Publikationer från Högskolan i Jönköping
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When enviromental regulations knock on the door
No full textPurpose The purpose of the study is to investigate the factors driving uncertainty in the implementation of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) within a global retail company, as well as to analyze how employees manage these uncertainties in practice. By identifying the key drivers of uncertainty and the measures taken in response, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of the organizational challenges associated with implementing complex environmental regulations. Method The study is a single-case study with an abductive approach. Data was collected through seven semi-structured interviews and document analysis within the case company. The collected material was analyzed thematically, supported by theoretical frameworks, to identify patterns related to the implementation of CBAM. Findings The results show that the main factors driving uncertainty were identified as a late project start, unclear interpretation of regulations, poor data quality, and ambiguous areas of responsibility. The measures taken included internal collaboration, competence development, system adjustments, and external communication with suppliers. The study reveals that the change process was characterized by reactivity and improvisation, but that the measures gradually led to increased clarity and coordination. Implications The study contributes theoretical insights by showing how change models can be combined with sensemaking, institutional theory, and compliance management to understand implementation in uncertain environments. Practically, the study offers guidance for companies facing the implementation of complex regulations, highlighting that structured communication, clear responsibilities, and early activation are crucial to reducing uncertainty. Limitations As the study is a single-case study conducted within one company, its generalizability is limited. The interviews were primarily conducted with individuals in managerial positions, which influenced the perspectives that were highlighted. Furthermore, the study focuses solely on the implementation phase and does not consider the long-term effects or outcomes of CBAM. Limited access to financial data and internal control systems further constrained the analysis. Keywords CBAM, Change Management, Implementation, Sensemaking, Uncertaint
Produktutveckling av kattmatsautomat : Från ideskapande till slutkoncept
No full textThis work covers a complete product development process from creation of the idea for a new product to an elaborated concept. The project is ordered by a company that deliver pet products under a few different brands, the brand that that this work is focused on is their cat brand that supplies food, snacks and cat litter, they want to expand their supply with more products. The type of product was not decided at the start of the project, so the first step was to find out which needs the users had. Interviews with cat owners were performed to find out what problems they experience connected to taking care of their pets. The market was scanned to find out if there were any needs that weren’t satisfied with existing products. The process showed that there were some needs that wasn’t satisfied or satisfied in a poor way. The problem description that was chosen to find a solution for was ´there is no one that can feed the cat when the owner isn’t at home’ and ´the owner forgets to feed the cat´. Both could be solved by one and same product, an automatic cat feeder. There are many feeders on the market for dry feed, but few for wet feed which is the type of feed that the brand sells. The problem with wet feed is that once the packing is opened the food must be consumed within a few hours before it starts to go rancid if it isn’t chilled or kept in an airtight container. The existing products requires many steps by the user and has low capacity which leaves the product type with large room for improvement. The product developed in this project will solve the problem in a new and innovative way compared to how existing products does.
Design for Automatic Assembly from a product platform perspective : Development of a framework to increase the automation potential of product families
No full textBackground & Purpose The increasing demand for automation in manufacturing requires a structured approach tointegration of Design for Automatic Assembly (DFAA) at a product family level. However, therelationship between Product Platform Design (PPD) and DFAA remains underexplored. This study aims to develop a framework that enhances the automation potential of product familiesby systematically linking PPD and DFAA. Methodology The research follows Design Research Methodology (DRM), ensuring a structured and iterativeapproach. The approach consists of four phases: Research Clarification (RC), Descriptive StudyI (DS-I), Prescriptive Study I (PS- I) and Descriptive Study II (DS- II). Findings The study identifies critical factors influencing automation potential, including modularity,commonality, and interface compatibility within product families. The developed frameworkprovides a structured process for improving automation feasibility, aiding design engineers inthe design process of products. Conclusion & Implications By linking PPD and DFAA through DRM, this research provides an improvement potential toautomation readiness in product families. The framework enables design engineers toimplement DFAA guidelines on a product family level and thus enhancing the collaborationbetween R&D and production at manufacturing companies
Designprocessen för ett loungebord
No full textThis thesis investigates the design and development of a lounge table made exclusively from damaged spruce wood, with the ambition to explore sustainable and meaningful furniture design within an industrial context. The project addresses the central research question: How can a lounge table be designed to embody meaning while balancing desirability, feasibility, viability, and sustainability? In collaboration with the design company Sense By Us, a design process was initiated that followed a human-centered and iterative structure. The work integrates theoretical perspectives from industrial design, design thinking, product development, perception theory, and sustainability frameworks. The project began with research and ideation, followed by concept development, 3D modeling, physical mock-ups, and ultimately the production of a full-scale prototype. The design process placed high emphasis on material limitations, aiming to elevate the aesthetic and structural value of wood that would otherwise be considered waste. Throughout the development stages, reflection-in-action was applied to guide decisions and evaluate progress, combining practical craftsmanship with design theory. The final result is a lounge table that merges a sculptural organic wooden base with a contrasting oval glass top, expressing a harmony between form, material, and function. While the prototype successfully embodies the project's values and aesthetic goals, full validation with users could not be carried out due to time constraints and external limitations. Nevertheless, the thesis outlines a clear path for future validation methods, such as focus groups and collaboration with interior professionals. The work contributes to the field of industrial and sustainable design by demonstrating how damaged materials can be reimagined into high-value products through a rigorous and reflective design process
Exploring AI-Based Emotion Recognition in Swedish: Speech, Text, and Vocal Markers
No full textThis thesis investigates emotion recognition in Swedish speech through a multimodal approach using AI models. Combining speech-based and text-based analysis with self-assessed emotion scores from participants in semi-structured interviews, this study addresses three research questions: (1) How does AI-model for speech emotion recognition compare to research on vocal markers for emotions in Swedish speech?; (2) What similarities and differences emerge between emotions detected from audio features and from the textual transcripts of the same speech data?; (3) How do AI-generated emotion labels (speech & text-based) compare to self-reported emotions? To answer these questions, data was collected in form of spontaneous speech from interviews, resulting in a more naturalistic dataset than acted datasets which are largely used in research. The results from analysing the collected data revealed partial alignments between vocal features and the speech-based AI model, Hume AI, as well as strongly suggesting some emotions are more difficult to detect due. The text-based AI model, NLP Cloud, proved to better align with the self-assessed scores, indicating that the textual context gave important cues more consistently than vocal features alone. The results highlighted the importance of a multimodal approach to capture a wider range of emotional expressions. Contributing to the fields of affective computing and natural language processing particularly by using spontaneous speech over an acted dataset, this study gives a deeper understanding in emotion recognition applied to the Swedish language
A study of the structural engineers sustainability work with it's accompanying challenges at the project design phase
No full textIntroduction – The construction sector stands for a significant part of Sweden's climate impact and has great opportunities to influence the country´s climate emissions. In order to achieve Sweden's climate policy framework by the year of 2045, it is required that the industry takes its responsibility. Since a buildings structure stands for 60 percent of the building's total emissions, the structural engineer can have a crucial role for the building's climate impact. This study examines how the structural engineer's sustainability work is affected by the fact that the work is usually initiated after important decisions and frameworks are set. The goal of this study is to get structural engineers more involved in the sustainability work. Method – In order to investigate the structural engineer's sustainability work, a qualitative study has been applied. The study's data collection method consisted of semi-structured interviews that were held with both structural engineers and developers. The data collection was analyzed with a thematic analysis to identify patterns and connections in the interview responses. The study's credibility was ensured through careful method choices. The collaboration with PE Teknik & Arkitektur has contributed to the study with both supervision and contacts to the data collection. Results and analysis – The structural engineer can influence the sustainability of construction projects through material choices and to construct an effective material usage in the structural frame but currently has limited possibilities to do so. The structural engineer consider that they should get involved earlier in the building process, compared to when they normally get involved. Additional factors that affect the structural engineer's sustainability work are the type of contract, economy and the developer's demand. In the developer's point of view, it is considered that it would be good with an earlier involvement of the structural engineer. At the same time divided opinions appears from the developers side regarding whether the structural engineer's earlier involvement can lead to a more sustainable construction. The developers rely on the architect in the early project stages and assume that the architect has sufficient knowledge about sustainability. The structural engineers on the other hand consider that an earlier involvement leads to better cooperation between the actors, greater opportunities to influence the materials of the structure and better conditions for the sustainability work. In order for the structural engineer to get involved earlier, it requires a more clear demand setting from the developer. Discussion – The study results align with previous research as well as the theoretical framework, and all research questions are considered answered. It is clearly shown that the structural engineers' sustainability work is limited in the project design phase and that an earlier involvement would have reduced the limitations. To enable such involvement, financial incentives, clearer requirements from the developer, and a working methodology that promotes collaboration between stakeholders already in the early stages are required
Applying Decoupling Thinking in Logistics Service Providers : How the material flows of B2B Logistics Service Providers can be improved by using decoupling thinking constructs
No full textThis study investigates how the Customer Order Decoupling Point (CODP) concept, long established in manufacturing, can be used by Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) to improve their material flows in a business-to-business (B2B) context. Addressing a gap in the CODP literature, the thesis tackles three questions: it first identifies what are the critical activities in the material flows of B2B Logistics Service Providers for fulfilling customer demands, then examines how can the decoupling thinking constructs be applied in the material flows of B2B Logistics Service Providers and finally explores how can the material flows in the critical activities of B2B Logistics Service Providers be improved by using the decoupling thinking constructs. This empirical study employed semi-structured interviews and passive on-site observations at four LSPs operating in Sweden between March and April 2025. Data were analysed through a hybrid deductive and inductive coding scheme and triangulated across cases, thereby strengthening reliability while safeguarding internal validity. This qualitative approach yielded a rich dataset of more than five hours of interview recordings and fifteen hours of field observations. The analysis shows that Decoupling thinking constructs can be directly mapped onto the four macro-processes that characterise B2B logistics (Inbound, Warehousing, Order Management and Outbound) without altering their conceptual integrity. Although none of the organisations use the label CODP, they already exploit postponement levers such as dynamic order cut-off times, late pallet configuration and contingent transport capacity. Formalising these levers as Decoupling thinking constructs makes their strategic intent explicit and reveals improvement opportunities: pushing demand-information and supply-information decoupling points upstream stabilises forecasts, introducing a floating physical CODP, aligns capacity with real-time demand, and locating the Customer Adaptation Decoupling Point as far downstream as contractual windows permit, thereby expanding customisation without jeopardising throughput. Together, these shifts improve service quality and dependability while cutting premium-freight and buffer-inventory costs. By extending CODP theory into the LSPs context, the thesis provides a practical framework that helps managers distinguish speculative from order-driven activities and offers a roadmap for achieving cumulative gains in quality, dependability, speed, flexibility and cost. Future research should test the framework quantitatively across broader geographic and sectoral settings to refine causal links and enhance generalisability.
Promoting a meaningful everyday life for older adults in nursing homes : Experiences of Assistant nurses
No full textA Case Study on Phishing Email Detection with Large Language Models
No full textPhishing remains a critical cybersecurity threat, increasingly leveraging psychological manipulation and obfuscation to evade traditional detection. This study investigates whether DeepSeek-R1, the advanced large language model (LLM) currently open source, can be fine-tuned to be an effective solution for phishing email detection. Using public datasets from Hugging Face, the model was fine-tuned via the Unsloth framework and tested on both standard and obfuscated phishing samples. The model achieved an accuracy of 83.3%, a precision of 85%, and a recall of 80%, indicating good overall performance. It detected 89% of text-obfuscated and 96% of URL-obfuscated phishing emails, suggesting robust semantic understanding beyond keyword matching. However, challenges remain in minimizing false negatives and adapting to complex spear-phishing scenarios. This case study demonstrates the potential of fine-tuned LLMs for text-based phishing detection and highlights directions for future research in adversarial robustness and multimodal detection integration
Subject literacy in scientific teaching : Teachers' perceptions of subject literacy in non-formal education and its role in multilingual students' learning
No full textSyftet med denna studie är att undersöka lärarnas uppfattningar av ämneslitteracitet i NOundervisningen och dess roll för flerspråkiga elevers lärande i årskurs 4-6. För att samla in data har semistrukturerade intervjuer används, där deltagarna bestod av sex legitimerade NOlärare med erfarenhet av att undervisa i heterogena klassrum. Resultaten visar att ämneslitteracitet handlar om att förstå ämnesspråket samt kunna använda det både muntligt och skriftligt i olika sammanhang. Att flerspråkighet kan vara en möjlighet men i vissa fall kan det vara ett hinder för elevernas lärande och utveckling. Resultaten visar även praktiska utmaningar med att fullt ut inkludera flerspråkighet i No-undervisningen. Lärarna framhåller vikten av att flerspråkiga elever ska får möjligheten att använda sitt förstå språk för att ta till sig kunskap.The purpose of this study is to investigate teachers' perceptions of subject literacy in scientific teaching and its role in multilingual students' learning in grades 4-6. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were used, where the participants consisted of six licensed Noteaching teachers with experience of teaching in heterogeneous classrooms. The results show that subject literacy is about understanding the subject language and being able to use it both orally and in writing in different contexts. That multilingualism can be an opportunity but in some cases it can be an obstacle to students' learning and development. The results also show practical challenges in fully including multilingualism in No-teaching. The teachers emphasize the importance of multilingual students being given the opportunity to use their language of understanding to acquire knowledge