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Preventable deaths from SARS-CoV-2 in England and Wales: a systematic analysis of coroners’ case reports
No full textSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel pathogenic coronavirus that causes respiratory illness and multiple organ damage, Covid-19. The first case of Covid-19 was reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) in December 2019, and the first confirmed UK case was reported in January 2020 [1]. SARS-CoV-2 is highly transmissible, which, combined with international travel, enabled its rapid spread worldwide. The WHO declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a public health emergency of international concern on 30 January 2020 and later a pandemic on 11 March 2020 [2,3]. To date, there have been about 4.33 million cases and 118,575 deaths caused by Covid-19 in England and Wales [4].
The Covid-19 pandemic and measures taken to reduce its spread, such as lockdowns and reduced social contact, have caused additional stress on mental, psychological, social, and economic wellbeing, as well as substantial reductions in primary-care contacts for people suffering from acute conditions, potentially leading to missed opportunities for care and treatment [5,6]. The UK Government has launched a public inquiry to ensure lessons are learnt from the covid-19 pandemic [7]. In law coroners in England and Wales have a duty to report and communicate information about deaths when the coroner believes that action should be taken to prevent future deaths [8]. These reports, called Prevention of Future Death Reports (PFDs), are mandated under Paragraph 7 of Schedule 5 of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009, and under Regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations 2013 [9,10].
The PFD system has three processes: 1) coroners generate PFDs; 2) addressees respond to concerns raised in PFDs, 3) detailing actions that have been or may be implemented.
When a person or organization receives a PFD report from a coroner, they have 56 days in which they must respond by statute. However, on 26 March 2020, the Chief Coroner issued guidance stating that organisations that are under pressure from covid-19 (e.g. medical professionals, NHS Trusts, healthcare organizations, and prisons) may be granted an extension beyond the 56 days [11]. However, the guidance also stressed that there should not be a blanket extension for all responses to PFDs. Healthcare professionals have also called for the deaths of their colleagues to be reported to coroners and for PFDs to be issued [12,13]. Systematic analyses of PFDs have been carried out to investigate deaths from medication errors, adverse drug reactions, suicides, cardiovascular disease, and opioids [14–18]. However, PFDs issued during the covid-19 pandemic have not been analysed
A longitudinal study examining implicit motives and hormonal levels
No full textThis longitudinal field study examines the hypotheses that PSE-based measures of nSex, nPower, nAffiliation are associated with variations in gonadal and adrenal steroids as well as alpha amylase as a marker of sympathetic activity, self-reported sexual activity, and daily emotional well-being. It will also examine the test-retest stability of PSE motive measures. It will do so by comparing three groups (normally cycling [NC] women, women taking oral contraceptives [OC], men)
The valuation of temptation enactments and forgiveness
No full textThis project aims to examine whether the individual difference in valuation of temptation enactments (VOTE) is associated with the forgiveness level after the partner’s transgressions
Individual vs. Measure Variance in Overprecision (IMO)
No full textWe will examine how several measures of precision (confidence) in judgement correlate with each other and with individual difference measures of humility and narcissism
Online Survey Quality
No full textThis research considers the relation between the design and distribution of online surveys and data quality. In study 1, we review a sample of 100 Qualtrics surveys retrieved from the Open Science Foundation (OSF) website, outlining themes of strengths and weaknesses to identify the most prevalent characteristics of survey quality—or lack thereof. In study 2, we empirically test whether three leading characteristics (scale quality, device compatibility, and title comprehensibility) affect data quality (attention check pass rate, item completion rate, and survey submission rate.) We also look broadly for variances in item means between conditions to determine whether each characteristic systematically affects participant responses. Finally, in study 3, we test whether the method of distribution (MTurk versus Prolific) and title comprehensibility affect our sample composition (age, gender, ethnicity, education level, employment status, and household income) given that participants self-select which panels and surveys they participate in
Is the Sunny Side Up? Replication of Meier and Robinson (2004)
No full textWe are replicating Study 1 from Meier and Robinson’s (2004) paper examining the relationship between affective evaluations and spatial location. This study was a high impact study with over 800 citations and, as best as we can tell, no close replications. The effect we are trying to replicate was their finding that participants evaluated the valence of words (positive or negative) faster when the word’s spatial position was congruent with metaphors linking “up” to positive valence and “down” to negative valence. More specifically, they found a valence X position interaction where participants were faster to categorize positive words presented at the top of the screen than the bottom of the screen and faster to categorize negative words presented at the bottom of the screen than the top of the screen
Frequency of sugar-sweetened food consumption among Brazilian schoolchildren: a scoping review
No full textThis scoping review aims to systematically map the evidence regarding the daily frequency of sugary food consumption among Brazilian schoolchildren enrolled in public or private schools, exploring what has been published in indexed sources and in the gray literature.
The results were published:
Quadros LN, Rebelo Vieira JM, Gomes AC, Lucas AC dos S, Rebelo MAB. Frequency of sugar-sweetened food consumption among Brazilian schoolchildren: a scoping review. Braz. J. Oral Sci. [Internet]. 2025 Jul. 7 [cited 2025 Nov. 5];24(00):e251013. Available from: https://periodicos.sbu.unicamp.br/ojs/index.php/bjos/article/view/867101
The implementation of national genomic screening or diagnostic programmes: A systematic review
No full textAims and Objectives
The aim of this systematic review will be to draw together the available evidence on the implementation of genomics screening and diagnostics programmes around the globe, with a particular focus on programmes implemented on the national level.
Research questions:
1. What are the main characteristics of national genomics programmes implemented around the world?
2. How are these programmes normally implemented on a national scale?
3. What are the factors acting as barriers and enablers in the implementation?
4. What are wider lessons learnt for future implementations?
Design
The review will be designed following the approach for rapid evidence reviews developed by Tricco et al. (2017) with the scope to incorporate relevant grey literature. The review will follow a phased approach, which begins with a broad search strategy that is expanded with each round of searches. We will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement to guide the review design and the reporting of the methods and findings.
Search strategy and approach
The first phase of the search strategy will be broad and will be run on general databases such as Google Scholar and Web of Science. This will lead to the selection of a preliminary list of resources. These will be scanned for relevant key terms. These terms will be added to the search strategy, and, after a series of subsequent exploratory searches, we will develop the final search strategy using PICOS.
We will run the final search strategy on the following databases:
• Web of Science: a comprehensive database covering many academic subject areas, which includes details of conference proceedings.
• MEDLINE: a popular health sciences database.
• PubMed: PubMed is a free search engine for accessing references and abstracts on life sciences and biomedical topics.
• CINAHL Plus: a database of nursing journals.
• EMBASE: a clinical search engine that includes grey literature.
The searches will include words related to:
1. Genomics (e.g. clinical genomics, genome, genomics research).
2. Implementation Science (e.g. barriers, enablers, service research).
3. Health (e.g. healthcare, health care service, healthcare research).
Inclusion Criteria
• Peer-reviewed papers or manuscripts where genomics programmes/services are mentioned and/or described.
• Last 5 years
• No restrictions based on study location or language.
• National, regional and local scale (prioritising those implemented at a national scale).
• Diagnostic or screening purposes
Exclusion criteria
• Any documents produced before 2017
• Incomplete versions
• Therapeutic treatments
• PhD theses, dissertations, books, commentaries, opinion pieces and conference proceedings.
Screening
Document screening will be conducted independently by different reviewers, with 100% of included and 25% of excluded documents checked by another reviewer. Reports included in the title/abstract will be screened in full text by one reviewer. If there is uncertainty, full texts will be discussed with a second reviewer until consensus is reached, involving a third reviewer where necessary.
Data extraction and synthesis
We propose to use REDCap software for data extraction to organise the review process. Data will be synthesised using framework analysis. The analysis will focus on developing themes that can provide an accurate representation of the data. The categories for the framework will be based on the research questions guiding the review as well as the information emerging from the documents.
Quality Assessment
We will use the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) to assess the quality of the articles published in peer-reviewed journals.
References
Tricco, A. C., Langlois, Etienne. V., Straus, S. E., Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research, & World Health Organization. (2017). Rapid reviews to strengthen health policy and systems: A practical guide. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/25869
Prediction of upcoming pitch accent using sandhi rules in Kansai Japanese: A visual world eye-tracking study
No full textWe investigate whether people predict pitch accent of an upcoming noun based on presence or absence of evidence for an accent change which we refer to as a Sandhi rule in Kansai dialects in Japanese using modifier-noun phrases like (1-4). When the modifier has an unaccented all-low tone as in (1-2), the tone of its final mora (genitive particle “no”) depends on the tone of the following noun. The final mora must have a high tone when the following noun begins with a low tone, and it must have a low tone when the following noun begins with a high tone. When the modifier has an unaccented all-high tone as in (3-4), the tone of its final mora does not vary depending on the tone of the following noun. Thus, the initial tone of the noun is predictable in (1-2) and unpredictable in (3-4).
(1) Low (modifier) + Low (noun): shimashima no hikoːki (English: striped aeroplane), LLLL H LHLL
(2) Low (modifier) + High (noun): shimashima no hitsuji (striped sheep), LLLL L HHH
(3) High (modifier) + Low (noun): mizutama no hikoːki (polka-dot aeroplane), HHHH H LHLL
(4) High (modifier) + High (noun): mizutama no hitsuji (polka-dot sheep), HHHH H HH
Internet addiction during COVID-19 restricted movement period: A study from Bangladesh
No full textInternet addiction during COVID-19 restricted movement period: A study from Banglades