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Resilience in the face of sexism: attracting, retaining, and promoting women and girls in STEM
Get PDFWomen in Science Technology Engineering and Math (STEM) occupations comprise 27% of employees in STEM fields (Martinez & Christnacht, 2021). Their participation continues to drop even when they reach the highest levels of leadership in STEM industries (Chrisler et al., 2012; R. A. Miller et al., 2021; Worthen, 2021). There have been calls by universities and governments to bring women’s thought leadership to STEM fields given the massive impact STEM industries have on the economy and innovation (Beede et al., 2011; Fayer et al., 2017). A review of the literature shows that girls and women experience various levels of discrimination at every stage of their STEM pathways (V. E. Johnson et al., 2021; Settles et al, 2006). It begins in childhood, where their self-efficacy and self-confidence are lowered due to societal pressures against girls, and continues on through their academic period and well into their careers (Sadler et al., 2012; Weinhardt, 2017). Without intentional interventions, such as mentoring, female role models, and involved parents, girls and women often lose interest in STEM, even without a difference in skills against their male counterparts (O’Dea et al., 2018). Compounding the issue is that women face harassment and discrimination from the predominately male dominated environments, making for an unpleasant work and study experience (Chrisler et al., 2012; R. A. Miller et al., 2021; Worthen, 2021). The issue is much worse for underrepresented minorities who are often at the intersection of gender and race as well as sexual orientation (Crenshaw, 1989; García-López, 2008; Melaku, 2019). Using phenomenological research methods (Moustakas, 1994), Appreciative Inquiry (Cooperrider & Whitney, 2005), and Feminist Theory (hooks, 2000; Steinem, 1969) this study explores the lived experiences of 18 STEM women, specifically their success strategies and barriers from a young age to college, and through career and leadership
Quantitative study on the efficacy of online and hybrid learning formats as related to the success indicators of equity
Get PDFThis research involved a quantitative secondary analysis using the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) to investigate factors leading to disparities in academic success. Focusing on the role of course modality, the research aimed to address the need to enhance equity in academic achievement, considering age, gender, race, and socioeconomic status. Special attention was given to online and hybrid modalities from 2017 to 2021, encompassing both pre- and post-pandemic data to observe shifts in higher education to more online and hybrid practices. The research was rooted in Astin’s student involvement theory and Rawls’ theory of justice, and it sought to discover paths to educational equity. Multilevel secondary analyses revealed significant variations in academic success measures across different demographic groups over time, with some demographics showing moderate improvements. These findings indicated that although improvements have been realized among many groups, the magnitude and consistency of these changes vary considerably across different demographic groups. The analysis revealed statistically significant changes in the number of programs offered, both online/hybrid and face-to-face, and for specific degree programs across the years. The effect sizes for these changes ranged from small to moderate, indicating varying levels of impact over time. The conclusion is that although the adoption of online and hybrid instructional methods has yielded positive results in student engagement, satisfaction, and overall success, persistent racial and ethnic disparities remain. Online and hybrid formats have led to improvements in academic success across different gender categories, but gender disparities persist. Findings also demonstrate that both student demographics and instructional modalities play significant roles in shaping individuals\u27 academic experiences, highlighting the complexity of factors influencing academic success. Recommendations for practice include improving online and hybrid education through interactive activities and diversifying instructional practices. There is a need to address race, ethnic, and gender disparities with culturally responsive teaching and tailored support to meet the diverse needs of this student population. Further research is needed to investigate the underlying factors contributing to race and ethnic-based disparities in online and hybrid learning environments, such as access to technology, cultural responsiveness, and systemic barriers
Beyond Lau: Envisioning humanizing and culturally sustaining workspaces for teachers in dual-language bilingual education schools
No full textFifty years after the Lau decision, dual-language programs face critical challenges, particularly a national teacher shortage, especially in bilingual programs representing less commonly taught languages like Mandarin Chinese. This study explores the workplace environments of 13 Mandarin Dual Language Bilingual Education (MDLBE) teachers in a diverse urban school district. Drawing on Freire’s concept of humanization, Paris’s cultural sustainment framework, and Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, qualitative interviews reveal themes of outsiderness, coupled with a need for humanizing relationships with colleagues and leadership. Findings highlight the importance of culturally sustaining practices and systemic changes to foster inclusive, supportive environments, advocating for a transformation “Beyond Lau” to sustain dual-language programs
Prevalence, correlates, symptomology, and assessment of women with aquired brain injury as a result of intimate partner violence
Get PDFBrain injury resulting from intimate partner violence is a pervasive and complex issue with substantial health and social consequences for women globally. Therefore, findings from this review aim to summarize and review the intersection of intimate partner violence-related acquired brain injury among women. This review gives particular attention to the following inquiries: (a) How prevalent is a brain injury resulting from intimate partner violence? (b) What are the risk factors and correlates (i.e., demographic, age, socio-economic status) of brain injuries among survivors of intimate partner violence? (c) What symptoms of brain injuries are observed in survivors of intimate partner violence? (d) How is screening and assessment for brain injuries being approached in women subjected to intimate partner violence? The results from this integrative systematic review demonstrate a wide range in the reported prevalence of intimate partner violence-related acquired brain injury. Studies in this review focused little on the impact of race, ethnicity, and social determinants. The demographics of the participants did not reflect the current literature that individuals from marginalized identities are disproportionally targets of severe IPV. Women at least age 20 and women who were married or lived with their partners seem to be at increased risk for IPV-related acquired brain injury. Outcomes of brain injury in this population include psychological, neurocognitive, and behavioral changes even when controlling for significant sociodemographic factors, PTSD, and severity of assaults. All studies incorporated self-report questionnaires and structured or semi-structured interviews. There are no universal methods for screening and assessment of IPV-related acquired brain injury
Physician associate (PA) leaders in executive, academic, and clinical roles: consensus building for a novel leadership framework
Get PDFThis study explored the lived experience of Physician Associate (PA) leaders in healthcare executive, academic, and clinical roles. Chapter 1 introduces the research topic, outlines a statement of the problem, study’s purpose, assumptions, limitations and key definitions. The frameworks for this study are appreciative inquiry and critical constructivism. Chapter 2 presents a comprehensive review of the literature pertinent to PAs in leadership roles in the United States, including (a) challenges in the PA profession, (b) best practices of the PA profession, (c) leadership competencies in healthcare including leading teams, (d) leadership theory including coaching theory and change management, and (e) the globalization of the PA profession, Chapter 3 includes details related to the phenomenological methodology, research design, processes of data collection, and strategies for data analysis. Chapter 4 contains the results of the data analysis of themes with graphical representation of the data. Finally, Chapter 5 discusses the findings of each research question with implications for practice, introduction of the PA Leadership Model and recommendations for future research
Coping strategies of African American LGBTQ same-gender-loving and heterosexual women after intimate partner violence
Get PDFA thematic analysis of literature was applied to academic studies of African American women who identify as same-gender-loving (SGL), meaning either lesbian or bisexual, and African American heterosexual women who have endured intimate partner violence (IPV). The aim was to identify in the literature coping strategies used by the IPV survivors, as well as under-utilized coping strategies. Few studies (28) met the inclusion criteria related to this intersectional identity. Main themes of positive coping skills mentioned were as follows: spirituality, mindfulness, religious practice, community support, social support, confrontation, safety precautions, activism, attitude or self-help, mental health services, participation in research studies, health care providers, domestic violence services (including shelters), law enforcement, legal services, and culturally competent interventions (racial attribution and acknowledging intersectional identities). Negative coping mechanisms were escapism and substance abuse. Institutional supports were under-utilized, including mental health services, health care providers, domestic violence services, law enforcement, shelter, and legal service. Causes mentioned for under-utilization of positive coping strategies were cost, fear of negative consequences, experience of discrimination, and dismissal of the seriousness of the violence. The eight main coping strategies focused on were as follows: spirituality and religiosity, mindfulness, social support, community support, direct action, attitude or self-help, formal institutional support, and culturally competent interventions. Implications of the findings were that (a) support can be enhanced by understanding historical context, and (b) support can be enhanced by using intersectionality as a framework in treatment. The author integrates auto-ethnography, describing personal experiences as an African American bisexual cisgender female survivor of IPV
Shots of Wisdom: Laughing, Wincing, and Learning Through Life\u27s Lessons Paperback
No full textDid it ever occur to you that some of your toughest times might end up teaching you the most? Remember when you first learned that life isn\u27t always fair? Or discovered the realities of having your trust betrayed, the pain of saying goodbye to a beloved pet, or realizing that you fell in love with the wrong person?
Therapist, professor, author, and actor Dr. David A. Levy has lived through an enormously wide range of experiences - embarrassing moments, distressing episodes, moving encounters - that all of us can relate to. In Shots of Wisdom, Levy shares stories and lessons from his journey that have carried him through life\u27s challenges.
The wisdom in these pages reminds us that the path to a life well lived is not always smooth. This book will be your companion when you need a boost and positive perspective. It will encourage you to embrace life\u27s challenges, while laughing, wincing, and learning along the way. Discover the power of positive thinking and get ready to see things from a different perspective - a brighter one.
Dive into Dr. David Levy\u27s latest book and find...
Over 40 autobiographical essays, each one containing a relatable and applicable life lesson A unique source of both humor and inspiration that reassures readers that life is meaningful and good A wonderful self-help gift book for both men and women from a professional psychologist If books such as Don\u27t Sweat the Small Stuff and Chicken Soup for the Soul have interested you, then Shots of Wisdom should be your next read
Theoretical and experimental constraints for the equation of state of dense and hot matter
Get PDFThis review aims at providing an extensive discussion of modern constraints relevant for dense and hot strongly interacting matter. It includes theoretical first-principle results from lattice and perturbative QCD, as well as chiral effective field theory results. From the experimental side, it includes heavy-ion collision and low-energy nuclear physics results, as well as observations from neutron stars and their mergers. The validity of different constraints, concerning specific conditions and ranges of applicability, is also provided
MivacunaLA (MyshotLA): A Community-Partnered Mobile Phone Intervention to Improve COVID-19 Vaccination Behaviors among Low-Income, Spanish-Speaking, and Immigrant Latino Parents or Caregivers
Get PDFWe developed and tested MivacunaLA/MyshotLA, a community-informed mobile phone intervention, to increase COVID-19 vaccination among Latino parents/caretakers of minors in under-resourced areas of Los Angeles by addressing misinformation and building trust. We recruited Latino parents/caregivers with at least one unvaccinated child in East and South Los Angeles in the summer of 2021 and evaluated MivacunaLA as a randomized controlled trial with a wait-list control group. A difference-in-difference analysis showed Latino parents/caregivers that participated in MivacunaLA (n = 246), in comparison to the control group, were 15 percentage points more likely (p = 0.04) to report vaccination of minors aged 12–17 years, and 12 percentage points more likely (p = 0.03) to report a positive intention to vaccinate minors aged 2–11 years (when COVID-19 vaccines became available). Mobile phone-delivered digital interventions using videos and culturally tailored educational material to promote COVID-19 vaccine confidence can be an effective way to combat misinformation and deliver timely information to marginalized communities. Community-based participatory research approaches are crucial to advance health equity among minority communities, especially immigrant Spanish-speaking underserved communities
Why people use social media: An investigation of engagement on an all-service platform
Get PDFThis study provides the first investigation of the complete group of variables in the expanded theory of uses and gratifications on consumer engagement in an all-service social media platform. Consumer engagement is measured both from a psychological state and behavioral perspective, an approach which is important since the antecedent variables in uses and gratifications theory have both psychological and behavioral manifestations. A survey is conducted in Mainland China on WeChat with 805 respondents. Antecedent variables and consumer engagement are measured using previously validated scales. Regression analyses find that the antecedent variables of entertainment, integration/social interaction, personal identity, information, remuneration, and empowerment are significantly associated with consumer engagement on WeChat. Age and gender relationships are also explored in correlation and regression analyses, with associations strongest among males and older groups. The results give added support to the relevance of the uses and gratifications theoretical framework