Publikationer från Högskolan i Skövde
Not a member yet
11110 research outputs found
Sort by
Neural correlates of reward sensitivity and decision-making in pathological gambling : A systematic review
No full textPathological gambling (PG) is a behavioural addiction affecting approximately 1-2% of the global adult population, characterized by persistent and recurrent gambling behaviours that negatively impact personal and social functioning. Yet, little is known about the neurobiological mechanisms underlying PG. This systematic review aimed to summarise and synthesize neuroimaging studies, examining alterations in the brain’s reward processing and decision-making systems in pathological gamblers (PGs) compared to healthy controls (HC). A search in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus identified 286 articles, of which seven utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate neural activity related to reward sensitivity, risk-taking and cognitive control during gambling tasks. Key findings revealed alterations in brain regions associated with reward processing and cognitive control, particularly the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), ventral striatum, and insula. PGs exhibited reward-seeking behaviours outweighing their cognitive control abilities, this was reflected in inflexible strategies and poor risk evaluation that contributed to continued gambling despite negative consequences. Interestingly, neural activation in the ventral striatum appeared similar for both PGs and HC, suggesting that basic reward processing may remain intact in PGs. Limitations across the studies included small, predominantly male samples and inconsistent task designs. This review emphasizes the need for future research to employ standardized tasks and measures that better resemble real-life gambling, and to include more diverse samples to enhance understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying PG
How Can Standardised Certification programs and Government Regulations Influence IoT Security in the Healthcare Sector
No full textThis thesis aims to analyse the influence of certification standards and government regulation on the security of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in the health sector. The data for this study was collected through a systematic literature review (SLR) and expert interviews. The study attempts to highlight the challenges that arise from fragmentation in standards, inconsistent certifications, and jurisdictional variations. It unveiled that IoT devices prioritise functionality over security and lack security-by-design principles. Some standards exist, such as International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). However, their overlapping guidelines and generalisations about IoT currently make implementation in small municipalities and organisations an expensive and highly impractical undertaking. In addition, the study highlights that existing laws and regulations, such as General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Medical Device Regulation (MDR), or other European Union (EU) initiatives, are far too broad and too slow to respond to changing threats. The findings indicate a need for regulatory collaboration, scalable certification schemes, and better support for smaller municipalities.Examensarbete i informationsteknologi med inriktning mot nätverks- och systemadministration G2E, 30 hp.</p
Consumer interpretations of AI-generated marketing : Trust, authenticity and emotional tone
No full textGenerative AI is increasingly used in marketing to automate content production. This thesis explores how consumers respond to AI-generated advertising, focusing on trust, authenticity, and emotional tone. Using a qualitative design, sixteen university students were interviewed after viewing AI-generated ads from IKEA and Volvo. Thematic analysis revealed five patterns: emotional detachment, scepticism about authenticity, conditional trust, privacy concerns, and demographic variation. Participants often described the content as emotionally flat or manipulative, particularly after AI authorship was disclosed. These findings suggest that emotional realism, transparency, and perceived intent shape consumer acceptance of automated marketing. The study contributes to understanding the psychological and ethical friction introduced by AI in brand communication
Root cause investigation and optimization of camera system accuracy in cylinder head and litter handling
No full textDetta examensarbete genomfördes vid Volvo Powertrain i Skövde och syftade till att förbättra tillförlitligheten i det kamerasystem som används för att styra en industrirobot vid hantering av cylinderhuvuden, strö och pallar. Tre huvudsakliga mål formulerades: att åtgärda felaktig detektering av cylinderhuvuden på det sista lagret, att förbättra hanteringen av strö samt att undersöka kamerans koordinationsnoggrannhet vid positionering.Förbättringsarbetet tillämpade PDCA-metoden för de två första målen. Genom insamling och analys av bild data kunde felorsaker identifieras, och nya programlogiker utvecklades i Cognex In-Sight Explorer. Dessa inkluderade villkor för att detektera rullar, en ny helformad sökmodell för strö samt ökade rotationstoleranser. Samtliga förbättringar testades i emulatormiljö, där både tidigare felaktiga och korrekta bilder användes för att verifiera resultatens tillförlitlighet. Det tredje målet analyserades med hjälp av Gemba, där observationer i produktionsmiljö visade att koordinatinformationen från kameran var korrekt, medan felet troligen låg i robotens rörelselogik. Slutsatsen är att detekteringsförmågan i visionsystemet har förbättrats genom riktade programmeringsinsatser, och att fortsatt utveckling bör ske i samverkan med robotens styrsystem för att uppnå en mer stabil helhetsfunktion.This thesis project was carried out at Volvo Powertrain in Skövde with the aim of improving the reliability of the existing vision system used to guide an industrial robot in the handling of cylinder heads, support brackets (Strö), and pallets. Three main objectives were formulated: to address incorrect detection of cylinder heads on the final layer, to improve the handling of support brackets, and to investigate the camera’s positional accuracy in guiding the robot. The improvement work applied the PDCA method for the first two objectives. Through the collection and analysis of image data, root causes were identified, and new logic conditions were developed in Cognex In-Sight Explorer. These included detection criteria for conveyor rollers, a new shape-based model for the support bracket, and increased tolerance for object rotation. All improvements were tested in the emulator environment using both previously misclassified and correctly identified images to validate the reliability of the updated program. The third objective was examined using the Gemba approach. Observations in the production environment confirmed that the camera system delivered accurate coordinates, while errors likely originated from the robot’s motion logic. In conclusion, the system’s detection reliability was significantly enhanced through targeted programming measures, and further development should focus on improving robot-path calibration for stable system performance
Enhancing Robotics Education Through XR Simulation : Insights from the X-RAPT Training Framework
No full textExtended reality (XR) technologies are gaining traction in technical education due to their potential for creating immersive and interactive training environments. This study presents the development and empirical evaluation of X-RAPT, a collaborative VR-based platform designed to train students in industrial robotics programming. The system enables multi-user interaction, cross-platform compatibility (VR and PC), and real-time data logging through a modular simulation framework. A pilot evaluation was conducted in a vocational training institute with 15 students performing progressively complex tasks in alternating roles using both VR and PC interfaces. Performance metrics were captured automatically from system logs, while post-task questionnaires assessed usability, comfort, and interaction quality. The findings indicate high user engagement and a distinct learning curve, evidenced by progressively shorter task completion times across levels of increasing complexity. Role-based differences were observed, with main users showing greater interaction frequency but both roles contributing meaningfully. Although hardware demands and institutional constraints limited the scale of the pilot, the findings support the platform’s potential for enhancing robotics education.CC BY 4.0© 2025 by the authorsCorrespondence Address: J. Garcia-Rodriguez; Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Alicante, Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690, Spain; email: [email protected] work has been conducted as part of the X-RAPT (Immersive XR-Based Adaptive Training for Robotics Programming in Assembly and Packaging) project, funded by the European Union under the Horizon Europe programme [Project ID: 101093079]. This work has also been supported by the Valencian regional government CIAICO/2022/132 Consolidated group project AI4Health, and International Center for Aging Research ICAR funded project “IASISTEM”. It has also been funded by a regional grants for PhD studies from the Valencian government, CIACIF/2021/430.X-RAPT (Immersive XR-Based Adaptive Training for Robotics Programming in Assembly and Packaging
To shed light on relatives’ experiences of living close to a person with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) : A literature review
No full textBakgrund: Amyotrofisk lateralskleros (ALS) är en obotlig och progressiv neurologisk sjukdom som leder till muskelsvaghet och andningssvikt. Sjuksköterskans roll innefattar att ge praktiskt och emotionellt stöd samt främja trygghet och delaktighet för anhöriga. Syfte: Att belysa anhörigas upplevelser av att leva nära en person som insjuknat ALS. Metod: Litteraturöversikten baseras på kvalitativa artiklar som valdes genom systematisk sökning enligt inklusions- och exklusionskriterier. Endast etiskt granskade studier inkluderades, och förförståelsen reflekterades för att öka studiens trovärdighet. Resultat: Resultatet mynnade ut i tre huvudteman med tillhörande sju subteman. Anhöriga får ofta ta en omfattande vårdgivarroll, vilket innebär stora förändringar i familjelivet och påverkar både fysisk och psykisk hälsa. Oro, utmattning och känsla av isolering är vanligt, särskilt vid bristande stöd från vården. Stöd från andra anhöriga och professionella kan ge mening och kraft. Konklusion: Anhöriga behöver mer stöd, information och delaktighet i vårdprocessen. Sjuksköterskan har en betydande roll i att erbjuda personcentrerad och familjeinriktad omvårdnad samt främja insatser som stärker anhörigas välbefinnande.Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable and progressive neurological disease that leads to muscle weakness and respiratory failure. The nurse's role includes providing practical and emotional support, promoting comfort and involvement for relatives. Aim: To shed light on relatives’ experiences of living close to a person with ALS. Method: The literature review is based on qualitative articles selected through a systematic search using clear inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only ethically reviewed studies were included, and the authors' pre-understanding was reflected upon to enhance the credibility of the study. Findings: The result culminated in three main themes with a total of seven associated sub-themes. Relatives often take on an extensive caregiving role, which leads to significant changes in family life. The effects are both physical and mental health. Feelings of worry, exhaustion, and isolation are common, particularly when support from healthcare services is lacking. Support from other family members and healthcare professionals can provide meaning and strength in this difficult situation. Conclusion: Relatives need more support, information, and involvement in the care process. The nurse plays a significant role in providing person centered and familyoriented care. Also promoting interventions that strengthen the wellbeing of relatives
Examining student writing in the era of chatbots
No full textA major concern when examining student writing nowadays is the fear that much or all submitted text could have been generated by a widely available chatbot (such as ChatGPT or Perplexity), with minimal or no effort on behalf of the submitting student to actually learn or understand the topic at hand (Bahroun et al., 2023). This concern is exacerbated by various studies indicating that chatbots often tend to produce text material that has a good chance of passing typical higher-education writing assignments, sometimes even to the extent of earning top grades (Nikolic et al., 2024). In addition, regulation is exceedingly difficult, as there are no reliable methods for detecting AI-generated output -- not least as the models powering the chatbots are constantly improving -- and students may decide to use a chatbot even where doing so is explicitly against the rules. At the same time, there are legitimate questions about whether students should be prohibited from using chatbots. Given how quickly use of these tools has spread -- including among researchers themselves (Shapira, 2024) -- as well as the fact that there are arguably unproblematically legitimate use cases (e.g. having the chatbot help correct their grammar mistakes in an otherwise completed text of their own), it can be argued that what students need is not a prohibition on the use of a chatbot, so much as an opportunity to explore its use in a way that helps them be more mindful in their reliance on it. For all these reasons, I recently decided to incorporate a "no-limitations-at-all" AI policy in a Master-level course I run: IT805A -- Privacy A1N. The course consists of three examined reports, written individually, each worth 2.5 credits. Instead of attempting to restrict the student use of chatbots, I encouraged them to explore the tools, and attempt generating or revising their own material in non-examining forum discussions, where I would participate and give feedback on the student texts. I also designed the questions to be answered in the examined reports in such a manner that the default chatbot responses tended to fail, for various reasons, and clearly and repeatedly communicated this information to the students. In this presentation, I will briefly summarize my experiences of the above experiment: what I thought worked, what didn't, and how other educators can apply the lessons learned in their own teaching. References Bahroun, Z., Anane, C., Ahmed, V., & Zacca, A. (2023). Transforming education: A comprehensive review of generative artificial intelligence in educational settings through bibliometric and content analysis. Sustainability, 15(17), 12983. Nikolic, S., Sandison, C., Haque, R., Daniel, S., Grundy, S., Belkina, M., Lyden, S., Hassan, G. M., & Neal, P. (2024). ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini, SciSpace and Wolfram versus higher education assessments: An updated multi-institutional study of the academic integrity impacts of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) on assessment, teaching and learning in engineering. Australasian Journal of Engineering Education, 29(2), 126-153. Shapira, P. (2024). Delving into 'delve'. https://pshapira.net/2024/03/31/delving-into-delve
Forecasting for optimization in road freight transport : A review
No full textIn operations of road freight transport, demand forecasts are mostly used for downstream optimization, following a predict then optimize setting. While the literature provides numerous optimization models that rely on accurate forecasts to support the planning of road freight transport, dedicated work on forecasting is limited, hindering a holistic treatment of the problem. Moreover, there is a disconnect to advances in the broader forecasting literature, limiting the adoption of modeling innovations and methodological advances. These can harm the quality and validity of forecasts designed to support road freight transport. We link the relevant forecasting publications to different prominent optimization problems for road freight transportation, highlighting disconnects between forecasting and optimization models in the area. By contrasting these with the current discourse in the forecasting literature, we identify relevant modeling and methodological improvements, in model building, the choice of loss function, and evaluation. These are important to better link forecasts with optimization models for road freight transport. Furthermore, we propose a unified hierarchical framework for freight demand to support aligned decisions across planning levels, which is an important consideration for practice. Our review helps structure and steer academic research and provides opportunities to improve existing forecasting models; a closer integration with optimization; and ultimately improve decisions.CC BY 4.0© 2025Correspondence Address: B. Sonnleitner; Fraunhofer IIS, Analytics, Nuremberg, Nordostpark 93, 90411, Germany; email: [email protected] research received funding from the German Federal Ministry for Digital and Transport [grant number 19F2113A].</p
The impact of social media on young people in Sweden : A qualitative study about young people’s experiences of and around social media
No full textSociala medier utvecklas ständigt varje år som går, och frågan om hur ungdomar påverkas av sociala medier ökar i relevans när alltfler växer upp med den digitala socialiseringen som sedan följer de genom livet. Sociala medier kännetecknas av den enorma åtkomst individer har till andra användare, och till att beskåda bl.a. bilder eller livsstilar hos andra användare. Studiens syfte är att undersöka och skapa en förståelse för hur ungdomar i Sverige påverkas av sociala medier. Genom en kvalitativ studie utfördes tio semistrukturerade intervjuer med gymnasieelever. Det insamlade materialet analyserades med hjälp av socialpsykologiska teorier och begrepp, med utgångspunkter i Festingers (1954) sociala jämförelseteori, Kelmans (1953) konformitet, och Tajfel och Turners (1986) sociala identitetsteori. Datainsamlingen har gett förståelse kring hur ungdomar ser på sin egen påverkan av sociala medier, där majoriteten anser sig påverkas på något vis. Variation kring hur stor påverkan det handlar om speglas i respondenternas svar och påvisas genom allt från influenser kring klädstil till ifrågasättande av sexuell läggning. Utifrån studiens analys av resultaten har slutsatser dragits kring vad framtida forskning bör fokusera på; nämligen sociala mediers påverkan på yngre individer samt en vidare studie med en mer specifik målgrupp för att ge en djupare förståelse av ämnet.Social media is constantly evolving each year, and the question of how young adults are affected by social media is increasing in relevance as more people grow up with the digital sphere of socialization that will follow them throughout their lives. Social media is characterized by the enormous access the individual has towards other users, and to view e.g. images or lifestyles of other users. The purpose of this study is to investigate and create an understanding of how young adults in Sweden are affected by social media. Through a qualitative study, eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with high school students. The collected material was analyzed using socialpsychological theories and concepts based on Festinger's (1954) social comparison theory, Kelman's (1953) conformity, and Tajfel and Turner's (1986) social identity theory. The collected data has provided an understanding of how young adults view their own impact from social media, with the majority believing they are affected in some way. Variation in the extent of the influence is reflected in the respondents' answers and is demonstrated through everything from influences on clothing style to questioning sexual orientation. Based on the study's analysis of the results, conclusions have been drawn about what future research should focus on; namely the impact of social media on younger individuals and a further study with a more specific target group to provide a deeper understanding of the topic
Development of waste sorting system for indoor use in apartment buildings
No full textProjektets syfte är att på ett metodiskt vis utveckla ett koncept i form av ett källsorteringssystem för inomhusbruk i flerbostadshus. Detta i samarbete med ett företag som äger hyresrätterna. Arbetet följer en process som består av hållbar produktutveckling samt metoden Design thinking. Metoden delades in i sex faser: empatisera, definiera, idé, prototpa, test samt vidareutveckling av koncept. Först utfördes en förstudie för att samla kunskap kring källsortering, lagar och hållbar utveckling. För att ta reda på krav och önskemål för en produkt av denna karaktär, utfördes enkätstudier, intervjuer och sedan observationer för att ge grund till beslut kring funktioner och övriga lösningar som bör implementeras. Det slutliga konceptet blev ett källsorteringssystem med sex kärl som anpassats utefter återanvändingsbara förpackningar som plast, metall, kartong, färgat och ofärgat glas, matavfall och restavfall. Samtliga kärl utom kartongkärlet har lock för att minska lukt och locken är avtagbara för att det ska finnas möjlighet att anpassa utformningen efter användarens individuella behov. Användaren kan sortera sitt avfall på ett och samma utrymme i hemmet för att underlätta hanteringen samt transporteringen till sopstationen.The purpose of this degree project is to develop a source sorting system för indoor use in apartment buildings by following a methodological approach. This is in collaboration with a company that owns the apartments. The project followed a process that consisted of sustainable product development, but also the Design thinking method. The method was divided into six phases: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, test and further development of the concept. The preliminary study was used to gather knowledge about source sorting, laws and sustainable development. In order to find requirements and wishes for the product, survey studies, interviews and observations were done to provide information about functions and other solutions that should be implemented. The final result was a source sorting system with six containers that were adapted according to reusable packaging such as plastic, metal, cardboard, colored and uncolored glass, food waste and residual waste. All containers except for the cardboard container have lids to reduce odors and the lids are removable so it could be customized based on the users individual needs. The user can sort their waste in one space at home to facilitate the use and transportation to the station for waste