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Coomassie Brilliant Blue Dye as a Method for Analyzing Fracture Markings in Bone
Get PDFCoomassie Brilliant Blue Dye is a dye commonly used to stain proteins. Because of its ability to adhere to proteins, this research has focused on perfecting a method of dyeing a fractured flat bone in order to most accurately observe and analyze fracture markings within the trabecular layer. Stereoscopic microscopy was the chosen technique of analysis for this research because of its proven effectiveness in glass and ceramic fractography to observe varying depths. In order to most effectively apply stereoscopic microscopy to this research, the following variables were manipulated to maximize color contrast in the trabecular layer in order to observe the clearest fracture markings: the drying time of the bone in an oven before dyeing, concentration of the Coomassie blue dye in ethanol, and number of rounds of dyeing the bone and rinsing with ethanol. To find the most effective procedure, seven fresh porcine scapulae were first dissected, then immediately broken via a weight drop. Multiple procedures were then investigated by drying the fractured bone in an oven for various lengths of time, dyeing the bone using varying procedures, and finally performing analysis using stereoscopic microscopy. Ultimately an ideal procedure was developed. In the future, this procedure has many implications for varying specialties within the scientific community such as in forensics and medical research. The ability to clearly observe and therefore accurately analyze these fracture markings could be beneficial in determining the origin of a fracture as well as the modes of fracture and stress states during fracture
Cognition: Sensation, Perception, and States of Consciousness
No full textThis chapter explores how experience with one’s environment shapes perception by creating perceptual expectations. Several factors may contribute to differences in people’s sensation and perception. These include physical and environmental conditions, genetic factors, socialization norms, and acculturation practices. Psychologists offer several hypotheses that explain cultural differences in illusion susceptibility. However, there are common perceptual mechanisms that lead to similarities across cultures in the perception of time and in aesthetic appreciation. In addition, the universal similarity in the anatomy and physiology of human sensory organs and the nervous system make it likely that sensory impressions and their transmission through the perceptual system are comparable across cultures. From a cultural standpoint, the normal flow of consciousness directs our behavior in ways that are adaptive in particular physical and social environments. While duration and patterns of sleep may vary individually and from culture to culture, the latent dream content is believed to be generally similar in people living in different cultures. Specialists should always take into consideration personal characteristics of the studied individuals and notice the particular life circumstances that influence individual experiences
Diabetes Management of Incarcerated Individuals: Is the Federal Bureau of Prisons Contributing to Worsening Diabetic Conditions?
Get PDFThere are many issues related to noncommunicable disease care in federal prisons, which fall under the management of the U.S. Bureau of Prisons, a federal agency. Although there are many noncommunicable diseases, this comment specifically focuses on diabetes because of its prevalence (how common it is in individuals), especially in incarcerated individuals. Prison and incarceration are not conducive to the management of diabetes because diabetes may not even show symptoms until an individual mismanages the disease for a long time. An individual could first appear normal and then suffer a diabetic emergency, which could lead to consequences like heart attack and stroke. The question explored in this note is whether the mismanagement of diabetic care within the federal prison system is contributing to the worsening condition of an incarcerated diabetic. The note will focus on the federal prison system because federal prisons under the U.S. Bureau of Prisons play an important role in serving as models for local and state jails, which face similar obstacles when it comes to diabetes management
