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Do Preschoolers Imagine Different Things as Their Experience Expands? a Turkish Longitudinal Study
No full textPreschoolers have different experiences in different environments. These experiences can stimulate children’s imaginations. This longitudinal study examines the impact of preschool children’s three-year experiences in early childhood institutions, which are their primary educational environments. The question ‘Do preschoolers imagine different things as their experience expands?’ was discussed by examining the drawings and narratives of a total of 15 children aged 3, 4 and 5 who attend kindergarten in a city centre in southwest Türkiye. The children were asked to draw their imagining and describe these drawings. Children’s drawings and narratives during the three-year study were evaluated as quantitative and qualitative data. Preschoolers imagined mostly on four topics involving plants, people, animals and place. Children’s narratives reveal the richness of their imagination. © 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor ; Francis Group
Duygusal emek ve örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki ilişkide iş tatmininin aracılık rolü
No full textThe purpose of this study is to understand the complex relationship between employees' emotional experiences, their commitment to their work, and their satisfaction with their jobs. In this complex relationship, how job satisfaction affects the link between emotional labor and organizational commitment is emphasized. For this purpose, the relationship between emotional labor and organizational commitment was tried to be explained by the mediating role of job satisfaction. In addition, it was aimed to discuss the three-dimensional structure of deep action, fake emotions and concealed emotions, which were put forward by Lee and Brotheridge (2011) as sub-dimensions of emotional labor. Models and hypotheses were created in line with the purpose of the study.
The study was conducted with service sector employees who interact directly with customers in Antalya province. Data were collected using a survey technique from 372 participants who were selected through convenience sampling. In the analysis of the data, AMOS and LISREL programs were used to perform descriptive statistics and factor analysis, as well as structural equation modeling. As a result of the structural equation model analysis, it was revealed that job satisfaction has a full mediating role in the relationship between emotional labor and organizational commitment. In addition, it was observed that employees' organizational commitment and job satisfaction were negatively affected by fake emotions and positively affected by deep action and concealed emotions, which are emotional labor sub-dimensions.Bu çalışmanın amacı, çalışanların duygusal deneyimleri, işlerine bağlılıkları ve işleriyle ilgili memnuniyetleri arasındaki karmaşık ilişkiyi anlamaktır. Bu karmaşık ilişkide, iş tatmininin duygusal emek ve örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki bağlantıyı nasıl etkilediği üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu amaçla, duygusal emek ve örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki ilişki iş tatmininin aracılık rolü ile açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, Lee ve Brotheridge (2011) tarafından duygusal emeğin alt boyutları olarak ileri sürülen derinlemesine eylem, sahte duygular ve gizlenen duygular biçimindeki üç boyutlu yapının tartışmaya açılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda model ve hipotezler oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma Antalya ilinde müşterilerle doğrudan etkileşimde bulunan hizmet sektörü çalışanları ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 372 katılımcıdan anket tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, AMOS ve LISREL programlarından faydalanılarak tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve faktör analizlerinin yanı sıra yapısal eşitlik modellemesinden yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan yapısal eşitlik modeli analizi neticesinde duygusal emek ile örgütsel bağlılık ilişkisinde iş tatmininin tam aracılık rolüne sahip olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca, çalışanların örgütsel bağlılıkları ile iş tatminlerinin, duygusal emek alt boyutlarından sahte duygulardan negatif; derinlemesine eylem ve gizlenen duygulardan ise pozitif yönde anlamlı bir şekilde etkilendiği görülmüştür
Evaluation of Nursing Students' Knowledge on Dental Injuries
No full textBackground/Aims: Emergency department visits for dental issues are mainly related to traumatic injuries. Knowledge of emergency department staff regarding diagnosis and treatment of dentofacial injuries is quite significant for prognosis of teeth and peripheral tissues. The aim of this study is to assess attitude, knowledge, education and self-confidence of undergraduate nursing students, who will work at emergency departments in the future, regarding diagnosis and treatment of dental traumatic injuries. Materials and Methods: This survey was prepared by modifying questions of the previous survey that had been internationally published. It was a face-to-face survey consisting of 15 questions regarding management of the dental traumas. Questions addressing participants' genders and year of study were added to the survey form. The survey was distributed to 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th-year undergraduate nursing students. Analysis results were presented in the form of frequencies. Pearson's chi-squared test and the Fisher-Freeman-Halton test were used for analysis of the categorical data. Multiple comparisons were made using the Bonferroni-correction Z test. The level of significance was set at p 0.05. Results: The survey was responded by a total of 297 participants, including 47 men and 250 women. Participants consisted of 35.4% first-year, 28.6% second-year, 15.5% third-year, and 20.5% fourth-year nursing students. The third-year undergraduate students believed that they had adequate knowledge, and they were also the group that most strongly supported for administration of tetanus vaccine (p 0.05). No significant difference was observed among nursing students regarding other topics. Students' knowledge and awareness levels respecting particularly avulsion injuries were found to be inadequate regardless of their year of study. Conclusions: Knowledge of most undergraduate nursing students regarding diagnosis and treatment of dentofacial traumatic injuries were insufficient. An additional education is required for students during and after their formal education to manage dental traumas following graduation
The Relationship Between Ergosterol and Alternaria Mycotoxins in Tomatoes With Different Surface Decayed Proportions
No full textThis study evaluates the relationship between ergosterol (ERG) and Alternaria mycotoxins (AOH, AME, TenA) concentrations in tomato samples with varying decay levels. Using Rio Grande tomatoes, decay levels ranged from 89% to 99%. Samples were categorized based on visible mold, processed into pulp, and evaluated for quality parameters such as soluble solids, pH, acidity, and color. HPLC determined ERG, TenA, AOH, and AME levels, providing data on standard curve linearity, detection limit, recovery, and precision. Correlations between decay proportions and toxin concentrations were analyzed to understand variable relationships and quality implications for the tomato industry. Results indicate significant (p0.05) effects of decay levels on toxin concentrations, emphasizing the importance of these measures for tomato quality assessment. The strong correlations among parameters underscore their relevance for quality control in tomato processing. This study contributes valuable insights for future research in this domain.The authors would like to acknowledge the Honaz Tomato Paste Factory, for funding this research and providing the samples.Honaz Tomato Paste Factor
Alternate-Day Fasting Modulates Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Lipid Metabolism in Young and Middle-Aged Rats
No full textBackground: This study aimed to investigate the effects of alternate-day fasting (ADF) on body weight (BW), fat distribution, and key molecular markers related to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1(SREBP-1) in young (3-month-old) and middle-aged (16-month-old) rats. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Group1 (ad libitum(AL)-fed young rats), Group2 (ADF-young rats), Group3 (AL-fed middle-aged rats), and Group4 (ADF-middle-aged rats). ADF was implemented as a 24 h feeding period followed by 24 h of fasting for 28 days. Serum and liver samples were analyzed via ELISA for SREBP-1, protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor-6 (ATF6), and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) levels. Results: Compared with Group-1, Group-3 had significantly greater BW and retroperitoneal fat content (p = 0.001). ADF reduced BW in young rats (Group-2 vs. Group-1,p = 0.015) but not in middle-aged rats (Group-4 vs. Group-3,p = 0.073). ADF significantly reduced fat accumulation in middle-aged rats (Group-4 vs. Group-3 p = 0.001), although fat accumulation was greater in middle-aged rats than in young rats (p = 0.001). Serum and liver PERK,GRP78,ATF6, and SREBP-1 levels were significantly greater in AL-fed middle-aged rats (Group-3 vs. Group-1,p 0.05), indicating that ERS and lipid dysregulation increase with age. ADF significantly reduced these markers in middle-aged rats (Group-4 vs. Group-3,p 0.05), suggesting a protective effect. Additionally, ADF lowered serum and liver SREBP-1 levels in young rats (Group-2 vs. Group-1,p = 0.003), highlighting its role in lipid metabolism regulation. Conclusions: ADF appears to be a promising nonpharmacological approach for mitigating age-related metabolic and molecular disturbances. Further research is warranted to explore its long-term effects and translational potential in human aging. © The Author(s) 2025.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTA
Ai-Powered Screening for Psoriatic Arthritis: a Comparative Study With Existing Tools
No full textKarstarli Bakay, Ozge Sevil/0000-0002-1523-3187Aim: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is common in psoriasis patients but is sometimes overlooked. Delayed diagnosis of PsA can lead to joint erosion, axial damage, and impaired physical function. Screening tools are essential for early diagnosis and selecting the right patients for rheumatological evaluation. We aimed to develop a practical and comprehensive screening tool using the ChatGPT and compare its performance with that of validated questionnaires. Material and Methods: A prospective study was conducted on adult psoriasis patients who had musculoskeletal complaints but were not diagnosed with PsA. Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered PsA screening (AIPS) was developed by selecting questions on peripheral arthritis, axial inflammation, and enthesitis from multivariate analyses conducted via Chat GPT 4.0. The Psoriasis Epidemiology Screening Tool (PEST), the Early Arthritis for Psoriatic Patients Questionnaire (EARP), and the AIPS questionnaires were completed concurrently by all psoriasis patients. All patients were evaluated for PSA diagnosis by three rheumatologists who were blinded to the questionnaire responses. Results: The study included 199 patients, 115 (57.8%) of whom were female. The mean age was 44.4 +/- 13.3 years. PSA was detected in 84 psoriasis patients (42.2%). The sensitivity of the EARP questionnaire, 98%, was greater than those of the AIPS and PEST questionnaires, which had 92% and 83% sensitivity values, respectively. However, the AIPS had a higher specificity at 96% than did the PEST and EARP, with specificities of 91% and 80%, respectively. Discussion: The AIPS questionnaire is an effective tool for screening for PsA, exhibiting high sensitivity and specificity. Artificial intelligence can help screen patients, saving time and money
Investigation of the Effect of Different It-Bridge Units on the Optical and Electrical Properties of Carbazole-Based Polymers
No full textRecent advances in science and technology have increased interest in the synthesis of new materials and their potential applications. The choice of bridge units in molecular architecture plays a crucial role in obtaining conjugated materials with desired properties. The main highlight of this work is to study of the effect of two different it-bridges on the structural, optical, electrical, and electronic properties of carbazole-based compounds. Herein, two monomers with structurally donor-it-conjugated linker-donor (D-it-D) architecture containing carbazole as the D unit and glyoxal or terephthalaldehyde as it-conjugated linkers were designed and synthesized. The structural properties of (1E,2E)-N1,N2-bis(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)ethane-1,2-diimine (namely Cz-Gly) and 1,1 '-(1,4-phenylene)bis(N-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)methanimine) (namely Cz-Tpa) were successfully characterized by different spectroscopic techniques (NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, fluorescence, and mass) and elemental analysis. Also, the structure-property relationships of monomers with different it-bridges were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) with the Beck3-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) hybrid functional level and 6-31G(d,p) basis set. The pCz-Gly and pCz-Tpa polymer thin films were synthesized using electropolymerization on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) substrates. The role of different bridge units on the electrochemical, optical, and morphological properties of the polymers was investigated in detail. The pCz-Tpa with the rigid and conjugated bridge unit exhibited higher optical contrast and coloration efficiency, faster switching time, and better electrochemical stability than pCz-Gly. Furthermore, the pCz-Tpa polymer film also revealed distinct color changes from a transparent at neutral state to light pink, orangey brown, light green, and green oxidized forms. These superior properties make the prepared pCz-Tpa polymer film a potential candidate for next-generation applications such as electrochromic devices, supercapacitors, photovoltaic cells, etc. The present work provides an effective strategy to obtain high-performance materials by selecting the appropriate donor and it-bridge units
Derin öğrenme yaklaşımı ile döviz kuru tahmini: Türkiye örneği
No full textBu tez, Türkiye ekonomisi bağlamında döviz kuru tahmini için derin öğrenme modellerinin etkinliğini incelemektedir. Döviz kuru, ekonomik istikrar ve makroekonomik politika kararlarında kritik bir değişken olup doğrusal olmayan dinamiklere sahip karmaşık bir süreçle belirlenmektedir. Geleneksel ekonometrik yöntemlerin bu karmaşıklığı yeterince yakalayamaması nedeniyle derin öğrenme teknikleri son yıllarda döviz kuru tahmininde giderek daha fazla tercih edilmektedir. Çalışmada, USD/TL ve EUR/TL döviz kurlarının tahmini için LSTM, GRU, Bi-LSTM, Bi-GRU gibi RNN tabanlı modellerin yanı sıra, CNN ile birleştirilmiş hibrit modeller kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan veri seti, Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası’nın günlük kapanış fiyatlarından oluşmakta olup, Türkiye ekonomisindeki yapısal dönüşümlere göre üç dönemde analiz edilmiştir: 2001’de esnek kur rejimine geçiş, 2010’da finansal istikrar politikalarının uygulanmaya başlanması ve 2016 sonrası ekonomik dalgalanmalar. Bulgular, kısa vadeli analizlerde ani dalgalanmaların eğitim setine dahil edilmesinin modellerin performansını artırdığını, uzun vadeli analizlerde ise modellerin ani değişimlere daha duyarsız kaldığını göstermektedir. Özellikle uzun ve orta vadeli analizlerde CNN tabanlı hibrit modellerin özellik çıkarma yetenekleri sayesinde geleneksel RNN tabanlı modellere göre daha yüksek doğruluk sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Modellerin performansı MAE, MSE, RMSE ve R² metrikleri ile değerlendirildiğinde, CNN/Bi-LSTM ve CNN/Bi-GRU gibi hibrit yaklaşımların en iyi tahmin sonuçlarını verdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, döviz kuru tahmininde derin öğrenmenin potansiyelini ortaya koymakta ve gelecekte bu alanda yapılacak çalışmalara ışık tutmaktadır.This thesis investigates the effectiveness of deep learning models for exchange rate forecasting in the context of the Turkish economy. The exchange rate is a critical variable in economic stability and macroeconomic policy decisions and is determined by a complex process with nonlinear dynamics. Since traditional econometric methods cannot adequately capture this complexity, deep learning techniques have been increasingly preferred in exchange rate forecasting in recent years. In this study, RNN-based models such as LSTM, GRU, Bi-LSTM, Bi-GRU as well as hybrid models combined with CNN are used to predict USD/TL and EUR/TL exchange rates. The data set used in the study consists of the daily closing prices of the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey and is analyzed in three periods according to the structural transformations in the Turkish economy: The transition to a flexible exchange rate regime in 2001, the introduction of financial stability policies in 2010 and the economic fluctuations after 2016. The findings show that the inclusion of sudden fluctuations in the training set improves the performance of the models in short-term analyses, while in long-term analyses, the models are more insensitive to sudden changes. Especially in long-term and medium-term analyses, CNN-based hybrid models provide higher accuracy than traditional RNN-based models thanks to their feature extraction capabilities. When the performance of the models is evaluated with MAE, MSE, RMSE and R² metrics, it is found that hybrid approaches such as CNN/Bi-LSTM and CNN/Bi-GRU provide the best prediction results. This study reveals the potential of deep learning in exchange rate forecasting and sheds light on future studies in this field
Higher Risk of Recurrence in Partially Thrombosed Cerebral Aneurysms Post-Web (Woven Endobridge) Device Treatment: Insights From the Worldwideweb Consortium Registry
No full textSalim, Hamza/0000-0002-5208-8425; Pero, Guglielmo/0000-0002-8932-6909; Musmar, Basel/0009-0000-4910-6090Background The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device is a prevalent treatment for intracranial aneurysms. While many studies have assessed the obliteration rate post-WEB embolization, few have focused on long-term outcomes in partially thrombosed aneurysms. Objective To assess whether partially thrombosed aneurysms are at higher risk of recurrence or retreatment following WEB embolization compared with non-thrombosed aneurysms. Methods We evaluated data from 22 academic institutions, focusing on previously untreated cerebral aneurysms treated with the WEB device. Logistic regression was utilized to analyze factors predicting long-term aneurysm obliteration and retreatment necessity. Results Among 1303 patients, 26 presented with a partially thrombosed aneurysm. In the partially thrombosed group, the mean aneurysm maximal diameter was 10.7 +/- 4 mm with a neck ratio of 1.99 +/- 1.19 mm, larger than in the control group where the mean aneurysm maximal diameter was 6.81 +/- 2.37 mm with a neck ratio of 1.64 +/- 0.51 mm (P0.001 for both maximal diameter and neck ratio). At the final follow-up, partially thrombosed aneurysms treated by the WEB device had a 38.5% retreatment rate, compared with 7.0% for non-thrombosed aneurysms (P0.001). Among partially thrombosed aneurysms, the Raymond-Roy type IIIa/b occlusion rate was higher (38.5% vs 9.9%, P0.001). On multivariate analysis, partially thrombosed aneurysms compared with non-thrombosed aneurysms had an increased rate of retreatment (OR 3.64, 95% CI 1.28 to 10.1). Conclusion Partially thrombosed aneurysms are associated with a poorer occlusion rate and a higher rate of retreatment following WEB embolization. For partially thrombosed aneurysms, the WEB device appears suboptimal as a first-line treatment, and therefore alternative techniques should be prioritized
Evaluation of Clinical Decision-Making Perception of Nursing Students: the Aegean Region Case
No full textBackground The clinical learning environment is crucial for developing essential clinical decision-making skills in nursing students. This study examined nursing students' perceptions of clinical decision-making and the factors that impact it. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire, which included a personal information form and the Clinical Decision-Making in Nursing Scale (CDMNS). The study was conducted across ten universities in the Aegean region. Data collection took place at times most convenient for the students, such as during class sessions or lunch breaks. Prior to participation, students were briefed on the study's objectives and procedures. Those who agreed to participate provided informed consent before completing the questionnaire. Researchers remained present while students filled out the questionnaire to clarify any questions they had. Results A considerable proportion of students (72.6%) had never received formal education on clinical decision-making. The average CDMNS score was 140.24 +/- 17.04, aligning with findings from previous research. A statistically significant difference was observed in the total mean CDMNS score and sub-dimension scores (searching for alternatives, questioning goals and values, evaluating outcomes, seeking information, and objectively integrating new knowledge) based on the university attended (p 0.001). Conclusions The findings suggest that nursing students in the Aegean Region demonstrated a moderate level of perceived clinical decision-making skills. To enhance these skills further, it is recommended that alternative educational approaches, such as simulation-based training, case study discussions, and mentoring programmes, be integrated into nursing education and their effectiveness assessed