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Sex Estimation by Morphometric Analysis of the Intracranial Volume and Foramen Magnum on Three-Dimensional Volume Rendering Computed Tomography
No full textPurpose: Identification of decomposed human bodies and bone remains is very important in medicolegal examinations. The cranium has an important place in sex estimation due to its dimorphic features. Recent studies in this field have used radiological methods. The present study aimed to examine sexual dimorphism through morphometric analysis of the intracranial volume and Foramen Magnum on Three-Dimensional (3D) Volume Rendering Computed Tomography (CT) images. Material and methods: For this purpose, 3D images were generated after the reconstruction of CT Angiography scans of 87 female and 107 male cases. The length, width, circumference, area, and intracranial volume of the foramen magnum were measured on these 3D images. Results: All measurements except foramen magnum index were greater in males than in females (length of foramen magnum p=0.0001; breadth of foramen magnum p=0.0001; foramen magnum area p=0.0001; foramen magnum circumference p=0.0001). The single best sex-discriminatory measurement was intracranial volume, with an accuracy rate of 84.5%. The best sex-discriminatory parameter in foramen magnum measurements was the length of the foramen magnum, with a rate of 74.2%. Intracranial volume was positively correlated with all parameters in male except for the foramen magnum index (length p=0.000; breadth p=0.000; area p=0.000; circumference p=0.000; index p=0.747). Conclusion: Three-dimensional volume rendering CT images showed sexual dimorphism in the intracranial volume and foramen magnum. The use of radiological methods in forensic investigations may allow for examinations of decomposed human bodies without the need for maceration procedures. It may also help create databases by examining population-specific differences in today's societies. © 2025, Pamukkale University. All rights reserved
The Relationship Between Maternal Attachment and Sexual Self-Confidence in Breastfeeding Women
No full textBayir, Berna/0000-0003-1304-7767IntroductionMaternal attachment and sexuality are sensitive issues affected by many factors, especially in breastfeeding women. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal attachment and sexual self-confidence in breastfeeding women.MethodsThe research was conducted as a descriptive relationship-seeking study. The data of the study was collected from 315 women between March 2022 and August 2022. The study data were collected through social media by transforming the personal information form, the sexual self-confidence scale, and the maternal attachment scale into an online questionnaire.ResultsMaternal attachment was found to be quite high with a score of 94.89 +/- 3.02, and the total mean score of the sexual self-confidence scale was found to be 30.61 +/- 6.37. It was seen that primiparous women had the highest mean of 96.87 +/- 2.46 according to maternal attachment mean. It was observed that the highest value in the sexual self-confidence scale was found in women who graduated from primary school with an average of 32.06 +/- 8.49. It was determined that there was a weak negative relationship between maternal attachment and sexual self-confidence.ConclusionsIt was observed that the demographic characteristics of breastfeeding women did not make a difference in maternal attachment or sexual self-confidence, and there was no significant relationship between maternal attachment and women's sexual self-confidence.Policy ImplicationsA better understanding of maternal attachment and sexual expectations in breastfeeding women has social and research implications. Healthcare professionals, especially nurses, should evaluate maternal attachment and sexual expectations in breastfeeding women and include them in their practices.Pamukkale UniversityThanks are due to all the women who participated in this research
Kadın girişimciliği; Denizli kadın kooperatiflerinde bir araştırma
No full textKadın kooperatifleri; kadınların ekonomik ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak amacıyla onları işgücü piyasasına dâhil ederken, karşılaştıkları zorluklar ve sahip oldukları hakları hakkında toplumsal farkındalıkların artmasına katkı sağlayan kuruluşlardır. Bu kuruluşlar, kadınları destekleyerek onların sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri doğrultusunda sağlıklı, gelişmiş ve daha güvenli bir çevrede yaşamalarına aracı olarak aynı zamanda kadınların girişimcilik ruhunu da beslemektedir. Kadın kooperatifleri, girişimci kadınların bireysel girişimcilik eğilimlerini destekleyip şekillendirerek sundukları; eğitim, finansal destek, dayanışma ve sosyal ağlar ile onların girişimcilik hedeflerine ulaşmalarını sağlayan önemli bir güçtür. Bu nedenle bu çalışmanın amacı; kadın kooperatiflerinde çalışan kadınların girişimcilik düzeylerinin belirlenmesine yöneliktir. Araştırmanın evrenini Denizli ilinde faaliyet gösteren kadın kooperatiflerinde çalışan kadın girişimciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada kullanılan verilerin toplanmasında anket tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal-Wallis testleri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda kadın kooperatiflerinde çalışan kadın girişimcilerin girişimcilik düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca kadın kooperatiflerinde çalışanlarının girişimcilik eğilimlerinin çeşitli demografik değişkenler açısından farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir.Women's cooperatives; They are organizations that contribute to increasing social awareness about the difficulties they face and the rights they have, while including women in the labor market in order to meet their economic needs. These organizations support women and help them live in a healthy, developed and safer environment in line with sustainable development goals, while also nurturing women's entrepreneurial spirit. Women's cooperatives support and shape the individual entrepreneurial tendencies of entrepreneurial women and offer; It is an important power that enables them to achieve their entrepreneurial goals with education, financial support, solidarity and social networks. Therefore, the aim of this study is; It aims to determine the entrepreneurship levels of women working in women's cooperatives. The population of the research consists of women entrepreneurs working in women's cooperatives operating in Denizli province. Survey technique was used in collecting the data used in the research. The analysis of the data was carried out with descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the entrepreneurship levels of women entrepreneurs working in women's cooperatives were high. It was also determined that the entrepreneurship tendencies of women employees in women's cooperatives differed in terms of various demographic variables
Terbinafine-Loaded Biocompatible Hydrogel Patches Composed of Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate and Methacrylic Acid With Remarkable Antifungal Activities
No full textOral administration of terbinafine hydrochloride for the treatment of superficial mycoses in the targeted skin area may require high concentrations due to first-pass metabolism and intensive plasma protein binding. To address these challenges, this study aimed to fabricate hydrogel patches for localized delivery of terbinafine hydrochloride. The patches were developed using methacrylic acid and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate monomers through a free radical polymerization technique. Infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and time-dependent swelling tests were performed to examine the physicochemical, structural, and morphological characteristics of hydrogel patches. Hydrogels exhibit interconnected highly porous structures suitable for drug loading and controlled release. Biocompatibility was assessed through in vitro cytotoxicity and comet assays, showing no significant cytotoxic or genotoxic effects on human embryonic kidney cells, even at high extract concentrations. Terbinafine was loaded into biocompatible hydrogels with different monomer ratios, and it was found that both the loading content (from 3.84 to 5.83%) and the entrapment efficiency (from 26.63 to 41.45%) increased as the methacrylic acid composition increased. These patches can release the drug at higher concentrations depending on their methacrylic acid content while retaining the drug's inhibitory action on yeast microbiological growth. These findings suggest that the developed hydrogel patches could serve as efficient platforms for topical antifungal therapy following further clinical studies.Graphical abstractHydrogel patches with antifungal activitiesScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBIdot;TAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUB ; Idot;TAK)
Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the Fluid Intake Appraisal Inventory in Adults Receiving Hemodialysis
No full textCeylan, Hatice/0000-0001-6423-6010; Yangoz, Sefika Tugba/0000-0001-9711-2620; Lindberg, Magnus/0000-0003-1289-9896IntroductionEffective self-management of fluid intake in hemodialysis relies on self-efficacy. Although regular assessments with valid tools are crucial, no suitable measurement exists for the Turkish population. This study evaluates the reliability, validity, and interpretability of the Turkish version of the Fluid Intake Appraisal Inventory.MethodsThis cross-sectional study collected data from December 2021 to November 2022. It analyzed reliability, validity, and interpretability.ResultsThe 202 adults receiving hemodialysis were evaluated. The scale showed high internal consistency with Cronbach alpha = 0.954 and good test-retest reliability with intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.975, 95% confidence interval: 0.786-0.992, and no measurement error. It demonstrated excellent content validity with scale level content validity index >= 0.90 and good construct validity with a negative moderate correlation to interdialytic weight gain. For structural validity, the model fit indices were chi 2/df = 5.7, root mean square error of approximation = 0.15, goodness of fit indexes = 0.58, Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.57, comparative fit index = 0.6, and standardized root mean square residual = 0.10.ConclusionThis inventory is a valid and reliable tool for assessing self-efficacy in fluid intake among the Turkish hemodialysis population
Epidemiological, Clinical and Microbiological Aspects of Infective Endocarditis in Türkiye
No full textOzturk, Serpil/0000-0002-1967-6401Purpose Infective endocarditis (IE) is a evolving disease with a shifting epidemiology and disease burden over time. This study aimed to compare the epidemiological and clinical aspects of IE over three time periods across eleven years. Methods This was a retrospective cohort, multicenter study conducted in T ; uuml;rkiye, comparing three periods: 2013-2016, 2017-2020, and 2021-2023. Epidemiological and microbiological characteristics, as well as patient outcomes, were analyzed and compared across these periods. Results A total of 1,044 patients diagnosed with IE were included. The median (Q1-Q3) age was 57 (44-68) years, with an increasing pattern (p 0.001). Throughout the study period, the prevalence of intracardiac devices increased, whereas the prevalence of degenerative and congenital heart diseases declined. Among all patients, the most frequently identified pathogens were staphylococci (36.4%), followed by streptococci (14.0%) and enterococci (11.9%). Throughout the three periods, there was a significant increase in staphylococci, with S. aureus emerging as the predominant pathogen in all type IE. The in-hospital mortality rate among all patients was 22.5%. Independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality included >= 65 age(OR = 1.9), chronic kidney disease (OR = 1.9), nosocomial acquisition (OR = 2.1), Candida spp. infection (OR = 2.9), prosthetic valve IE (OR = 1.9), vegetation size > 15 mm (OR = 1.6), and central nervous system emboli (OR = 2). Conclusion The epidemiology of IE is undergoing significant changes, leading to shifts in microbiological profiles and clinical presentations. Effective management of IE should be guided by established clinical guidelines while integrating up-to-date epidemiological data to ensure comprehensive and evidence-based patient care.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBIdot;TAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUB ; Idot;TAK). Not applicable. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose
Determination of Macro and Microelement Content of Some Virginia Market Type Peanut Varieties
No full textThis study was designed to investigate the macro and micronutrient contents of 10 different Virginia market peanut cultivars under Kahramanmaras conditions for 2 years. Ar ; imath;o ; gbreve;lu 2003, Halisbey, Osmaniye 2005, and Sultan varieties registered by ; Ccedil;ukurova University, Batem 5025, Batem Cihangir, Brantley, NC-7, and Wilson varieties registered by Western Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute, Brantley, NC-7, and Wilson varieties originating from the USA, and lastly Flower-22 variety originating from China were used as material. The research was conducted for two years (2018-2019) under main crop conditions in the experimental fields of Kahramanmara ; scedil; S ; uuml;t ; ccediluuml; ; Idot;mam University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Application and Research Centre. It was observed that the cultivars were considerably different in terms of macro and micronutrient contents, and the variety-year interactions were significant. The two-year average results showed that the highest N, P, Fe, Ni, and Cu contents were obtained from the Flower-22 variety, the highest K and Ca contents were obtained from the Batem Cihangir variety, and the highest Zn contents were obtained from Sultan and Osmaniye-2005 varieties. Principal component biplot analyses (PCA) accounted for 52.7% of the relationships between the studied traits. As a consequence of the study, it was observed that P value had positive and important relationships with Fe, Zn, Mo and Cu contents, Ca content had positive and important relationships with Fe, Mn, Ni, and Cu, and K values had negative and important relationships with Fe, Mn and Ni.The authors would like to thank the Kahramanmara ; scedil; Sutcu ; Idot;mam University Committee of Scientific Research Projects. This study is supported by Kahramanmara ; scedil; Sutcu ; Idot;mam University. Project Number: 2020/6-11 DKahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University [2020/6-11 D
Supporting Girls' Engineering Habits of Mind With Stem Education
No full textCanbeldek Erol, Merve/0000-0003-3100-2220; Erol, Ahmet/0000-0002-7538-952XSTEM is a field where gender stereotypes regarding men persist. Women are underrepresented compared to men in STEM fields. The social belief that engineering is only for men discourages young girls from pursuing such endeavors. Encouraging young girls to enter STEM fields is crucial to dispel these stereotypes. Therefore, one of the essential aspects of beginning STEM education in early childhood is dismantling the gendered perception of professions. This study aimed to support girls' engineering habits of mind (EHoM) with STEM education. The participants in the study were eight 5-year-old children. Children participated in six STEM activities for 12 weeks. Two days per week and 120 min per day were devoted to practice. We collected the data using the observation protocol, interview protocol, and reflective diary and analyzed it using content analysis. We explained the results within the context of six fundamental EHoM mentioned previously in the literature: systems thinking, creativity, optimism, collaboration, communication, and attention to ethical considerations. While collaboration, communication, systems thinking, and creativity were the most utilized habits of mind in STEM education, attention to ethical considerations was the least used. The girls found numerous opportunities to support their EHoM in this process. Our findings indicate that STEM education can help girls' EHoM
Okul Dışı Öğrenme Ortamlarında Gerçekleştirilen Fen Öğretiminin Akademik Başarı ve Bilimsel Epistemolojik İnançlara Etkisinin İncelenmesi: Güneş Sistemi ve Ötesi Ünitesi Örneği
No full textThe aim of this study was determined to examine the effects of out- of-school learning environment supported teaching on the academic success and scientific epistemological beliefs of 7th grade students in the 'Solar System and Beyond' unit in a middle school science course. The research was conducted using the pre-test-post-test control group model used within the scope of quasi-experimental models. The participants of the research were 70 7th grade students studying in a state secondary school in Pamukkale District of Denizli Province in the 2023-2024 academic year. The students in the control group were taught in accordance with the Science Course Curriculum. In addition to this, activities carried out in out-of-school environments such as planetarium, observatory, and outdoor sky observation were applied to the students in the experimental group. The data obtained during the research were collected through the 'Solar System and Beyond Unit Achievement Test' and the 'Scientific Epistemological Beliefs Scale'. In the analysis of the sub-problems included in the research, t-test was applied for independent groups. At the end of the study, it was concluded that there was a statistically significant difference of 0.05 in favor of the experimental group between the scientific epistemological beliefs and academic achievements of the students in the experimental group where the application was made and the students in the control group where the application was not made, from the groups that had no differences at the beginning. This difference asserts that the activities carried out in out-of-school learning environments in the experimental group were more effective than in the control group
Ergen kız yüzme sporcularının ve antrenörlerinin sorunları, başa çıkma yöntemleri
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı ergen kız yüzme sporcularının ve antrenörlerinin sorunlarını
tanımlamak, sorunlarla başa çıkma yöntemlerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaçla erken kız
yüzme sporcularının yaşadığı sorunlar l a ilgili görüşleri psikososyal gelişim
perspektifinden aktarıl maya çalışıl mıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada ergenlik döneminin getirdiği
sorunların sporcu antrenör arasında yol açtığı sorunlar da değerlendirilmeye çalışılmış
hem sporcunun hem de antrenörünün yaşanan sorunlarla nasıl başa çık tığı incelenerek
başa çıkma teorisi çerçevesinde değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji deseni ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Araştırmaya 15 17 yaş kategorisinde yüz me sporu yapan 8 kız sporcu ve bu sporcuların
antrenörlüğünü yapan 7 antrenör katılmıştır. Veriler, görüşme yöntemiyle toplanmıştır.
Araştırmada araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen ve yarı yapılandırılmış sorulardan
oluşturulmuş bir görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Bu formda sporculara yö nelik 11 ve
antrenörlerine yönelik 12 soru bulunmaktadır. Toplanan veriler içerik analizi yöntemi yle,
nitel araştırma programı MAXQDA 2022 kullanılarak öncelikle ortak kavramsal kodlar
oluşturulup akabinde ilgili temaların oluşturulması ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın
bulgularına göre sporcuların en temel sorununun okul hayatı ile spor faaliyetlerini
dengelemek olduğu , antrenörlerin yaşadığı en temel sorunun ise cinsiyet farklıl ıklarının
oluşturduğu sorunlar olduğu; her iki grubun sorunlarla başa çıkma yöntemi olarak en çok
destek alma yöntemi kullandıkları görülmüştür . Sonuç olarak, kız yüzme sporcularının
ergenlik döneminden kaynaklı sorunlar yaşadığı, bu sorunların ant renörleriyle ilişkilerine
ve spor performanslarına yansıdığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, ergen
kız yüzme sporcularının ve antrenörlerinin zorluklarını anlamak ve başa çıkma stratejileri
geliştirmek adına önemli ipuçları sunmaktadır.The aim of this study is to define the problems of adolescent girl swimmers and their coaches and to reveal the methods of coping with the problems. For this purpose, the views of early girl swimmers on the problems they experience were tried to be conveyed from the perspective of psychosocial development. In addition, the study tried to evaluate the problems caused by the problems of adolescence between the athlete and the coach, and how both the athlete and the coach coped with the problems experienced was examined and evaluated within the framework of coping theory. The study was carried out with the phenomenology design, which is one of the qualitative research methods. 8 girl athletes who do swimming sports in the 15-17 age category and 7 coaches who coached these athletes participated in the study. Data were collected by interview method. An interview form developed by the researcher and consisting of semi-structured questions was used in the study. This form contains 11 questions for athletes and 12 questions for their coaches. The collected data were analyzed by content analysis method, using the qualitative research program MAXQDA 2022, first by creating common conceptual codes and then creating relevant themes. According to the findings of the study, the most basic problem of the athletes was balancing school life with sports activities, while the most basic problem experienced by the coaches was the problems caused by gender differences; it was seen that both groups mostly used the method of getting support as a method of coping with the problems. As a result, it was determined that the female swimming athletes experienced problems originating from the puberty period and that these problems were reflected in their relationships with their coaches and their sports performance. The study's findings provide important clues to understand the difficulties of adolescent female swimming athletes and their coaches and develop coping strategie