olika insatser från sjukvården. Det finns även en koppling mellan psykisk ohälsa och stressen kring att inte uppnå en graviditet. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva kvinnors erfarenheter av att leva med Infertilitet orsakat av polycystiskt ovarialsyndrom. Metod: En litteraturstudie som inkluderar elva originalartiklar. Data analyserades med integrerad dataanalys. Resultat: Två kategorier presenteras ”Infertilitetens påverkan på livet” och ”Kvinnornas kontakt med sjukvården”. Under dessa presenteras åtta underkategorier vilka visar att infertilitet orsakat av PCOS bidrar till nedsatt hälsa och livskvalitet. Slutsats: Det är av vikt med fortsatt forskning för att kunna implementera tydligare riktlinjer kring vård och omvårdnad av denna patientgrupp för minskat lidande. Det krävs ökad kunskap och förståelse hos sjuksköterskan, för att kunna ge en personcentrerad vård vid infertilitet och PCOS. Likaså bör det finnas mer utbildning kring infertilitet och dess orsaker på sjuksköterskeutbildningar för att uppmärksamma detta problem. Background: Involuntary childlessness means an inability to achieve a pregnancy within one year with unprotected sex. One of the most common causes of involuntary infertility is ovulation disorders, where polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common. Those who suffer from infertility usually end up in a life crisis that lasts for several years and therefore requires different interventions from the healthcare system. There is also a connection between mental illness and the stress of not achieving a pregnancy. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe women's experience of living with infertility caused by polycystic ovary syndrome. Method: A literature study that includes eleven original articles. Data were analyzed using integrated data analysis. Result: Two categories are presented: "Infertility's impact on life" and " Women's contact with healthcare". Under these, eight subcategories are presented showing that infertility caused by PCOS contributes to reduced health and quality of life. Conclusion: It is important for continued research to be able to implement clearer guidelines regarding the care and nursing of this patient group for reduced suffering. Increased knowledge and understanding is required for the nurse, to be able to provide person-centred care for infertility and PCOS. Likewise, there should be more education about infertility and its causes in nursing schools to draw attention to this problem
Cultural competence in healthcare professionals, specialised in diabetes, working in primary healthcare — A descriptive study
No full textSelf-care is the most important cornerstone of diabetes treatment. As self-care is affected by cultural beliefs, it is important for healthcare professionals to be able to adapt their educational approach and to be culturally competent. The aim of this study was to describe the cultural competence in Swedish healthcare professionals, specialised in diabetes care and to examine related factors for cultural competence. The healthcare professionals' perceived level of cultural competence was measured across three domains-Openness and awareness, Workplace support and Interaction skills-in 279 Swedish healthcare professionals from all 21 regions of Sweden, using the Cultural Competence Assessment Instrument (Swedish version-CCAI-S). Descriptive statistics were used to describe cultural competence in healthcare professionals, and linear regression was conducted to examine factors related to cultural competence. Of the healthcare professionals studied, 58% perceived that they had a high level of Openness and awareness, 35% perceived that they had a high level of Interaction skills and 6% perceived that they had a high level of Workplace support. Two factors were found to be related to cultural competence, namely, high percentage of migrant clients at the healthcare clinic and whether the healthcare professionals previously had developed cultural competence through practical experience, education and/or by themselves. In conclusion, most healthcare professionals perceived that they had cultural openness and awareness but need more support from their workplace to improve their interaction skills. Cultural competence-related education could support the healthcare professionals to develop interaction skills