11289 research outputs found
Sort by
Exploring Photochemical Formic Acid Dehydrogenation via Iridium Halide Complexes
No full textPentamethylcyclopentadienyl iridium bipyridine halide complexes have been demonstrated to act as effective catalysts in the photochemical dehydrogenation of formic acid for the production of H2 gas – an increasingly important resource in many sectors. We explored the impact of the halide ligand on homogenous photochemical formic acid dehydrogenation by expanding the scope of our catalysts to conduct comparisons of [Cp*Ir(bpy-CO2H)Br][Br], [Cp*Ir(bpy-CO2H)I][I], and [Cp*Ir(bpy-CO2H)Cl][Cl] along with the parent complex [Cp*Ir(bpy)Cl][Cl]. The equilibrium between the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions is investigated by comparison of gas production monitored via eudiometer and by pressor sensor in a closed system. Heterogeneous catalysts have advantages over homogenous systems in regard to ease of separation from the reaction mixture and potential for catalyst recyclability. We developed a design for a heterogenous catalyst system achieved by tethering of [Cp*Ir(bpy-CO2H)Cl][Cl] to an amine-modified silica-based support resin. The immobilized catalyst was characterized by attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) and its activity is compared with the homogeneous system
The Development of International Law in Relation to Crimes against Humanity
Get PDFThis paper will look at the development of international law in relation to crimes against humanity. First, juridically applied at the Nuremberg Trials, crimes against humanity has historically offered a compelling juxtaposition between naturalist and positivist law. Hence, this paper attempts to shed light on these juxtapositions, as seen by the respective arguments taken up by the Allies and Germany at Nuremberg. Likewise, this paper will illustrate the complexities within the definition itself. Finally, this paper will clarify the differing definitions taken up at the various tribunals following Nuremberg, leading up to the Rome Statute. It is a hope, that in its totality, this paper will showcase the capabilities that international law has in combating atrocities committed against humankind
Quit Using Acquittals: The Unconstitutionality and Immorality of Acquitted-Conduct Sentencing
Get PDFThis Comment examines the phenomenon of acquitted-conduct sentencing—a practice that allows a sentencing judge to enhance a criminal defendant’s sentence due to conduct for which he has already been acquitted. Seventeen-year-old Dayonta McClinton is one of many criminal defendants who have unjustly suffered at the hands of this practice when he received a thirteen-year enhancement because of conduct for which he already received a verdict of not guilty from a jury. This Comment argues that acquitted-conduct sentencing is unconstitutional, as it violates both the reasonable doubt standard required under the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment and the jury trial right of the Sixth Amendment. This Comment additionally criticizes acquitted-conduct sentencing on policy grounds, specifically in the context of our entrenched guilty plea system. This Comment begins by briefly discussing the Sentencing Guidelines and its “relevant conduct” provision, as well as outlining the complications and contradictions inherent in the Supreme Court’s sentencing jurisprudence, especially in the wake of United States v. Booker. This Comment further explains that the only viable solution to this problem is through Supreme Court action, even though the Court denied certiorari in McClinton’s case in the 2023 term. This Comment argues that the Supreme Court must conclusively declare the unconstitutionality of acquitted-conduct sentencing and overrule United States v. Watts, as this practice is not only wholly incompatible with the Constitution but also with how we perceive justice
The New Rules of Attachment: How to Heal Your Relationships, Reparent Your Inner Child, and Secure Your Life Vision Hardcover
No full textDiscover a revolutionary approach to attachment theory that teaches readers how to heal their inner child to change their anxious, avoidant, or disorganized attachment style in relationships, friendships, at work, and home. Did you know that attachment style impacts more than romantic relationships? As it turns out, most of us are thinking about Attachment Theory all wrong, and triple board-certified clinical and forensic neuropsychologist Dr. Judy Ho is here to set the record straight. Grounded in the science of attachment, Dr. Judy’s game-changing approach shows that our attachment style impacts every aspect of our lives: friendships, career, goal setting, and, critically, our sense of self. Moreover, we can all learn to become securely attached—no matter what attachment style we developed in childhood—meaning that we can reclaim our ability to feel safe, loved, and capable of achieving the life we’ve always wanted
Making Deception Fun: Teaching Autistic Individuals How to PlayFriendly Tricks
Get PDFPerspective taking is a critical repertoire for navigating social relationships and consists of a variety of complex verbalskills, including socially adaptive forms of deception. Detecting and being able to use socially adaptive deception likelyhas many practical uses, including defending oneself against bullying, telling white lies to avoid hurting others’ feelings,keeping secrets and bluffing during games, and playing friendly tricks on others. Previous research has documented thatsome Autistic1 children have challenges identifying deception and playfully deceiving others (Reinecke et al., 1997). Thecurrent study employed a multiple baseline across participants design to evaluate the use of multiple exemplar training, rules,modeling, practice, and feedback for teaching four Autistic children and adolescents to use deception to play friendly trickson others. The procedure was successful for all participants, and generalization was achieved across novel, untrained tricks
Reimagining Higher Education
Get PDFThe higher education system in America has taken on a different role over the course of the last two centuries. The shift from an institution only available to young men to a means of economic mobility for everyone has resulted in strain on the system leading to soaring prices, burdened students, and an unprepared economy. After a thorough review of the data, the cost of education along with a confusing marketplace has led students to feel wary about four-year institutions. Furthermore, the change in the very purpose of higher education has led to small universities fighting larger ones on the merits of classical education. Where some schools continue to push for education as a merit, bigger state schools tend to see education as a means to achieving a high-paying job and a diverse network. The divide in understanding the reason for higher education’s existence has only furthered confusion about the merits of attending college. To prevent further apprehension regarding the university system, to decrease rising costs, to remove government intervention, and to foster student success above all else, state governments must place an emphasis and education on trade schools and dual-enrollment programs in high schools across the nation
World Trade Organization Dispute Resolution and China: Is the System Broken, Flawed, or Working Exactly as Written?
Get PDFChina highlights the flaws and limitations of the World Trade Organization’s dispute resolution process. China’s importance in the global economy led to its selection. The paper overviews China’s accession process, the two initial safeguards against subversion—the Transitional Product-Specific Safeguard Mechanism and the Transitional Review Mechanism, and how the Product-Specific Safeguard Mechanism and the Transitional Review Mechanism, and how the WTO’s process can be subverted. The paper also analyzes the WTO process subversion counterapproaches used by other Member States, mainly the United States. The two major flaws of the process are the lack of protections in place against subversion and the inability to revoke membership once it has been given. The United States of America to counter subversions by China halted the resolution process by the blocking of Appellate Body nominations. Policy options for the United States of America and the WTO differ. The policy recommendation for the United States is to continue blocking the appellate appointments until measurable, verified changes have occurred either within the WTO or by Members that subvert its dispute resolution process
A systematic review of the benefits of integrating therapeutic animals into trauma-focused treatments for child and adolescent survivors of sexual abuse
Get PDFAn integrative systematic review with a narrative synthesis was conducted to explore and identify the benefits of integrating a therapy animal into trauma-informed treatment for children and adolescent survivors of sexual abuse. This review detailed various ways therapy animals were incorporated into treatment and when the integration of therapy animals is most and least beneficial. Methods. Eight electronic databases were searched for relevant articles. The search was limited to peer-reviewed articles published in the English-language. Articles published in and out of the United States were included, without a limit on date published, in order to capture any cultural differences and contain all relevant articles. All studies included a therapy animal as part of the treatment modality and discussed treatment outcomes. Participants were comprised of youth under the age of 18 seeking treatment due to trauma symptoms related to sexual abuse. Results. Findings from 12 articles revealed a range of ways therapy animals were integrated into trauma treatment, including those categorized into structured, semi-structured, and unstructured approaches. Low attrition rates and significant improvements in a wide-range of trauma-related symptoms including PTSD (n=7, 58.33%), internalizing symptoms (n=9, 75.00%), externalizing symptoms (n=6, 50.00%), and interpersonal functioning (n=8, 66.67%) were indicated by outcomes from the included studies. Additionally, benefits that enhanced the treatment program (n=7, 58.33%), produced positive changes in and out of therapy (n=6, 50.00%), and augmented post-treatment outcomes (n=3, 25.00%) were associated with the therapy animal. Conclusions. Despite the wide-range of heterogenous symptoms that can develop in youth after sexual abuse and the distinctive ways animal-assisted therapy was integrated into different treatment modalities, themes emerged from the 12 articles reviewed around therapy animals supporting and augmenting treatment outcomes across age, developmental level, gender, and cultural background. Animal-assisted therapy provided additional benefits to treatment which were associated with the presence of the therapy animal. A strength of this review includes its narrative synthesis of the current literature on animal-assisted therapy and trauma-informed treatment for youth in treatment for sexual abuse, as well as its recommendations for groups impacted by child sexual abuse, such as clinicians, parents and caregivers, governing officials, and survivors
Triumphs in Leadership: Exploring the Positive Power of Appreciative Inquiry, Emotional Intelligence, and Social Constructivism among Successful Lebanese Women Leaders in Higher Education
Get PDFThis qualitative study investigates the success strategies of Lebanese women leaders in higher education, a sector where they have historically faced underrepresentation. It examines the evolution of women’s roles in this field, highlighting the progress and ongoing challenges related to gender biases and societal constraints in Lebanon. The research employs a phenomenological approach to explore the lived experiences of these leaders, focusing on how they navigate cultural norms and societal expectations. Theoretical frameworks like appreciative inquiry, emotional intelligence, and social constructivism are used to analyze their transformative potential within Middle Eastern patriarchal structures. This study aims to inform policies and initiatives that promote gender equity and enhance women’s leadership in Lebanese higher education, offering insights into the resilience and achievements of these trailblazing women