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Gambling, cryptocurrency, and financial trading app marketing in English Premier League football: A frequency analysis of in-game logos
Get PDFThe gamblification of UK football has resulted in a proliferation of in-game marketing associated with gambling and gambling-like products such as cryptocurrencies and financial trading apps. The English Premier League (EPL) has in response banned gambling logos on shirt-fronts from 2026 onward. This ban does not affect other types of marketing for gambling (e.g., sleeves and pitch-side hoardings), nor gambling-like products. This study therefore aimed to assess the ban's implied overall reduction of different types of marketing exposure.
Methods: We performed a frequency analysis of logos associated with gambling, cryptocurrency, and financial trading across 10 broadcasts from the 2022/23 EPL season. For each relevant logo, we coded: the marketed product, associated brand, number of individual logos, logo location, logo duration, and whether harm-reduction content was present.
Results: There were 20,941 relevant logos across the 10 broadcasts, of which 13,427 (64.1%) were for gambling only, 2,236 (10.7%) were for both gambling and cryptocurrency, 2,014 (9.6%) were for cryptocurrency only, 2,068 (9.9%) were for both cryptocurrency and financial trading, and 1,196 (5.7%) were for financial trading only. There were 1,075 shirt-front gambling-associated logos, representing 6.9% of all gambling-associated logos, and 5.1% of all logos combined. Pitch-side hoardings were the most frequent marketing location (52.3%), and 3.4% of logos contained harm-reduction content.
Discussion & Conclusions: Brand logos associated with gambling, cryptocurrency, and financial trading are common within EPL broadcasts. Approximately 1 in 20 gambling and gambling-like logos are subject to the EPL's voluntary ban on shirt-front gambling sponsorship.University of Chester; FundRef: https://doi.org/10.13039/10.13039/100010333; Grant(s): QR73
SET-PP2A complex as a new therapeutic target in KMT2A (MLL) rearranged AML
Get PDF© 2023, The Author(s). The version of record of this article, first published in [Oncogene], is available online at Publisher’s website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41388-023-02840-1KMT2A-rearranged (KMT2A-R) is an aggressive and chemo-refractory acute leukemia which mostly affects children. Transcriptomics-based characterization and chemical interrogation identified kinases as key drivers of survival and drug resistance in KMT2A-R leukemia. In contrast, the contribution and regulation of phosphatases is unknown. In this study we uncover the essential role and underlying mechanisms of SET, the endogenous inhibitor of Ser/Thr phosphatase PP2A, in KMT2A-R-leukemia. Investigation of SET expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples demonstrated that SET is overexpressed, and elevated expression of SET is correlated with poor prognosis and with the expression of MEIS and HOXA genes in AML patients. Silencing SET specifically abolished the clonogenic ability of KMT2A-R leukemic cells and the transcription of KMT2A targets genes HOXA9 and HOXA10. Subsequent mechanistic investigations showed that SET interacts with both KMT2A wild type and fusion proteins, and it is recruited to the HOXA10 promoter. Pharmacological inhibition of SET by FTY720 disrupted SET-PP2A interaction leading to cell cycle arrest and increased sensitivity to chemotherapy in KMT2A-R-leukemic models. Phospho-proteomic analyses revealed that FTY720 reduced the activity of kinases regulated by PP2A, including ERK1, GSK3β, AURB and PLK1 and led to suppression of MYC, supporting the hypothesis of a feedback loop among PP2A, AURB, PLK1, MYC, and SET. Our findings illustrate that SET is a novel player in KMT2A-R leukemia and they provide evidence that SET antagonism could serve as a novel strategy to treat this aggressive leukemia. [Abstract copyright: © 2023. The Author(s).
Development of a novel dietary assessment tool for vitamin D and the in vivo and in vitro effects of supplementation on asthma
Get PDFVitamin D is a secosteroid hormone with the essential role of maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis to support bone metabolism. Furthermore, vitamin D has also been shown to have important immunomodulatory functions, which have been linked to inflammatory diseases such as asthma. In the UK, 18.8% of the general population are vitamin D deficient during the winter. In 2016, SACN proposed recommendations that adults in the UK consume 400 IU (10 μg) vitamin D day-1.
Health and disease are linked to diet and nutrition therefore, assessing food intake is crucial. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) captures habitual food intake with a lower participant burden compared to alternative methods. Validation of a FFQ requires comparison of nutrient biomarkers with another method of dietary assessment. The first study in this thesis recruited 50 healthy volunteers to assess the agreement between a four-day food diary and a newly designed vitamin FFQ to measure dietary intake of vitamin D. Participants provided a blood sample for plasma analysis of 25(OH)D concentrations. Results of this
study showed a strong correlation between vitamin D intake recorded by the FFQ and the food diary (r = 0.609, p < 0.0001) within 95% limits of agreement. Our analysis suggested that this FFQ is a useful and rapid tool for researchers and health professionals to assess vitamin D dietary intakes in UK adults.
Vitamin D deficiency is linked to asthma in adults and associated with reduced lung function. Clinical trials investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation have mainly focussed on asthmatic children and trials carried out in adults have used bolus dosing. The aim of chapter 3 was to conduct a 12-week randomised placebo-controlled trial investigating the effect of daily 5000 IU vitamin D supplementation on lung function and inflammation in 32 adults with mild to moderate asthma. The intervention resulted in a significant increase in the mean (± SD) ratio of FEV1: FVC from baseline (week 0) to post-intervention (week 12) in
the vitamin D group (+ 0.05 ± 0.06) compared to the placebo group (+ 0.006 ± 0.04, p = 0.04). This dosing strategy at a level above current UK recommendations may be a useful adjunct to existing asthma control strategies.
The Calu-3 cell line has been used as a model of asthma and the aim of chapter 4 was to investigate the effect of calcitriol and 25(OH)D treatment of Calu-3 cell cultures on cell proliferation and secretion of inflammatory biomarkers. Incubation of cultures for 24 and 72 hours respectively, with 50nM (p = 0.002; p < 0.0001), 100nM (p = 0.004; p = 0.007) and 200nM (p = 0.002; p < 0.0001) 25(OH)D resulted in significantly decreased proliferation compared to an untreated control. No effect was observed with calcitriol treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first in vitro study using the Calu-3 cell line to show differing effects of
vitamin D metabolites.
The findings from this thesis are clinically relevant in the UK in a population that is at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency during the winter months. The new tool designed and validated will facilitate easier measurement of vitamin D dietary intakes and the clinical trial and in vitro work have provided novel insights to patient outcomes and underlying mechanisms of the benefit of vitamin D supplementation to asthma patients
Missing People and Fragmented Stories: Painting Holistic Pictures through Single Pen Portrait Analysis (SPPA)
Get PDFThis is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Qualitative Research in Psychology on 18/11/2023, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2023.2285066A pen portrait is an analytical technique for analysing, condensing, and depicting qualitative data from participants that can also incorporate themes or patterns. Pen portraits are a useful qualitative analytical technique that has not been adequately explored. A review of the use of pen portraits indicates that researchers have employed them in different ways across a variety of disciplines. These studies do not provide sufficient detail to enable researchers to understand the analytical process or undertake pen portraits and therefore be able to apply this. This scarcity of detail makes it difficult to engage with pen portraits as a trustworthy form of qualitative analysis. This paper outlines the authors’ approach called Single Pen Portrait Analysis (SPPA). This qualitative analytical technique was used by both authors, to overcome the issue of fragmented people or experience during their initial analysis. This paper describes ways that researchers could identify SPPA as a useful approach for answering their research question, and then details a step-by-step guide for completing this type of analysis. This guide is offered alongside two worked examples from the authors’ doctoral research projects to help researchers apply this analytical technique in practice. A tentative critical analysis of SPPA is offered. Finally, there is an argument for qualitative researchers to access the untapped potential of pen portraits by creatively engaging with them
The impact of rotational models on workforce stability in UK clinical settings
Get PDFThis document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in [British Journal of Healthcare Management], copyright © MA Education, after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/abs/10.12968/bjhc.2023.0006Background/Aims: To ensure that the NHS workforce remains engaged and productive, rather than leaving the profession, underlying factors that cause attrition must be addressed, and strategies implemented to strengthen retention rates and workforce sustainability. This study aimed to assess the impact of models that allow staff to rotate through different roles and organisations on workforce stability.
Methods: Project leads employed by organisations within NHS Cheshire and Merseyside integrated care system who had conducted a rotational model were recruited via purposive and snowball sampling. A total of 11 project leads took part in semi-structured interviews about their experiences of the rotational models. Results were analysed using thematic analysis.
Results: Respondents identified considerable benefits of the rotational models, both for staff and their organisations. Rotational pathways enhanced the transferability of the workforce, with staff developing the knowledge and skills to work across boundaries.
Conclusions: The broader implementation of rotational models could help to mitigate the recruitment and retention challenges that healthcare organisations such as the NHS are currently experiencing
Slavery, Collective Memory and the Urban Landscape: The Rise, Fall and Rise of Liverpool’s Statue of William Huskisson
Get PDFThis article was published as [Millington, R. (2023). Slavery and collective memory: The case of Liverpool’s statue of William Huskisson. History & Memory, 35(2), 111-142. https://doi.org/10.2979/ham.2023.a906482]. No part of this article may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or distributed, in any form, by any means, electronic, mechanical, photographic, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Indiana University Press. For re- use, please contact the Copyright Clearance Center (www.copyright.com, 508-744-3350). For all other permissions, please visit http://iupress.org.In 1982, residents of Liverpool pulled a statue of William Huskisson from its plinth. Today, a plaque at the site states that the sculpture was removed by “activists offended at Huskisson’s role in supporting slavery.” Less than a mile away, however, one finds Huskisson’s effigy, re-erected, with no reference to slavery.
This article traces the history of the rise, fall and rise of the Huskisson statue. It concludes on how collective memory shapes the urban landscape and informs interaction with it. It also reflects on the nature of memory conflicts and the processing of unresolved events in the past
‘Now we have gym, now we have to perform’: Norwegian students’ perceptions of assessment and grading in physical education
Get PDFRøset, L., Green, K., Sigurjonsson, T., Tjomsland, H. E., Cale, L., & Thurston, M., ‘Now we have gym, now we have to perform’: Norwegian students’ perceptions of assessment and grading in physical education, European Educational Research Journal (Journal Volume Number 23 and Issue Number 6) pp. 879-901. Copyright © [2023] (The Author). Reprinted by permission of SAGE Publications.Assessment has become a routine feature of school life, internationally. Little is known, however, about the consequences for young people of assessment and grading in physical education (PE) – a subject often associated with physical recreation. This paper explores young Norwegian’s perceptions of assessment and grading in PE from a sociological perspective. In doing so, it contemplates the penetration of neo-liberal discourses as part of wider processes of globalization and Europeanization in school PE in Norway. The study utilizes data generated by 31 focus groups involving 148 youngsters from the 10th grade (15–16-year-olds) in eight purposively sampled secondary schools in Norway. Norwegian PE teachers continue to use tests in order to set grades in PE. The upshot is that students’ enjoyment of and engagement in PE, as well as their self-identities and self-esteem, can be compromised by apprehension towards assessment and grading. These processes seem likely to undermine or even erode the potential sociopsychological benefits of PE for some young people by reinforcing the impression that the subject is fast becoming just one more outcome-oriented subject on an academic treadmill. In this regard, the ascendancy of neo-liberalism – associated with the twin challenges of globalisation and European integration – appears to merely reinforce the hegemony of competitive individualism within PE in Norway, as elsewhere
Microfluidic emulsification techniques for controllable emulsion production and functional microparticle synthesis
Get PDFEmulsions play important roles in template synthesis of functional microparticles for myriad fields. The size, shape, composition and structure of emulsion droplets generally determine those features of the resultant microparticles and their functions. Precise control over these features of emulsions is vital to template synthesis of controllable application-oriented microparticles with advanced functions. This review summarizes recent progress on microfluidic emulsification techniques for controllable emulsion production and functional microparticle synthesis. First, versatile microfluidic emulsification techniques for controllable generation of emulsions from simple single emulsions to complex multiple emulsions are introduced. The flexible structural changes of emulsions induced by regulating the mesoscale structures of packed surfactant molecules at the interfaces are discussed. Then, rational synthesis of microparticles with controllable sizes, shapes, compositions, structures and functions from emulsion templates are introduced. The rational design of emulsion templates and interplay between the shape, structure and composition of microparticles to achieve desired functions for applications such as controlled release, water remediation, and catalysis are highlighted. Particularly, interplay between the mesoscale structures of functional components in the emulsion templates and the fine structures and advanced functions of certain microparticles, is discussed. Finally, future development of microfluidics in controllable emulsion production and microparticle synthesis is discussed
English and Australian Teachers’ interpretation and use of GBA
Get PDFThis is an Accepted Manuscript of a book chapter published by Routledge in [Game Sense for Teaching and Coaching: International Perspectives] on [16/03/2021], available online: http://www.routledge.com/Game-Sense-for-Teaching-and-Coaching-International-Perspectives/Light-Curry/p/book/9780367741587The fact that strong academic interest in GBAs such as Game Sense has not yet translated as well as expected into significant growth in its uptake in schools is disappointing (Jarrett, 2015; Pill, 2011). Among the possible explanations for this is the need to develop and improve teachers’ pedagogical understanding, experiences and practice of them and this is our focus in this chapter. In it we present the findings of a study that inquired into the different ways in which secondary physical education teachers in England and Australia experienced game-based approaches (GBA) such as Game Sense. The focus of the study was on the nature of the teaching experience, their interpretation of it and the meaning they made of these experiences
Comics Drawing: A (Poly)Graphic History
Get PDFThis material has been accepted for publication by Cambridge University Press, and a revised form will be published in [The Cambridge companion to comics] edited by [Maaheen Ahmed] [http://doi.org/10.1017/9781009255653]. This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. Not for re-distribution or re-use. © copyright holder.This chapter contextualises narrative drawing, first identifying types of drawing that are specific to comics. It proposes that the comics medium intervenes in the long history of drawing, by introducing polygraphy as a recurrent feature of comics. Referring to Bakhtin’s concept of polyphony (or multiple voices) in the novel, polygraphy accounts for the techniques of accumulating diverse graphic indices of the labour and ideas of drafters and comics producers and distributors. The chapter shows how polygraphy produces comics, considering the work of William Hogarth, Katsushika Hokusai, Rodolphe Töpffer, Marie Duval, George Herriman, Winsor McCay and Osamu Tezuka. Through this cast of creators, the chapter also foregrounds important moments in comics history such as the boom in periodical print in the nineteenth century, the influence of acting and performance practices and later movie. This chapter equips readers with the necessary tools to understand the fundamental means of visualising stories in comics – drawing – and offers a comics history contextualized through relevant developments in popular visual and print culture
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