Publikationer från Högskolan i Jönköping
Not a member yet
26709 research outputs found
Sort by
The Structural Impact and Specification Requirements of Electrically Powered Work Machines on Large-Scale Infrastructure Projects
No full textIntroduction – The construction and civil engineering sector is facing increasing demands for achieving net-zero emissions, where the transition from fossil-fuelled to electric construction machinery plays a critical role, according to Karlsson et al. (2020). However, electrification is progressing slowly, particularly in large-scale linear infrastructure projects located outside urban areas, where technical and logistical conditions are limited. At the same time, the Swedish Transport The Swedish Transport Administration (Trafikverket) is one of Sweden's largest infrastructure clients whose procurement requirements play a crucial role in the sector's development. The aim of this study is to investigate the structural barriers that affect the electrification of construction machinery in such projects and to analyze how Trafikverket’s procurement requirements influence the implementation process. Method – The study is based on a qualitative case study of the E20 project between Götene and Mariestad, where Trafikverket is the client and Peab Anläggning is the main contractor. Empirical data was collected through interviews with representatives from Trafikverket, Peab, and the Norwegian road authority Statens vegvesen. The empirical foundation includes field observations, interviews, and the analysis of relevant literature and reports. Results – The findings indicate that electrification in linear infrastructure projects is influenced by factors such as limited grid capacity, insufficient availability of electric machinery, logistical challenges related to charging locations, and uncertainty about potential impacts on project timelines. On-site observations revealed that practical implementation of charging is difficult, and that battery-swapping solutions may offer a more flexible alternative. Trafikverket’s current strategy is based on incentives rather than mandatory requirements, allowing stakeholders to voluntarily adopt electric alternatives. Discussion – The results of the study indicate that electrification in this type of project is feasible, but it requires changes in work practices, improved energy infrastructure, and clearer direction from clients. Public actors, such as the Swedish Transport Administration (Trafikverket), play a key role in driving the transition by gradually tightening procurement requirements. At the same time, it is comparatively easier for municipalities to pursue a transition to electric operation, as their procurements involve smaller projects in urban environments where access to electricity is more readily available
Chaebol Affiliation and the Korean Discount : An Empirical Analysis on the Valuation Disparity Between Chaebol and non-Chaebol Firms
No full textCapital markets have a crucial role in the efficient allocation of a nation’s capital stock, with low valuations being a signal of inefficiencies in this system. The nation of South Korea has notably exhibited suppressed valuations compared to international peers, giving rise to the phenomenon known as the “Korean Discount”. A prominent explanation for the valuation gap is the agency costs and weak corporate governance structures observed within the large family owned conglomerates knows as Chaebols, which accounts for a major part of the South Korean economy. With the use of a Correlated Random Effects model and an unbalanced panel of 950 unique firms on the South Korean stock market, this study set out to assess whether the Korean Discount is a market-wide phenomenon or mainly Chaebol-specific. Findings of this study indicates that Chaebol-affiliated firms exhibit a price-to-book discount of -26.79% in comparison to non-Chaebol firms during the period 2011-2024, after controlling for fundamental factors. The empirical findings suggest that investors perceive Chaebols to have residual loses that are not as prevalent within non-Chaebol firms, an issue that Chaebol management, policymakers and investors alike should address to solve the Korean Discount, which may in turn benefit South Korean capital markets and society as a whole
Determinants of Market Value in Listed Financial Firms in India: An Empirical Analysis Using Financial Metrics
No full textInsatser och förebyggande program mot sexuella övergrepp mot barn i Turkiet : En översiktsstudie
No full textThis scoping review aims to map to describe the characteristics, content, and reported outcomes of psychosocial intervention programs designed to prevent child sexual abuse (CSA) in Türkiye. Despite its severe individual and societal impact, CSA has remained a hidden issue in Türkiye due to cultural taboos, patriarchal family structures, and children's limited ability to report abuse. A scoping review was considered appropriate to explore structured, measurable, and sustainable intervention efforts targeting CSA prevention. A scoping review was conducted in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed,PsycINFO, and DergiPark databases. After screening 823 studies using Rayyan, 16 articles met the inclusion criteria. These studies included parent-focused online interventions, programs for children with special needs, creative drama-based initiatives, and school-based educational interventions. The findings indicate that these interventions were generally effective in increasing knowledge, developing protective behavior skills, and enhancing self-awareness in children. Some programs also reported positive outcomes related to parental anxiety and emotional responses. However, limitations were identified in terms of program duration, sample diversity, lack of cultural adaptation for international contexts, and insufficient evidence on long-term behavioral sustainability. Future programs should be address these gaps and include long-term evaluations to ensure impact sustainability
Reducing Emissions, Enhancing Experience : The Impact of Sustainable Web Design in UX
No full textThis report examined the effects of sustainable web design and its impact on the user’s perception of usability and user experience. In order to reduce the global emissions produced by the internet, it is essential to optimise web design to be more environmentally friendly. The objective of this study was to determine whether a website that has been optimised with sustainable UX guidelines impacts user experience. Two research questions were formulated in order to further investigate this phenomenon. The first research question focused on the user experience itself, while the second research question focused on users' perceptions and preferences regarding sustainable web design. The research method consisted of an A/B-test with a follow-up interview, which explored the user’s interactions and perceptions of an original and a sustainable redesign of the Swedish second-hand website Blocket. The findings indicated that the implementation of sustainable web design guidelines had a slight impact on the user experience. Users demonstrated a lack of awareness regarding the environmental impact of their website usage and in general how the digital sector contributes to CO2 emissions. Moreover, some users would compromise on different aspects of a website, with one group using the sustainable website because it reduces the environmental impact of the digital sector. The other half, however, would only use it if the functionalities were the same as those of the original website and if there was statistical evidence that the sustainable website was more environmentally friendly
En kungs privilegier, skyldigheter, och funktion
No full textThis study aims to investigate power in language. More specifically, the study aims toinvestigate how a position of power affects how an individual performs speech acts.Additionally, the study aims to identify how power is legitimized through language. Theinvestigation focuses on a fictional character in a TV show, House of the Dragon, who holdsthe title of king, Viserys 1st Targaryen. The study is qualitative in nature and relies on theauthor's interpretations of the character's intentions behind each speech act analyzed. The resultsshow that the king is allowed to use language almost entirely how he wants to, even performingFace-Threatening-Acts, FTAs, towards anyone with impunity. The king is, however, morecareful with his speech acts when he desires to either maintain an open relationship withcharacters close to him, e.g., his daughter, or when what he says has drastic consequences, suchas war. To identify the legitimacy of power, the term was defined through two aspects, symbolicand functional, to illustrate that the power in the king's speech acts originates from other factors.The analysis argues that these two aspects, the social contract (symbolic), and the special,objective value of language (functional), are the sources that granted his power legitimacy. Bothsources are also dependent on each other. In other words, the king’s authority requiresrecognition and cooperation from enough characters in order to perform his speech acts withimpunity. However, not only does the social contract require the king’s compliance to adhereto social rituals as well, but it is also observed in the study that when the social contract hasbeen established the king’s speech acts actually worked as intended. When everyone agrees thatthe king has the authority to declare war, whether he intends to or not, his language can leadother characters to kill strangers on a battlefield. This ability of speech acts is considered in thispaper to be the effect of both symbolic and functional power. This paper is also emphasizingthe necessary relationship between the two aspects in order for power to be powerful.
Closed vs open surgical exposure of palatally displaced canines : Patients' perceptions of recovery, operating time, and complications-A 2-center randomized controlled trial
No full textINTRODUCTION: The objective of this trial was to compare, in a 3-week follow-up, patients' perceptions of recovery, surgery time, and complications related to surgical exposure of palatally displaced canines (PDCs) with either the closed or the open techniques. METHODS: This study was a 2-center, 2-arm parallel randomized clinical trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio. A total of 100 participants with PDC from 2 university clinics, aged <16 years, with unilateral or bilateral PDCs with cusp tip position in sectors II-IV, were randomly allocated to either closed-exposure or open-exposure techniques. Outcomes related to surgery and surgery/dressing removal interventions were analyzed by blinded assessors. Patients' perceptions during both interventions and the week postinterventions were evaluated using take-home questionnaires, which included 3 question types: visual analog scale (VAS) questions about pain/discomfort, binary questions about analgesic intake, and open questions about complications. Surgical duration and professional-reported complications were assessed in patient journals. Mixed models with random intercepts were used to examine the effects of treatment on VAS scores (Gaussian model) and the use of analgesics (logistic model). Linear regression was used to examine the effect of the treatment on the operation. Statistical significance was set at <0.05. RESULTS: A total of 92 participants were included with no baseline differences between the intervention groups. There were no significant differences in patient perceptions between the centers. The open approach showed higher VAS scores for pain (coefficient, 8.58 [95% confidence interval, 2.29-14.88]; P <0.01) and discomfort (coefficient, 9.15 [95% confidence interval, 2.33-15.98]; P <0.01) from the exposure operation onwards, with nonsignificantly higher scores for patients with bilateral than unilateral PDCs. No pain/discomfort score differences were observed between treatment groups or between patients with bilateral or unilateral PDCs at surgery/dressing removal intervention. There were no differences in analgesic intake after surgery, but there was significantly more consumption after suture/dressing removal with the closed technique. Overall, a shorter duration was observed for the open technique, particularly when no flap surgeries were performed. Few complications were detected and were more common in the open group. CONCLUSIONS: There was more pain and discomfort in the open group during surgery and the following week; however, no difference was observed during suture/dressing removal or the week after. There was increased analgesic intake in the closed group after suture dressing removal. Open surgical exposure required a shorter time, particularly when no flap surgery was performed. Complications were sparse and more common in the open group. REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05067712) PROTOCOL: Published before trial commencement.FUNDING: University of Oslo.</p
AI – opportunities and challenges : A literature review on primary school teachers’ attitudes towards AI
No full textDen snabba utvecklingen av artificiell intelligens (AI) skapar både möjligheter och utmaningar i utbildningssektorn. I grundskolan väcker AI frågor om lärarrollens förändring, elevernas lärande och undervisningens kvalitet. I den här litteraturstudien undersöks vad grundskollärare i olika länder har för attityder till AI och hur de ser på dess möjligheter och utmaningar. Studien bygger på en systematisk granskning av vetenskapliga artiklar insamlade via databasen ERIC och söktjänsten Primo. Resultaten visar att AI ses som ett värdefullt verktyg för effektivare undervisning, individanpassat lärande och administrativ avlastning. Samtidigt uttrycker lärare oro för att AI kan hämma elevernas kritiska tänkande och självständighet. Brist på tydliga riktlinjer och fortbildning skapar osäkerhet om teknikens pedagogiska tillämpning. Studien betonar behovet av fortsatt forskning om AI:s roll i skolan samt vikten av tydligare riktlinjer, pedagogiska strategier och kompetensutveckling för lärare
The role of reading self-concept in reading development – a literature review on the interaction between reading self-concept and reading performance
No full textEn positiv lässjälvbild främjar goda läsprestationer, samtidigt som starka läsprestationer bidrar till en positiv lässjälvbild. Hur dessa variabler samspelar över tid hos lågstadieelever är dock oklart. Denna litteraturstudie syftar till att identifiera faktorer i tidigare forskning som belyser relationen mellan lässjälvbild och läsutveckling inom svenskämnet i årskurs F–3. Litteraturstudien har genomförts genom en tematisk analys. Litteraturen som analyserades bestod av 15 vetenskapliga artiklar som behandlade korrelationen mellan läsprestationer och lässjälvbild, för barn i en lågstadieålder. Resultatet visar att relationen mellan lässjälvbild och läsprestation bör betraktas som ett reciprokt samband, men forskningen är oenig om hur processen verkar. Ur ett socialt lärandeperspektiv spelar kamratpåverkan en central roll i hur lässjälvbild konstrueras. Dessutom utgör relationen mellan lärare och elev grunden för läsutveckling, där återkoppling i undervisningen påverkar styrkan i sambandet mellan lässjälvbild och läsprestation. Litteraturstudiens fynd tyder på att läsprestationer dominerar lässjälvbilden under lågstadiets tidiga del, men att ett reciprokt samband börjar verka när lässjälvbilden stabiliseras. Avslutningsvis finner litteraturstudien evidens för att en undervisning som syftar till att stärka elevers lässjälvbild är relevant för deras fortsatta läsutveckling.
Successful teaching methods for early decoding : A litterature study on early reading instruction in the heterogeneous classroom
No full textLitteraturstudien undersöker framgångsrika undervisningsmetoder inom den tidiga läsundervisningen, med fokus på avkodning. PIRLS och PISA har visat elevers försämrade läsförmågor, vilket även påverkar senare läsframgångar. Även den aktuella debatten om en läskris i Sverige gör ämnesområdet intressant att undersöka. Syftet med litteraturstudien är att granska hur ett urval av vetenskapliga studier beskriver hur lågstadielärare kan utforma tidig läsundervisning i det heterogena klassrummet. Syftet besvaras utifrån frågeställningarna: Vilka undervisningsmetoder har enligt forskning visat sig framgångsrika när det gäller tidig avkodning? Vad är av vikt för lärare att kunna för att stötta elevers potentiella avkodningssvårigheter och tidiga läsinlärning? Efter strukturerade sökningar i databaser, söktjänster och tidskrifter analyserades 14 vetenskapliga källor, både internationella och nationella. Analysen identifierade flera undervisningsmetoder som visat sig framgångsrika för elevers avkodningsförmåga, alla med explicita inslag. Det har blivit tydligt att en strukturerad avkodningsundervisning med phonics, samt undervisning med multisensoriska inslag kan åstadkomma positiva effekter för elevers tidiga läsinlärning. Även samspelet mellan av- och inkodning kan nyttjas för att stärka den tidiga avkodningen. Litteraturstudien har även undersökt vilka lärarkompetenser inom den tidiga läsundervisningen de vetenskapliga källorna lyft fram. Efter analys av studierna har det visats att den tidiga läsundervisningen påverkas av lärares engagemang, intresse och kunskaper.