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Energy harvesting using a magnetostrictive transducer based on switching control
Get PDFIn this works we propose a switching control energy harvesting method using magnetostrictive materials. By combining a magnetostrictive material, an electric circuit, and an electronic switch, large-scale kinetic to electrical energy conversion can be achieved. The magnetostrictive material, magnet bias, and coils constitute an energy transducer, called a magnetostrictive transducer. The electronic switch strategically controls the switching of the circuit state according to an input switching signal. Using numerical simulations, we optimised the parameters and validated the harvesting performance with experimental measurements using a 3.75 m vibrated cantilever truss structure. In 20.0 s, the proposed method achieved an electrical energy of approximately 45 μJ, which is seven times more than that of the conventional passive method.Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (KAKENHI) (grant number 18H01619, 22H01675), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (KAKENHI) (grant number 19K04069), JSPS Core-to-Core Program, A. Advanced Research Networks (JPJSCCA20200005), and JST, the establishment of university fellowships (grant number JPMJFS2102). This research also received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 101007429 (INTAKE)”, specifically for funding the collaborative research involvement for two of this paper’s co-authors: Yu Shi and Yu Jia
Mesoscale regulation of droplet templates to tailor microparticle structures and functions
Get PDFThe hierarchical design of mesoscale structures in droplet templates determines the structure and functionality of the resultant microparticles. In this review, we summarize recent progress on the control of microfluidic emulsion templates for the synthesis of polymeric microparticles with desired functionality and internal structure. We introduce strategies for controlling the morphology and interfacial stability of emulsion templates. These strategies are based on manipulation of the mesoscale structure of amphiphilic molecules and nanoparticles at emulsion-droplet interfaces. We also discuss strategies for controlling the mesoscale structure of microparticles, which involve manipulating the interfacial mass-transfer and chemical reactions during template synthesis. We provide insight on the use of these strategies for the rational design and fabrication of polymeric microparticles with predictable internal structures and functionality at the single-particle level
‘Wishes and feelings’: Misunderstandings and missed opportunities for participation in child protection proceedings
Get PDFThis is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Dillon, J. (2021). ‘Wishes and feelings’: Misunderstandings and missed opportunities for participation in child protection proceedings. Child & Family Social Work, 26(4), 664–676., which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/cfs.12847. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.The gathering of ‘wishes and feelings’ in UK child protection proceedings (s.53 Children Act 2004) should highlight the child's opinion of social work intervention and services provided. However, with no statutory social work guidance on participation
currently in place, children frequently miss opportunities to be involved in their own child protection planning. This paper is drawn from a 3-year study into participation in child protection social work. It includes findings from qualitative interviews,
and one focus group, with social workers, parents, children and participation workers, from three local authorities in the United Kingdom. The findings revealed some examples of significant gaps in service provision, particularly from the perspective
and understanding of the child. The skewed translation of wishes and feelings legislation, along with its subsequent (and often inadequate) application to practice, prevents children from understanding and responding to social work intervention
and can lead to idiosyncratic practice. This paper provides recommendations for a practical response to practitioner dilemmas regarding wishes and feelings and bridges the gap between research and practice
The Social and Reproductive Challenges Faced by Free-Roaming Horse (Equus caballus) Stallions
Get PDFIn captivity, intact male horses, due to their sexual drive, are usually socially isolated from other horses. This lifestyle strongly contrasts with that experienced by horses living in free-roaming, feral, or semi-feral conditions, where adult stallions have several roles in their social group, with successful reproduction being their primary drive. Reproductive skew in wild populations is high; many stallions will fail to reproduce at all, while others achieve high levels of reproductive success, siring a large number of foals. Successful stallions are those with particular characteristics and abilities that facilitate harem formation and tenure, allowing them to successfully take over a harem or establish a new one, protect mares from rival stallions, employ appropriate social behaviour to maintain group cohesion, and avoid kin-mating, for example through kin recognition mechanisms. Whilst the life of free-living stallions is far from stress-free, they retain ancestral adaptations to selection pressures (such as predation and competition) exhibited by their natural environment over thousands of years. Here, we discuss the challenges faced by free-living horse stallions, the roles they play in social groups, and their resulting social needs. By understanding these pressures and how stallions react to them, we highlighted the importance of the social environment for the stallion. It is hoped that a better understanding of wild stallions’ lives will lead to their needs being more clearly met in captivity, reducing stereotypical behaviour and improving welfare
Suicide in probation: Towards the ideation-to-action model
No full textThis article is not available on ChesterRepSuicide in probation services is far higher than the general population. This paper presents secondary analysis of data previously used to evaluate the outcome of delivering psychological treatment to probationers in London. A sample of probation service users who screened positive for clinically significant symptoms of distress and were subsequently assessed and offered treatment ( n = 274) were allocated retrospectively to one of three groups: those with a history of suicidal ideations but no suicide attempts (ideation group), those with a history of a suicidal act (attempt group) or a control group where suicide was not evident (no history group). Results indicate no significant difference between the ideation and the attempt groups, but significant differences between these and the no history group. The findings are discussed within the context of the suicide ideation-to-action models that have been debated in other offender settings. We conclude that a more nuanced understanding of suicidal acts and suicide attempts is required in probation services including a prospective study that tests the ideation-to-action model
Restraints and Enablers of Green initiative-taking among hospitality employees: a mixed-methods approach
Get PDFThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Journal of Sustainable Tourism on 19/04/2023, available online: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09669582.2023.2201411Green initiative-taking, an employee’s self-starting opportunity-seeking action to improve environmental performance is a desirable outcome of organizations’ green policies. Given prior inattention to this area of study, it is unclear what fosters green initiative-taking, and why. This study attempts to answer these questions using a mixed-methods approach. First, an exploratory qualitative study was conducted. Green human resource management, eco-silence, supervisor bottom-line mentality, and co-worker voice emerged as the major themes of employees’ experiences when seeking to engage in green initiative-taking. Second, building on social information processing and social learning theories, a quantitative study proposes a conceptual model of the inter-relationships between the themes that emerged from the first study. Results from a multinational multisource time-lagged quantitative study support most of the hypotheses and shed light on avenues for future research. It suggests that supervisor bottom-line mentality inhibiting green initiative-taking might be standard procedure bottom-line mentality rather than profit bottom-line mentality. Post-hoc, to enhance the study’s applicability, a fuzzy-set analysis was conducted to offer managers the configurations that best yield green initiative-taking among hospitality employees
Why Are Most Humans Right-Handed? The Modified Fighting Hypothesis
Get PDFHumans show a population-level preference for using the right hand. The fighting hypothesis is an influential theory that suggests that left-handedness persists because its rarity provides a surprise advantage in fighting interactions, and that left-handedness is less frequent because it has a health cost. However, evidence for the health cost of left-handedness is unsubstantiated, leaving the greater frequency of right-handers unexplained. Research indicates that homicide may have been common in early hominins. We propose that the hand used to hold a weapon by early hominins could have influenced the outcome of a fight, due to the location of the heart and aorta. A left-handed unilateral grip exposes the more vulnerable left hemithorax towards an opponent, whereas a right-hand unilateral grip exposes the less vulnerable right hemithorax. Consequently, right-handed early ancestors, with a preference for using the right forelimb in combat, may have had a lower risk of a mortal wound, and a fighting advantage. This would explain their greater frequency. In accordance with the original fighting hypothesis, we also suggest that left-handed fighters have a surprise advantage when they are rare, explaining their persistence. We discuss evidence for the modified fighting hypothesis, its predictions, and ways to test the theory
Care givers experiences of caring for people with intellectual disability and dementia: a qualitative evidence synthesis
Get PDF© [2022, Emerald Publishing Limited]. This AAM is provided for your own personal use only. It may not be used for resale, reprinting, systematic distribution, emailing, or for any other commercial purpose without the permission of the publisherThis paper aims to identify the lived experience of anxiety from people with intellectual disabilities and being co-design partners in developing a multi component approach to the management of anxiety.
Design/methodology/approach
The development of an anxiety manual and programme was part of a service development which allowed existing and establish psychological therapies be adapted for people with intellectual disabilities. A qualitative approach was used to understand the views of people who experience anxiety on a daily basis. The feedback generated was used to make modifications to the manuals and anxiety management programme.
Findings
The study has demonstrated the value of involving people with intellectual disabilities in co-production of an anxiety management programme. Additional findings identified the rea life challenges and experiences of the impact anxiety has on people’s lives
Crisis Resolution Home Treatment Team Clinicians’ Perceptions of Using a Recovery Approach With People With a Diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder
Get PDFThis is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [Taylor, T., Stockton, S. & Bowen, M. (2023). Crisis Resolution Home Treatment Team Clinicians’ perceptions of using a Recovery Approach with people with a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 10(3), 558-567], which has been published in final form at [https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12891]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.Introduction: People with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) are often in contact with mental health services at a point of crisis and in the UK this includes Crisis Resolution Home Treatment teams (CRHTT). There is a drive for services to be recovery orientated, however, there is little evidence about the degree to which community services achieve this for people with a diagnosis of BPD when in crisis.
Research aim: To understand the perceptions held by CRHTT clinicians about their provision of recovery-orientated acute care, for people with a diagnosis of BPD.
Method: From a purposive sample of a single CRHTT, seven registered mental health nurses were interviewed and Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis framework was used to interpret the data.
Results: Five themes emerged: person-centred care; the timing is wrong; inconsistent staffing; the risks are too great; and BPD as a label.
Discussion: The results demonstrate tensions between a drive to deliver person-centred care and a range of challenges that inhibit this, with the possibility of re-framing a recovery approach as ‘recovery-ready’.
Implications for practice: A whole-systems approach is required to enable a consistent recovery-oriented approach, but research is also needed for brief interventions specific to this context
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