Publikationer från Högskolan i Jönköping
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Experiences of self-care for type 1 diabetes in young people
No full textBakgrund: Diabetes mellitus typ 1 (DMT1) är en autoimmun sjukdom som ofta debuterar i ung ålder och innebär att kroppens förmåga att producera insulin upphör. Sjukdomen kräver en daglig egenvård för att kunna upprätthålla blodsockerkontroll samt förebygga eventuella komplikationer. För unga personer mellan 10–30 år kan egenvården vara särskilt utmanande till följd av livsförändringar, sociala aspekter och strävan efter självständighet. Syfte: Att beskriva unga personers upplevelser av egenvård vid DMT1. Metod: En litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ metod och induktiv ansats. Artikelsökning genomfördes via databaserna MEDLINE och CINAHL som genererade i 13 resultatartiklar. Artiklarna analyserades i enlighet med Fribergs femstegsmodell (Friberg, 2017). Resultat: Unga personers upplevelser av egenvård vid DMT1 präglades av en balans mellan ansvar och utmaningar. Delar som motivation, självständighet och stöd från omgivningen gjorde hanteringen av sjukdomen enklare att upprätthålla. Däremot försvårades egenvården till följd av sociala utmaningar, bristande kunskap och otillräckligt stöd. Likaså känslor av rädsla och oro påverkade följsamheten negativt. Slutsats: Egenvård innebar en komplex balans mellan känslor, ansvar och social tillhörighet. Autonomi och stöd från omgivningen var avgörande för att upprätthålla en välfungerande hantering av sin sjukdom. Förmågan att skapa dagliga rutiner och känna kontroll bidrog till motivation, medan bristande vardaglig struktur samt känslomässig belastning kunde försvåra hanteringen. Studien lyfter vikten av individanpassade insatser och personcentrerat stöd för att stärka unga personers delaktighet i sin vård.Background: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that often begins at a young age and results in the body’s inability to produce insulin. The condition requires daily self- care to maintain blood glucose control and prevent potential complications. For young individuals between the ages of 10–30, self-care can be particularly challenging due to life transitions, social aspects and the pursuit of independence. Aim: To describe young people’s experiences of self- care in T1DM. Method: A literature review with a qualitative method and an inductive approach. Article searches were conducted in the MEDLINE and CINAHL databases, resulting in 13 included studies. The data analysis was performed in accordance with Friberg’s five-step model (Friberg, 2017). Results: Young individuals’ experiences of self-care in T1DM were characterized by a balance between responsibility and challenges. Factors such as motivation, independence and support from others made managing the disease easier. However, self-care was hindered by social challenges, lack of knowledge and insufficient support. Feelings of fear and anxiety also negatively affected adherence. Conclusion: self-care involved a complex balance between emotions, responsibility and social belonging. Autonomy and support from the surrounding environment were crucial for maintaining effective self-management. The ability to establish daily routines and experience a sense of control contributed to motivation, while a lack of everyday structure and emotional strain could hinder management. The study highlights the importance of individualized interventions and person-centered support to enhance young people’s participation in their care
How Do You Want To Watch This? : Enhancing Viewer Engagement Through Visual Information Overlays in TTRPG Livestreams
No full textDifferent types of visual information overlays are increasingly used in different live streamed contexts to help convey key information and statistics. In the tabletop role playing game live stream scene, overlays have been commonly used for multiple years, however, their impact on viewer engagement remains unclear. 25 participants watched a 15-minute actual play Dungeons and Dragons clip under one of three conditions: a high-density overlay, a low-density overlay, or no overlay. Engagement was measured with the Narrative Engagement Scale (NES), yielding an overall score and four facets: Narrative Understanding, Attentional Focus, Narrative Presence, and Emotional Engagement. Objective comprehension was assessed via objective questions on game details. The usability was also evaluated among overlay viewers. Results from the user testing showed a significant increase in engagement when it comes to narrative understanding of the content, and a non-significant increase in general engagement as measured by the NES, but with a moderate effect size (η² = .174). Post-hoc tests of narrative engagement showed that both of the tested overlays significantly improved compared to the control group, but did not produce a significant difference between the two overlay versions. The perceived usability of the overlay was significantly higher in the low‐density condition than in the high‐density condition in terms of clarity, ease of use, and lower levels of distraction. The findings suggest that overlays do greatly enhance narrative comprehension engagement for viewers. However, adding excessive detail offers no further benefit and may instead hinder clarity and distract the viewers from the video content. Future research should further investigate the effects of longer form content and how different types of visualizations and overlays can provide different effects on viewers' engagement
Generative AI in Programming Courses : Understanding University Student Usage and Learning Impact
No full textAs generative AI (genAI) tools like ChatGPT become increasingly integrated into educational contexts, understanding their role in programming education is necessary. While existing research focused largely on the technical performance of genAI tools, there is limited insight into how such tools affect learning outcomes in code-writing contexts. This thesis investigates how university students use genAI tools for code- writing in programming courses. Drawing on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Self-Determination Theory (SDT), and Bloom’s Taxonomy, the research explored three main questions: how students use AI tools, what motivates them, and whether the AI enhance or hinder their ability to write and understand code. A mixed- method approach was used, including a controlled user study (N = 22), a post-study survey (N = 22), and semi-structured interviews (N = 10) with students at Jönköping University. The findings showed that programming experience and motivation play a key role in how students work with AI. Beginners more likely copied code without changes, while experienced students often modified and improved the code. Students driven by extrinsic motivation used AI more passively, while those with intrinsic motivation engaged with it more actively. While AI tools can make coding tasks easier, they may also reduce deeper learning if not used thoughtfully. Based on the results, a guideline with recommendations for educators on how to support students in using AI tools in ways that build programming skills and independent thinking was developed
Girls and Women in Sex Trafficking. : A Scoping Review of Risk Factors, Consequences and Support Measures
No full textBackground: Sex trafficking, together with forced labor, are the two biggest forms of human trafficking. Girls and women who are the most common victims of sex trafficking live under extremely vulnerable conditions. Their bodies are used as objects, to generate economic profit for human traffickers. Due to hidden figures, it is difficult to estimate the number of people exposed to sex trafficking, making it hard to combat. Purpose: The study aims to identify the most common causes behind girls and women becoming victims of sexual exploitation, address the consequences of sex trafficking for those affected and analyze the measures society should take, both in terms of prevention and support after the exploitation has occurred. Method: Through a scoping-review, 12 articles have been compiled. The articles included were found through searches in three different databases, which later were quality-reviewed and resulted in our chosen 12 articles. The articles were coded based on a thematic analysis to identify specific themes. Result: The result was divided into three main themes. The first examines factors that increases the vulnerability to becoming sex trafficked. It highlights structural factors as genders (to be a women), poverty, lack of education and police corruption, as well as individual and social factors as teenage pregnancy, absent parents, dysfunctional home with substance abuse and violence and criminality. The second theme highlights the consequences of being a victim of sex trafficking. Psychologically it can contribute to anxiety, depression, anger, shame, grief and complex post-traumatic stress disorder. Physically it is common with headaches, dizziness, fatigue, gynecological problems and infections, unwanted pregnancies and other sexually transmitted diseases. Socially, it mainly contributes to difficulties in reintegrating into society due to the psychological and physical issues. The third theme highlights what preventive work society can do and what support can be given to the victims afterwards. Preventive efforts in society may include education, cooperation between authorities and legal reforms. The support measures mentioned include, among others, protection and shelter as well as reintegration into society.Bakgrund: Sextrafficking är, tillsammans med tvångsarbete, de två största formerna av människohandel. Inom sextrafficking lever flickor och kvinnor under extremt utsatta förhållanden där de tvingas använda sina kroppar som objekt i syfte att generera ekonomisk vinning för människohandlaren. På grund av att sextrafficking sker i det dolda, blir problemet väldigt svårt att hantera, då det är svårt att ens veta hur många som är utsatta. Syfte: Studien avser att identifiera de vanligaste orsaker till att flickor och kvinnor blir offer för sextrafficking, belysa de konsekvenser som sextrafficking medför för de drabbade samt analysera vilka åtgärder samhället bör vidta, både förebyggande och i stödjande insatser efter att exploateringen har ägt rum. Metod: Genom en scoping-review har 12 artiklar sammanställts. Artiklarna togs fram genom sökningar i tre olika databaser som sedan kvalitetsgranskades och resulterade i de 12 artiklar som valts ut. Artiklarna har kodats utifrån en tematisk analys för att identifiera specifika teman. Resultat: Resultatet delades in i tre huvudteman. Det första temat behandlar faktorer som ökar sårbarheten för att hamna i trafficking. Där lyfts strukturella faktorer som kön (att vara kvinna), fattigdom, bristande utbildning och poliskorruption, samt individuella och sociala faktorer som tonårsgraviditeter, frånvarande föräldrar, dysfunktionella hem med missbruk samt våld och kriminalitet. Det andra temat lyfter konsekvenserna av att ha varit offer för sextrafficking. Psykiskt kan det bidra till ångest, depression, ilska, skam, sorg samt komplex posttraumatiskt stressyndrom. Fysiskt är det vanligt med huvudvärk, yrsel, trötthet, gynekologiska besvär och infektioner, oönskade graviditeter och andra sexuella sjukdomar. Socialt bidrar det främst till svårigheter att återintegreras in i samhället på grund av de fysiska och psykiska besvären. Det tredje temat lyfter vad samhället kan göra förebyggande och vilket stöd som kan ges efter. Förebyggande kan samhället exempelvis arbeta med utbildning, samarbete mellan myndigheter och juridiska reformer. De stödåtgärder som lyfts är bland annat skydd och tak över huvudet samt återintegrering i samhället
WASH and Food Security: : An analysis of water governance in Bolivia
No full textHaving access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) is an essential human right that nowadays, billions of people still lack, which increases malnutrition and the risk of waterborne diseases. It is important to highlight that food security is not only about food availability but is also about the utilisation and the need for effective nutrient absorption, which has been jeopardised due to poor WASH conditions, especially in low- and middle-income countries. In Bolivia, climate change effects and economic instability worsen water management and food security challenges, from droughts to floods, agriculture has been threatened, and therefore, the undernourishment index has increased. This study examines Bolivia’s water policies over the past decade to assess their evolution from rhetorical commitments to measurable integration of WASH and food security. Using frameworks from Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP), United Nations’ High-Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition (HLPE) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), sixteen national policies and strategies were analysed to understand their alignment with constitutional and international goals, including the SDGs. Despite the strong link between WASH and food security, Bolivia’s water policies show fragmented policy integration of these elements, with hygiene being the least addressed aspect, with strong political commitment but weak institutional coordination. Additionally, this study contrasts Bolivia’s water governance with two external cases: Nepal and Jordan–Lebanon to illustrate the impact of how water governance structures can either strengthen public health or expose populations to preventable risks. On one hand, Nepal’s Multi-Sector Nutrition Plan II shows how they successfully reduced child malnutrition and improved hygiene through strong coordination, linking access to safe water to stunting, and tracking budgets across sectors. On the other hand, the Jordan and Lebanon case shows that the risk of rapid wastewater reuse without proper water-quality and food-safety standards can lead to disease outbreaks like hepatitis A and cholera. This research underscores the necessity of a shift in Bolivia’s water narrative from infrastructure‐centred mindset to real, inclusive, multi-sector governance that integrates WASH and food security in comprehensive planning, looking for the long term to address human health concerns as waterborne diseases in the forthcoming Water Resources Plan (2026-2030)
The pediatric nurse’s experiences of parents’ participation in the child’s care in the neonatal care unit : A qualitative interview study
No full textBakgrund: Tio procent av de barn som föds i Sverige behöver vårdas på en neonatalavdelning. När barnsjuksköterskan gör föräldrarna delaktiga i barnets vård ses positiva effekter både för barnets och föräldrarnas välmående, men också för anknytningen dem emellan. Trots det saknas kunskap om hur barnsjuksköterskan främjar föräldrars delaktighet på neonatalavdelningen. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva barnsjuksköterskans erfarenheter av att göra föräldrar delaktiga i barnets vård på neonatalavdelningen. Metod: Vid genomförandet av examensarbetet tillämpades kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats. Urvalet utgjordes av sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med barnsjuksköterskor från sex olika sjukhus i Sverige. Dataanalysen genomfördes med manifest innehållsanalys enligt Elo och Kyngäs. Resultat: Två huvudkategorier framkom i resultatet. Den första belyste att barnsjuksköterskans stödjande roll på neonatalavdelningen har stor betydelse för föräldrars delaktighet, i form av att tidigt inkludera, lyssna in, bjuda in och ge information till föräldrarna samt att i största möjliga mån inte separera familjen. Den andra huvudkategorin belyste hur omgivningens betydelse på neonatalavdelningen spelar en stor roll, där en anpassad vårdmiljö och ett anpassat arbetssätt var viktiga faktorer för att främja delaktighet. Slutsats: Barnsjuksköterskan har genom familjecentrerad vård en viktig roll i att stödja föräldrarna för att främja delaktighet. För att möjliggöra delaktighet har omgivningen på neonatalavdelningen stor betydelse. Genom delaktighet stärks anknytningen mellan barnet och föräldrarna, vilket har positiva hälsoeffekter för såväl barn som förälder.Background: Ten percent of newborns born in Sweden require neonatal care. When the pediatric nurse involves parents in the child's care, positive effects are seen for both the well-being of the child and the parent, but also for the attachment between them. Despite this, there is a lack of knowledge regarding how the pediatric nurse promotes parental involvement in the NICU. Aim: The aim was to describe the pediatric nurses’ experiences of involving parents in the child's care in the NICU. Method: A qualitative method with an inductive approach was applied in the implementation of the thesis. The sample consisted of seven semi-structured interviews with pediatric nurses from six differens hospitals in Sweden. The data analysis was carried out using manifest content analysis. Result: Two main categories emerged from the results. The first highlighted how the supportive role of the pediatric nurse in the NICU is of great importance for parents’ participation, in terms of listening, inviting and providing information to the parents and not separating the family. The second main category highlighted how the importance of the environment in the NICU plays a major role, where an adapted care environment and working method were important factors to promoting participation. Conclusion: The pediatric nurse plays an important role in supporting parents through familycentered care to promote parental involvement. The surroundings in the NICU play a significant role in facilitating such involvement. Through active participation, the attachment between the child and the parents is strengthened, which has positive health effects for both the child and the parents
“The door shall always be open, adolescents can’t choose when they’re feeling mentally unwell” : A qualitative interview study on school nurses' experiences of working preventively with adolescents' mental health
No full textBakgrund: En femtedel av världens ungdomar uppfyller kriterierna för psykisk ohälsa och den fjärde största orsaken till död i den här åldersgruppen är genom suicid. Skolprestation och skolans miljö bidrar till att ungdomars psykiska hälsa påverkas negativt. Elevhälsan består av ett team som inkluderar lärare, skolsköterska, skolläkare och kurator, där teamet tillsammans arbetar för att skapa en trygg skolmiljö. Målet med elevhälsan är att främja ungdomars psykiska hälsa, lärande och utveckling genom exempelvis tidig rådgivning och samtalsstöd. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva skolsköterskors erfarenhet av att arbeta hälsofrämjande för att förebygga ungdomarnas psykiska ohälsa på högstadiet. Metod: Kvalitativ design med induktiv ansats användes. En semistrukturerad intervjustudie genomfördes och datan analyserades genom kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim & Lundman (2004). Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i tre huvudkategorier; Skolsköterskors relationsbyggande arbete, Skolsköterskors interprofessionella arbete, Skolsköterskors verktyg och arbetssätt. Skolsköterskorna beskriver att deras roll är avgörande för att skapa en trygg och stödjande miljö för ungdomar, där förtroende och engagemang är centralt. Vidare understryks betydelsen av tillgänglighet, samarbete med elevhälsan och skolpersonal samt att arbeta med hälsofrämjande insatser och hälsosamtal för att stödja ungdomarnas välmående. Slutsats: Skolsköterskor upplever ökad psykisk ohälsa bland unga och betonar vikten av relationer, tillgänglighet och samarbete för att främja elevhälsan.Background: One-fifth of the world's youth meet the criteria for mental illness, and the fourth leading cause of death in this age group is suicide. School performance and the school environment contribute to negatively impacting young people's mental health. Student health services consist of a team that includes teachers, school nurses, school doctors, and counselors, where the team works together to create a safe school environment. The goal of student health services is to promote young people's mental health, learning, and development through, for example, early counseling and talking support. Aim: The aim was to describe school nurses' experiences of working with health-promoting initiatives to prevent mental health issues among adolescents in middle school. Method: A qualitative design with an inductive approach was employed. A semi-structured interview study was conducted, and the data were analyzed through qualitative manifest content analysis as per Graneheim & Lundman (2004). Results: The results are presented in three maincategories: School nurses' relationship-building work, School nurses' interprofessional collaboration, and School nurses' tools and working methods. The school nurses describe their role as crucial in creating a safe and supportive environment for adolescents, where trust and engagement are central. Furthermore, the importance of accessibility, collaboration with the student health services and school staff, as well as working with health-promoting interventions and health dialogues to support young people's well-being, is emphasized. Conclusion: School nurses report an increase in mental health issues among young people and underscore the importance of relationships, accessibility, and collaboration in promoting student health services
School nurse's experiences working with overweight and obesity in primary school
No full textHälsa är en grundläggande rättighet och relateras till barns yttre och inre förutsättningar enligt WHO. Antalet elever med övervikt och obesitas i grundskolan ökar, vilket framhäver skolans viktiga roll i det hälsofrämjande och det förbyggande arbetet. Skolsköterskans kärnkompetenser kan, tillsammans med Swanson omvårdnadsteori, vägleda och vara en del i det hälsofrämjande arbetet. Skolsköterskan är en av få professioner som träffar varje elev enskilt och har därför en unik möjlighet att tidigt upptäcka övervikt och obesitas. Trots god kännedom om Iso-BMI, riskfaktorer, levnadsvanor och psykologiska aspekter som kan ligga grund för utveckling av övervikt och obesitas finns det ingen samlad praxis som stöttar elevhälsans medicinska insats i detta arbete, vilket också innebär att elevernas möjlighet till hjälp, stöd och tidiga insatser inte ser likadant ut över hela landet.Health is a fundamental right and is related to children's external and internal conditions according to WHO. The number of overweight and obese students in primary school is increasing, which highlights the important role of school nurse’s work in health promotion and prevention. The school nurse's core competencies can, together with Swanson's theory of caring can, guide and be part of the health promotion work. The school nurse is one of the few professions that meets each student individually and therefore has a unique opportunity to detect overweight and obesity early. Despite good knowledge of Iso-BMI, risk factors, lifestyle habits and psychological aspects that can form the basis for the development of overweight and obesity, there is no unified practice that supports the medical efforts of student health in this work. Which also means that students' opportunities for help, support and early interventions do not look the same across the country
Key Performance Indicators Supporting the Green Transition in Manufacturing Companies
No full textPurpose: This thesis investigates how environmental Key Performance Indicators related to production systems are reported in the sustainability disclosures of major manufacturing companies in Sweden. The study examines which production-related environmental KPIs are emphasized, how these are categorized across themes such as emissions, energy, materials, waste, and water, and how companies align their reporting with ESG frameworks. The purpose is to understand the role of KPI reporting in supporting the green transition and to highlight challenges in achieving transparency and comparability. Method: A qualitative document study was conducted, analyzing the latest sustainability reports from ten of Sweden’s largest manufacturing companies. Data collection involved extracting environmental KPIs and identifying referenced ESG frameworks. The analysis followed an inductive approach, applying thematic grouping for KPI categorization and qualitative content analysis to assess framework usage and integration. Findings: The results showed that emissions KPIs were the most emphasized, followed by energy-related indicators, while material, waste, and water were less consistently reported. This focus reflects alignment with international climate targets, even though the green transition extends beyond emissions. KPI quantity did not necessarily reflect stronger sustainability commitment; instead, the depth and clarity of reporting mattered more. Regarding frameworks, most companies relied on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), while a transition toward the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) was observed. The Science-Based Targets initiative (SBTi) was referenced by all companies as part of climate strategies, underscoring the central role of emission reduction commitments. Overall, framework usage varied, reflecting both regulatory influence and company priorities. Implications: The findings suggest that while manufacturing companies in Sweden increasingly disclose production-related environmental data, inconsistencies in KPI selection and framework integration limit comparability. The transition from GRI to ESRS points toward stronger regulatory alignment and standardized reporting across the EU. The study contributes insights into how sustainability reporting practices are evolving and highlights the importance of production-focused KPI reporting for advancing the green transition. Limitations: The study analyzed a sample of ten large Swedish manufacturers, which limits generalizability to other sectors and countries. The analysis was based on publicly available reports without triangulation from internal company data. Future research could adopt sector-specific or quantitative approaches, assess stakeholder perspectives, or compare reported KPIs with operational data
