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GLIOGEL - Prevention of glioblastoma recurrence by injection in the resection cavity of a hydrogel formed by targeted lipid nanocapsules loaded with anticancer drugs
Full text linkEnhanced recovery after spine surgery: review of the literature
Full text linkThe concept of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) entails recovery facilitation of patients who undergo surgery through the implementation of a multidisciplinary and multimodal perioperative care approach. By its application, ERAS improves the overall functional outcome after surgery while maintaining high standards of care. A review of the essential aspects of ERAS in spine surgery was undertaken. Special consideration was given to the risks and benefits for patients and caregivers, as well as the medical and economical aspects of this concept. ABBREVIATIONS EBL = estimated blood loss; ERAS = Enhanced Recovery After Surgery; MISS = minimally invasive spine surgery; TLIF = transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion
Alveolar distraction osteogenesis of a fibula free flap in maxillary reconstruction
Full text linkIn maxillary reconstruction, it is challenging to obtain satisfactory maxillary projection and to optimizate the dental implant-prosthetic rehabilitation. We report a case of sagittal distraction of a fibula free flap used to reconstruct maxilla after a ballistic trauma. Distraction began seven days after implantation of the device. The distraction protocol was 0.9mm per day during a total period of 2 months. Cone beam computed tomography acquisitions were performed at 3 months after the end of the distraction. The distractor device was removed 5 months after the end of the distraction protocol to allow bone consolidation. A satisfactory total distraction of 7mm was obtained with an esthetic variation of the projection of the upper lip and closure of the nasolabial angle
The explanatory variables of narrative transportation and consumer engagement with a transmedia consumption experience
Full text linkProfessionals in the cultural sector are increasingly designing transmedia narrative devices. By that new strategy, they expect to increase cultural consumption and attendance. Considering the central role of the narrative transportation during the transmedia experience, this article presents results about six anticipated antecedents of this process experienced by users of a transmedia device that combines digital and physical elements, and deals with the heritage history of a French province. The six variables tested are gender, age, level of education (to describe the socio-demographic profile), geographical proximity (to proxy the familiarity with the topic and contents of the story told in the transmedia device), cultural expertise (to refer to the whole acquaintance with cultural consumption), and relationship with technology (to score the propensity to adopt new technology). Regarding the consequence of the narrative transportation, the model focuses on the consumer engagement toward both the object of narration that is referring to the topic cultural professionals wants theirs visitors and viewers to discover, and the cultural genre (here the heritage and history of the region). This paper concludes with a discussion of our main results and limitations
Breeding for carrot resistance to Alternaria dauci without compromising taste
Full text linkDeveloping carrot varieties highly resistant to Alternaria dauci is a top priority for breeders. Meanwhile, consumers are increasingly demanding as regards final product quality, particularly taste. Bitterness is one of the five common taste sensations, but it is rejected by most carrot consumers. Therefore, providing tools for efficient plant breeding of resistant, low bitter carrots would be helpful. While resistance QTLs (rQTLs) have already been identified for carrot resistance to A. dauci, the genetic control and mapping of the metabolites involved in bitterness perception have not been addressed so far. We identified the metabolites most involved in bitterness by combining chemical and sensory analyses of a set of resistant and susceptible carrot genotypes grown in different environments. We evaluated their genetic control and heritability in a segregating F2:3 population over 2 years of field trials and searched for colocalizations between rQTLs and metabolite QTLs (mQTLs) to evaluate the link between bitterness and resistance traits. Our results suggest that it is possible to increase resistance while favoring low bitter varieties by selecting genomic regions involved in the expression of one or the other trait and counter-selecting others when r- and mQTL colocalization is unfavorable
Stochastic resonance with unital quantum noise
Full text linkThe fundamental quantum information processing task of estimating the phase of a qubit is considered. Following quantum measurement, the estimation efficiency is evaluated by the classical Fisher information which determines the best performance limiting any estimator and achievable by the maximum likelihood estimator. The estimation process is analyzed in the presence of decoherence represented by essential quantum noises that can affect the qubit and belonging to the broad class of unital quantum noises. Such a class especially contains the bit-flip, the phase-flip, the depolarizing noises, or the whole family of Pauli noises. As the level of noise is increased, we report the possibility of non-standard behaviors where the estimation efficiency does not necessarily deteriorate uniformly, but can experience non-monotonic variations. Regimes are found where higher noise levels prove more favorable to estimation. Such behaviors are related to stochastic resonance effects in signal estimation, shown here feasible for the first time with unital quantum noises. The results provide enhanced appreciation of quantum noise or decoherence, manifesting that it is not always detrimental for quantum information processing
Di-O-lauroyl-decitabine-lipid nanocapsules: toward extending decitabine activity
Full text linkBackground: Acute myeloid leukemia mainly affects adult patients. Complete remission for patients younger than 60 years, who are candidates for standard induction therapy, is achieved in 60%–80% of cases. However, the prognosis is still poor for older patients, who are unfit for intensive chemotherapy, and only a few therapies are available. Hypomethylating agents, such as decitabine, are approved for such patients. The current dosing regimen consists of one administration per day, for 5 days, each 4 weeks.
Methods: Here, we present the synthesis of a decitabine prodrug, combined with its encapsulation into a lipid-based nanocapsule formulation. Decitabine (C12)2 was synthetized, then loaded into nanocapsules. Its stability in phosphate buffer ans human plasma was checked. Its activity was evaluated by Cell proliferation assays and cell-cycle analysis on human erythroleukemia cells. Then its pharmacokinetics was determined on a rat model.
Results: Decitabine (C12)2 was obtained with a yield of 50%. Drug loading into nanocarriers of 27.45±0.05 nm was 5.8±0.5 mg/mL. The stability of decitabine was improved and its activity on leukemia cells was not altered. Finally, pharmacokinetics studies showed a prolonged mean residence time of the drug.
Conclusion: Decitabine (C12)2 as a prodrug showed high encapsulation efficiency, a good stability in plasma with no impact on its activity on leukemia cells and improved pharmacokinetics
Changes in habitat selection patterns of the gray partridge <i>Perdix perdix</i> in relation to agricultural landscape dynamics over the past two decades
No full textChanges in agricultural practices have reshaped agricultural landscapes and triggered a drastic decline in spatial and temporal heterogeneity leading to changes in habitat quality and food resources for birds. However, the precise relationships between landscape changes, spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and habitat preferences in response to those changes remain poorly known.
We investigated patterns of habitat selection and causes for changes over the years 1997–2017 for the gray partridge Perdix perdix, an iconic farmland species which has experienced a severe decline since the 1950s. Using a long‐term (1997–2017) dataset collected over 435 km2, we modeled relationships between annual land‐cover maps and partridge sightings over 17 5‐year moving windows, assessing the effects of landscape metrics, the strength of the relationships, and the dynamics of habitat suitability.
We detected a shift in gray partridge habitat preferences over time, toward more risky habitats. Avoidance of predator reservoirs (woodlands and buildings) has weakened, and selection of human infrastructure, such as roads and tracks, has increased. Since 1997, the mean size of suitable patches has also decreased by about 26%.
We have interpreted these changes in habitat selection as being the result of decreasing habitat quality and the increasing prevalence of captive‐reared birds, currently released in their thousands in the study site.
Synthesis and applications. The gray partridge has not adjusted well to changes in farming practices, and the low, still decreasing, population density suggests that it is not sustainable, despite local initiatives and the investment in captive‐bird releases. We emphasize that efforts must be redirected toward habitat improvement to restore the density of refuge cover, insects, and seeds in the landscape, hunting management to ensure self‐sustainable populations and massive releases of high‐quality birds. Only integrated local management, involving hunters, farmers, gamekeepers, and scientists can ensure the recovery of this species
