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Depth and temperature profiles reflect individual differences in the daytime diving behaviours of pelagic thresher sharks
Get PDF© 2023 Oliver, Grothues, Mayo, Williams, Silvosa and CasesWe used acoustic telemetry to investigate the roles of depth and temperature in the daytime foraging behaviours of 13 tagged pelagic thresher sharks by monitoring their fine scale vertical movements in the Philippines. Cumulatively, pelagic thresher shark dives traversed the entire water column where they encountered temperatures that ranged from 33oC at the surface to 12oC at 250m depths throughout the day, but the movements of individuals varied in the extent of both their deep and shallow water limits. Dives were not synchronized to diurnal cycles, and periodicity reflected cycles of similar dives, the dives themselves, deviations, cruising, and individuality. Pelagic thresher shark movements between the warm surface layer and cooler waters below the thermocline (155 – 175 m) may reflect a common Alopiid strategy that balances maintaining tolerable ambient water temperatures with opportunities to search for and forage on spatially patchy distributions of prey
Exploring the interplay between fat talk, social media use and body image among young women: New opportunities for health education?
No full textThis article is not available on ChesterRepBackground: ‘Fat Talk’, or the act of negatively discussing one’s own or another person’s body, is linked to body image constructs, body dissatisfaction, low self-esteem and disordered eating. The spaces in which young women talk about the body are changing, as social media use escalates. Understanding the interplay between social media use, body image and fat talk, in different contexts, is needed. Method: Focus group interviews were used to explore how young women (aged 15–19) experience fat talk while using social media and the possible effect on body image constructs. Using purposive convenience sampling, young women who regularly used social media and were living in an inner city of England were recruited. Thematic analysis was used for analysis and six themes were identified, both a priori and inductively, to explore the interplay between them. Findings: Over 35 women were successfully recruited into the study, with 18 of these finally participating in focus group interviews. Among participants, social media use was linked to increased self-evaluation of the body, engagement in social comparative behaviour and negative self-talk about the body. Although fat talk was reportedly common and widespread, it was unacceptable in the online space. However, body talk, other than size or shape, was permissible. Conclusion: Fat talk can be divisive; however, if it becomes unacceptable in the online space, negative self-talk may increase. If fat talk is replaced by an all-encompassing ‘body talk’, then this too may exacerbate existing pressures on young people and their mental health and well-being. Understanding the relationship between social media, body dissatisfaction and body talk may provide new opportunities for health education to promote a more constructive prevention discourse of the body, including body talk, in or around the online space
Der Aufstand vom 17. Juni 1953 im kollektiven Gedächtnis und Bewusstsein der Magdeburger vor 1990
No full textThe book chapter is not available on ChesterRepEine Untersuchung und Analyse der kollektiven Erinnerung an den Aufstand vom 17. Juni 1953 unter Bürgern der Stadt Magdeburg
Co-design and development of a multi-component anxiety management programme for people with an intellectual disability
Get PDF© [Copyright © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited]. This AAM is provided for your own personal use only. It may not be used for resale, reprinting, systematic distribution, emailing, or for any other commercial purpose without the permission of the publisher.Purpose – This paper aims to understand the lived experience of people with intellectual disability ofvtheir anxiety and of being co-design partners in developing a multi-component approach to the management of anxiety.
Design/methodology/approach – The development of an anxiety manual and programme was part of a service development which allowed existing and established psychological therapies to be adapted for people with intellectual disability. A qualitative approach was used to better understand the views of people who experienced anxiety on a daily basis. The feedback generated was used to make modifications to the manuals and the anxiety management programme.
Findings – The study has demonstrated the value of involving people with intellectual disability in the coproduction of an anxiety management programme. Additional findings identified the real-life challenges and experiences of the impact anxiety has on people’s lives.
Originality/value – To our knowledge, this is the first study to involve people with intellectual disability in developing an anxiety management programme as co-production partners. This paper underlines the value of understanding and involving people as co-production partners in developing clinical interventions
Heuristic assessment of psychological interventions in schools (HAPI Schools)
Get PDFThis is the peer reviewed version of the following article: [Platt, I. A., Kannangara, C., Carson, J., & Tytherleigh, M. (2021). Heuristic assessment of psychological interventions in schools (HAPI Schools). Psychology in the Schools, 58, 1399–1415], which has been published in final form at [https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.22527]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.Children spend more time in school than in any other formal setting and, with mental illness in children on the rise, there is
more pressure on schools to intervene in student mental health than ever before. In the current study, two phases of
semi-structured interviews were conducted with school leaders and special educational needs coordinators (Phase
1, N = 23; Phase 2, N = 11), to investigate first‐hand experiences in dealing with student mental illness. Thematic analysis, drawing on Grounded Theory, was used to identify themes. The results identified deprivation as one of the main
causes of mental ill‐health in students, with insufficient budgets, inappropriate mental health services, and overly long
waiting times as barriers to intervention. Difficulties in identifying appropriate mental health interventions to use in
school were also reported. The authors propose a simple four‐point heuristic, for assessing the quality of school‐based
mental health interventions to be used by school staff, so that educators can more readily identify appropriate mental
health support for their students
Workplace Well-Being Initiatives: Evaluating the Costs and Benefits
No full textThere is an extensive academic and practitioner literature on what sorts of workplace well-being interventions work and for which types of workers (see Daniels et al., Job design, employment practices and well-being: a systematic review of intervention studies. Ergonomics 60:1177–1196. 10.1080/00140139.2017.1303085, 2017; Watson et al., Well-being through learning: A systematic review of learning interventions in the workplace and their impact on well-being. Eur J Work Organ Psychol 27(2): 247–268. 10.1080/1359432X.2018.1435529, 2018; Whitmore et al., Promising practices for health and wellbeing at work. A review of the evidence landscape. RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Cambridge, UK, 2018). However, few of these studies include an assessment of the costs of the interventions nor do they provide an approach for evaluating these against the benefits in terms of any improvements in employee well-being. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the use of a well-being cost-effectiveness analysis to evaluate workplace interventions and illustrates the technique using four case study examples of workplace interventions. We explore ways in which costs of interventions might be calculated, how the well-being and productivity benefits of interventions might be measured, and finally, how the cost-effectiveness of the interventions might be assessed
Beyond the Medical Encounter: Can the Free Association Narrative Interview Method Extend Psychosocial Understandings of Non-Epileptic Attack Disorder? An exploratory study.
Get PDFThis is a post-peer-review, pre-copy edited version of an article published in [Journal of Psychosocial Studies]. The definitive publisher-authenticated version [Peacock, M., Dickson J. M., Bissell, P., Grunewald, R., & Reuber, M. (2022). Beyond the medical encounter: Can the Free Association Narrative Interview method extend psychosocial understandings of Non-epileptic Attack Disorder? An exploratory study. Journal of Psychosocial Studies, 15(1), 36-51] is available online at: [https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/view/journals/jps/15/1/article-p36.xml]This exploratory interdisciplinary study was devised to explore how using the Free Association Narrative Interview (FANI) method might extend understanding of Non-Epileptic Attack Disorder (NEAD) within a psychosocial framework. NEAD is the medical definition of what can be described as embodied events that resemble epilepsy, but which are not associated with the abnormal electrical discharges in the brain found in epilepsy. They are the most frequent “functional” disorder or medically unexplained symptom (MUS) seen by neurologists.
Whilst NEAD is associated with trauma, distress and negative life events, a significant minority of patients report no trauma history. The FANI method, we argue, produced narratives which shed light on events which patients had not acknowledged as traumatic, but which might be considered as such, and we explore what aspects of the method may facilitate this process. Previous work highlighted that a diagnosis of NEAD is often experienced as deeply troubling and contentious to both give and to receive, we thus reflect on the need for patients to feel a sense of legitimacy and how the challenges of living with a NEAD diagnosis were negotiated.
Drawing on the work of Benjamin (2004) on “thirdness”, we suggest that the FANI method can allow the research interview to become a space which facilitates novel ways of engaging around NEAD. We conclude that FANI may be a powerful tool for studying NEAD, and that further studies should be undertaken using this approach since it may have broader utility in understanding the landscape of functional neurological disorders
A major locus confers triclabendazole resistance in Fasciola hepatica and shows dominant inheritance
Get PDFFasciola hepatica infection is responsible for substantial economic losses in livestock worldwide and poses a threat to human health in endemic areas. The mainstay of control in livestock and the only drug licenced for use in humans is triclabendazole (TCBZ). TCBZ resistance has been reported on every continent and threatens effective control of fasciolosis in many parts of the world. To date, understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying TCBZ resistance has been limited to studies of candidate genes, based on assumptions of their role in drug action. Taking an alternative approach, we combined a genetic cross with whole-genome sequencing to localise a ~3.2Mbp locus within the 1.2Gbp F. hepatica genome that confers TCBZ resistance. We validated this locus independently using bulk segregant analysis of F. hepatica populations and showed that it is the target of drug selection in the field. We genotyped individual parasites and tracked segregation and reassortment of SNPs to show that TCBZ resistance exhibits Mendelian inheritance and is conferred by a dominant allele. We defined gene content within this locus to pinpoint genes involved in membrane transport, (e.g. ATP-binding cassette family B, ABCB1), transmembrane signalling and signal transduction (e.g. GTP-Ras-adenylyl cyclase and EGF-like protein), DNA/RNA binding and transcriptional regulation (e.g. SANT/Myb-like DNA-binding domain protein) and drug storage and sequestration (e.g. fatty acid binding protein, FABP) as prime candidates for conferring TCBZ resistance. This study constitutes the first experimental cross and genome-wide approach for any heritable trait in F. hepatica and is key to understanding the evolution of drug resistance in Fasciola spp. to inform deployment of efficacious anthelmintic treatments in the field
Left-handed Jumpers
No full textShort story included in anthology. Very highly commended in the Irish Short Story of the Year category, Writing i.e An Post Irish Book Awards 2021: https://www.writing.ie/news/irish-short-story-of-the-year-2021-longlist
The Other F Word: A Qualitative Exploration of the Impact of Fatness in the Counselling Room
Get PDFIt is widely acknowledged that rates of ‘obesity’ worldwide are rising, alongside an increasing prevalence of anti-fat attitudes within Western society. It is also widely acknowledged that anti-fat bias can have an adverse impact on the mental and physical health of an individual, therefore, there is potential for more fat clients to access counselling in general, or to access it specifically to address their own body image or effects of anti-fat bias. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of individuals who identify as fat or plus size and have received some form of therapeutic counselling, to shed light on whether their fatness had any impact on their counselling experience. This study also aimed to increase counsellors’ awareness of any biases and stigma around fatness that clients may face. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was then used to analyse the data. Four Group Experiential Themes emerged which encapsulated the differing meanings and connotations associated with the term fat, the many ways participants felt their daily lives are impacted by their fatness, the impact participants felt their fatness had on their experience of counselling, and how participants felt there is a lack of training and awareness around fatness within the counselling profession. The findings support established literature around the prevalence of anti-fat bias in all aspects of life and its impact on mental health, and also supports emerging literature around the presence of anti-fat bias within the counselling profession. This study provides important insights and indicates that client fatness does impact on their experience of counselling, in numerous ways, and therefore warrants further study. This study suggests counsellors should be aware of how their counselling space and their interactions with fat clients can impact on how they experience counselling and their therapeutic journey
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