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Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone Concentrations in Mares With Granulosa Cell Tumors Versus Other Ovarian Abnormalities
No full textapplication/pdfRecently, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been reported as a useful diagnostic marker for equine granulosa cell tumors (GCTs). The aim of this study was to examine and compare serum AMH and immunoreactive (ir)-inhibin concentrations in mares with ovarian abnormalities other than GCT compared to mares with known GCT in order to determine more useful diagnostic criteria. Mares with a possible GCT based upon history were subsequently classified into those with GCT confirmed by histopathology and mares with other abnormal ovaries (AO) without a GCT based on follow-up fertility information. Median concentrations of AMH were 72.6 ng/mL (quartiles: 20.6–458.5 ng/mL) in GCT and 0.70 ng/mL (0.26–1.44 ng/mL) in AO mares, and median concentrations of ir-inhibin were 2.36 ng/mL (1.65–3.79 ng/mL) in GCT versus 0.93 ng/mL (0.69–1.46 ng/mL) in AO mares. The cutoff values based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were 4.70 ng/mL for AMH and 1.65 ng/mL for ir-inhibin. These cutoff values were slightly higher than the traditional value based on the normal reference range. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the ROC curve of AMH were higher than those of ir-inhibin. In conclusion, we demonstrated the diagnostic criterion of serum AMH concentration for equine GCT. Anti-Müllerian hormone is a more useful marker for diagnosis of equine GCT than ir-inhibin. © 2017 Elsevier Inc.journal articl
Identification of the antigenic region of Neospora caninum dense granule protein 7 using ELISA
Get PDFapplication/pdfDense granule protein 7 (NcGRA7) is a potent diagnostic antigen of Neospora caninum. Some studies have reported on the difficult expression, low yield, and variable degree of solubility of recombinant NcGRA7. We aimed to unravel the possible causes for these issues and tested NcGRA7 antigenicity in enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The NcGRA7 coding sequence (217 amino acids) was split into five amino acid regions: NcGRA7m (27–217), NcGRA7m3 (27–160), NcGRA7m4 (27–135), NcGRA7m5 (161–190), and NcGRA7m6 (188–217). Three fragments, NcGRA7m, NcGRA7m3 and NcGRA7m4, exhibited high antigenic properties when tested against experimentally-infected mice and dog sera by ELISA. High levels of IgG2 antibodies against NcGRA7m3 were observed in field dog sera. In experimentally and naturally-infected cattle, the N. caninum-specific sera only reacted with NcGRA7m, indicating that this antigenic region differs among the three animal species. This study presents valuable information about the antigenic properties and topology of NcGRA7, and highlights its suitability for diagnostic purposes. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.journal articl
Chemical structures of oligosaccharides in milk of the raccoon (Procyon lotor)
Get PDFapplication/pdfIn this study on milk saccharides of the raccoon (Procyonidae: Carnivora), free lactose was found to be a minor constituent among a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides, which predominated over lactose. The milk oligosaccharides were isolated from the carbohydrate fractions of each of four samples of raccoon milk and their chemical structures determined by 1H-NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopies. The structures of the four neutral milk oligosaccharides were Fuc(α1–2)Gal(β1–4)Glc (2′-fucosyllactose), Fuc(α1–2)Gal(β1–4)GlcNAc(β1–3)Gal(β1–4)Glc (lacto-N-fucopentaose IV), Fuc(α1–2)Gal(β1–4)GlcNAc(β1–3)Gal(β1–4)GlcNAc(β1–3)Gal(β1–4)Glc (fucosyl para lacto-N-neohexaose) and Fuc(α1–2)Gal(β1–4)GlcNAc(β1–3)[Fuc(α1–2)Gal(β1–4)GlcNAc(β1–6)]Gal(β1–4)Glc (difucosyl lacto-N-neohexaose). No type I oligosaccharides, which contain Gal(β1–3)GlcNAc units, were detected, but type 2 saccharides, which contain Gal(β1–4)GlcNAc units were present. The monosaccharide compositions of two of the acidic oligosaccharides were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]6[HexNAc]4[deoxy Hex]2, while those of another two were [Neu5Ac]1[Hex]8[HexNAc]6[deoxy Hex]3. These acidic oligosaccharides contained α(2–3) or α(2–6) linked Neu5Ac, non reducing α(1–2) linked Fuc, poly N-acetyllactosamine (Gal(β1–4)GlcNAc) and reducing lactose. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.journal articl
Establishment of a mouse-tick infection model for Theileria orientalis and analysis of its transcriptome
Get PDFapplication/pdfOriental theileriosis caused by Theileria orientalis is an economically significant disease in cattle farming. The lack of laboratory animal models and in vitro culture systems is a major obstacle in the drive to better understand the biology of this parasite. Notably, research on the sporozoite stage of T. orientalis has rarely been undertaken, although such investigations are of paramount importance for vaccine development based on blocking sporozoite invasion of its host animals. In the present study, we established a mouse-tick infection model for propagating T. orientalis in mice and for producing the sporozoite stage in tick salivary glands. Splenectomized severe combined immunodeficient mice transfused with bovine erythrocytes were infected with T. orientalis. The larval ticks of Haemaphysalis longicornis were then fed on the T. orientalis-infected mice. The piroplasm and sporozoite stages were microscopically observed in the mouse blood and nymphal salivary glands, respectively. The transcriptomics data generated from the piroplasm and sporozoite stages revealed a stage-specific expression pattern for the parasite genes. The mouse-tick infection model and the transcriptomics data it has provided will contribute to a better understanding of T. orientalis biology and will also provide much needed information for the design of effective control measures targeting oriental theileriosis. © 2018 Australian Society for Parasitologyjournal articl
A clinical case of enzootic bovine leukosis in a 13-month-old holstein heifer
Get PDFapplication/pdfA 13-month-old Holstein heifer presented with emaciation and enlarged superficial lymph nodes. Hematological examination showed remarkable lymphocytosis with atypical lymphocytes. Increased activities of serum total lactate dehydrogenase and thymidine kinase were detected. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the subiliac lymph node revealed large lymphoblasts undergoing mitosis. Nested PCR for bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and antibody against BLV were both positive. BLV proviral load was relatively high. Pathological examination confirmed that the case was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. B-cell monoclonality was also confirmed by PCR for V-D-J junctional variability. Monoclonal integration of BLV provirus in the bovine genome was demonstrated with the inverse PCR method. The heifer was definitively diagnosed with enzootic bovine leukosis based on these findings. © 2018, Hokkaido University. All rights reserved.journal articl
Chemical characterization of the milk oligosaccharides of some Artiodactyla species including giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis), sitatunga (Tragelaphus spekii), deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
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Epidemiological study of bovine leukemia virus infections in eastern Hokkaido, Japan and northern Vietnam
Get PDF帯広畜産大学博士（畜産衛生学）2018application/pdf博士学位論文大学院畜産学研究科畜産衛生学専攻Doctor’s Course of Animal and Food Hygienedoctoral thesi
Consumers’ willingness to pay for reprocessed fried chicken: A way of reducing uneaten food
Get PDFapplication/pdfSubstantial food loss and waste occur worldwide; approximately one third of produced food is lost or wasted annually, which worsens problems such as starvation and environmental degradation. This study examines the possibility of selling reprocessed meat products made from raw meat near its sell-by date, using Japanese fried chicken as an example. If reprocessed products are accepted by consumers, this will significantly contribute to reducing food waste in grocery stores. Because reprocessing does not require a reduction in current meat consumption, selling reprocessed foods is a more feasible and realistic way to reduce food waste compared to other initiatives, such as “Meat Free Monday.” We use a choice experiment to elicit consumer preference for reprocessed fried chicken. Our results show that the willingness to pay for reprocessed fried chicken is above 90% of that of regular chicken, which implies a high feasibility of selling such products. © 2017 Elsevier Ltdjournal articl