2176 research outputs found
Sort by
MATEMATICA PER LA SANITA' CON APPLICAZIONI
No full textThe Author aims to show how mathematics can be useful in supporting key activities
in a hospital, including: noninvasive measurement of a patient’s status (see chapter 1),
evaluation of quality of services (see chapter 2), business and clinical administration
(see chapter 3), and diagnosis and prognosis (see chapter 4). Such applications suggest
the development of innovative projects to improve health care processes, services and
systems. In this way, mathematics can be a very important tool for technological and
societal development.This thesis is a collection of health care applications of mathematical methods and
models from various disciplines of mathematics. In this way, the Author intends to
show the necessity and benefits of multidisciplinary knowledge as well as the importance
of an attitude to drive innovation by means of mathematical tools, using
probability calculus, numerical analysis, operations research, and other methods.
The integration of mathematics and real-life problems can be very effective. Advanced
mathematics tools allow problems to be solved in innovative ways. From a
theoretical point of view, each application may suggest if and how (in what direction)
the theory on which it is based can be extended. This effort can result not only in
the publication of scientific papers but also in the awarding of grants to continue such
research activities. This thesis is a proof of these claims. It is structured as stand-alone chapters that share a common structure:
an introduction, background and algorithms sections and a target application.QOLITY Design (www.qolitydesign.com
Scariche elettrografiche critiche di natura epilettica focale e percezione delle crisi: studio con EEG dinamico
No full textLa fortuna di Lucrezio a Padova nel secondo Cinquecento
No full textThe thesis deals with the reception of Lucretius' De rerum natura in the late Renaissance Italy. It focuses in particular on readings and commentaries of the Epicurean latin poem among scholars, physicians, lecturers and students at the University of Padua, the most important Italian university during the 16th century and one of the principal cultural centres in early modern Europe. With the support of manuscripts and unpublished documents, the thesis provides new evidences of the wide circulation of both Lucretius' work and Greek atomism in Padua before the arrival of Galileo as mathematician of the Studium and the commonly accepted real beginning of the scientific revolution
Scenari di evoluzione del sistema elettrico italiano con un modello Markal-Times
No full textStoricamente la produzione dell'energia elettrica è stata garantita dai combustibili fossili a cui solo di recente si sono affiancate le fonti rinnovabili. Se le prospettive future di fabbisogno e di disponibilità elettriche destano attenzioni, i continui cambiamenti del contesto mondiale ed europeo di riferimento non permettono di avere un quadro chiaro della strada da percorrere per rispettare l'Accordo di Copenhagen e limitare l'aumento globale della temperatura a 2°C rispetto al periodo pre-industriale, livello ritenuto accettabile. Ciò determina l'indicazione di alcuni vincoli da rispettare, vincoli che spesso si scontrano con la capacità del nostro sistema di garantire la disponibilità energetica di cui necessitiamo, giacchè l'Italia dipende dall'estero per la maggior parte delle risorse fossili impiegate. Il settore elettrico, più di altri settori, risente della necessità di "giocare d'anticipo" ossia di pianificare e programmare come rendere disponibile l'energia non solo per la popolazione e le necessità attuali ma anche per garantire la dispobilità di energia elettrica per le generazioni future. Tali necessità determinano l'esigenza di comprendere come lo scenario elettrico futuro possa evolversi col variare di alcuni elementi, come ad esem pio il perdurare della crisi economica, il mutare del quadro di riferimento politico energetico del nostro Paese, l'impatto di nuove tecnologie sia lato domanda che lato offerta. La tesi è frutto di un percorso triennale di studio ed analisi di possibili evoluzioni del sistema elettrico nazionale
Advanced NMR Methodologies in Cultural Heritage
No full textNMR methodologies were applied and optimized to characterize and monitor Cultural Heritage. The various cases reported, clearly evidence how NMR is not confined to a few specific applications, but its use can be successfully extended to a wide number of different issues regarding Cultural Heritage. In fact NMR is a very powerful tool in the chemical characterization of materials allowing to shed light in the techniques used by artists, and in the knowledge of materials constituting the artifacts. Besides, knowledge of the causes of degradation of artifacts may be achieved by NMR through the study of the chemical-physical transformation and structural modifications due to the ageing. As a matter of fact, NMR investigation may also help in planning proper restoration works.
Portable unilateral NMR was used to quantitatively map in a fully non-invasive way the moisture distribution in the fresco of St. Clement at Mass , a precious and ancient deteriorated wall painting, before and after an intervention to reduce the capillary raise of water through the wall.
A multi-technique approach was used to study a decorated Egyptian wooden sarcophagus (XXV-XXVI dynasty, Third Intermediate Period), belonging to the Museo del Vicino Oriente of Sapienza University of Rome. Portable non-invasive unilateral NMR was applied to evaluate the conservation state of the sarcophagus and to perform an educated sampling to obtain a small amount of materials to be analyzed in laboratory.
A further case regarded the study of the performances of water repellent treatments in porous stones. This study was aimed at answering general questions such as the penetration depth of a water-repellent treatment, its capability to impair the water absorption, how the presence of a treatment may change the open porosity available to the water, and how a treatment may affect the diffusion of water inside a porous structure. Finally, in the case of an ancient Nubian detached mural painting, relaxation times, NMR depth profiles and 13C CPMAS NMR spectroscopy were applied to explain the stratigraphy of the painting. These results provided useful information in planning a suitable restoration project
RUOLO DELLA MELATONINA E DEL PATHWAY SU CUI ESSA AGISCE NELLA REGOLAZIONE DELLA CRESCITA DELL’EPITELIO BILIARE SIA IN CONDIZIONI SPERIMENTALI CHE NELLE COLANGIOPATIE UMANE E NEL COLANGIOCARCINOMA
No full textCholangiocytes are ephitilial cells which line the biliary tree and that in normal condition are mitotically quiescient. Under experimental conditions, such as bile duct ligation (BDL) or in some human cholangiopathies (eg, primary biliary cirrhosis-PBC) cholangiocytes undergo a marked proliferation. A number of factors including Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) regulate biliary tree growth. Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland and other tissues where it acts as a local regulator of growth, as in the gastrointestinal tract. Melatonin exerts its effects through two membrane receptors (MT1 and MT2) and is synthesized from tryptophan by four enzymes: tryptophan-hydroxylase (TPH), aromatic-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), serotonin N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and acetilserotonin- O-methyltransferase (ASMT). Melatonin acts by modulating the expression of Clock genes in the pineal gland. In the liver melatonin reduces oxidative damage. Little information exists about the effects of melatonin on biliary epithelium, therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of melatonin in the regulation of proliferation of biliary epithelium. To this end, we used normal and BDL rats treated or not with: i) melatonin, ii) Arilalkilamina-N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) mistatch and iii) AANAT Vivo Morpholino for 7days and iiii) nude mice injected with the cholangiocarcinoma cell line (Mz-Cha-1) treated or not with melatonin. On liver samples of the experimental models we evaluated: i) the expression of melatonin, the melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and Clock genes, cholangiocytes proliferation and apoptosis, ii) basal and secretin Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and Protein Chinase A (PKA) phosphorylation. In addition, we evaluated the expression of melatonin, its receptors and AANAT also in fragments of normal human liver, cholangiocarcioma and PBC. In vitro, large mouse cholangiocytes (LMC), normal human cholangiocytes (H69) and cholangiocarcinoma cell line (Mz-Cha-1) were treated with melatonin 10-11 M for 48h, plus or minus Luzindole (MT1 antagonist) or cis-4-Phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin(4P-PDOT) (MT1 and MT2 antagonist); Finally, we evaluated the effects of AANAT overexpression in LMC and in Mz-Cha-1 on proliferation, apoptosis and cAMP pathway. The results obtained showed that: cholangiocytes expess AANAT, melatonin and its receptors MT1 and MT2 and Clock genes. Chronic administration of melatonin in vivo decreased cholangiocytes proliferation after BDL, and the down-regulation of AANAT in Normal and BDL AANAT Morpholino treated rats increased proliferation. In vitro, melatonin decreased LMC proliferation, decreased which is blocked by Luzindole but not by (4P-PDOT). Overexpression of AANAT in LMC decreased cholangiocytes proliferation, and the intracellular cAMP levels. The expression of AANAT and melatonin decreased in cholangiocarcinoma, instead increased is the expression of MT1 and MT2. In nude mice injected with CCA cell lines the tumor decreased after treatment with melatonin. Overexpression of AANAT in Mz-Cha-1 decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis. In PBC the expression of AANAT, melatonin and its receptors increased if compared to normal. Based on the results obtained, we can say that melatonin plays an important role in the regulation of cholangiocytes proliferation during cholestatic liver diseases and cholangiocarcinoma
