Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
OAK Obihiro University Archives of KnowledgeNot a member yet
5082 research outputs found
Sort by
初産分娩後1000日間の乳量を最大にするための分娩間隔と初回授精開始時期
Get PDFapplication/pdfホルスタイン種の初産分娩後1000日間の乳量（1000dMY）を最大にする分娩間隔と授精開始時期について調査した．データは，北海道内において2007年に初産分娩した初産次から3産次までの24,476頭の牛群検定記録である．毎月1度の検定日乳量に対し，泌乳曲線を使用して1000dMYを推定した．初産分娩後1000日以内に2産分娩および3産分娩の記録をもつ個体の記録のみを分析対象とした．分娩間隔の中央値は，初産-2産間385日，2産-3産間396日，1000dMYの平均乳量は24,588kgであった．1000dMYは，初産-2産間および2産-3産間の分娩間隔について，いずれも357日から440日で高く，それ以上になると徐々に低下した．妊娠期間を280日程度と仮定すると，初産および２産分娩後80日を目安として人工授精を開始することで1000dMYが高くなると推察した．journal articl
Differential Gene Expression Profile of Human Neutrophils Cultured with Plasmodium falciparum-Parasitized Erythrocytes
Get PDFapplication/pdfNeutrophils (PMNs) are the most abundant cellular component of our innate immune system, where they play central roles in the pathogenesis of and resistance to a broad range of diseases. However, their roles in malarial infection remain poorly understood. Therefore, we examined the transcriptional gene profile of human PMNs in response to Plasmodium falciparum-parasitized erythrocytes (iRBCs) by using oligonucleotide microarrays. Results revealed that PMNs induced a broad and vigorous set of changes in gene expression in response to malarial parasites, represented by 118 upregulated and 216 downregulated genes. The transcriptional response was characterized by the upregulation of numerous genes encoding multiple surface receptors, proteins involved in signal transduction pathways, and defense response proteins. This response included a number of genes which are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of malaria and other inflammatory diseases. Gene enrichment analysis suggested that the biological pathways involved in the PMN responses to the iRBCs included insulin receptor, Jak-STAT signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and interleukin and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) signaling pathways. The current study provides fundamental knowledge on the molecular responses of neutrophils to malarial parasites, which may aid in the discovery of novel therapeutic interventions.journal articl
Measurements of body surface area and volume in laboratory rabbits (New Zealand white rabbits) using a computed tomography scanner
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe body surface area (BSA) of an organism is one of the important parameters for evaluating physiological functions. In drug development, normalization by BSA is an appropriate method for extrapolating doses between species. The BSA of animals has generally been estimated by multiplying the k value by 2/3 of the power of the body weight (BW) (Meeh’s formula). In mathematics, if it is assumed that the density and body shape of the animals are essentially constant, the BSA is proportional to BW2/3. In this study, we measured the BSA and volume (V) of 72 laboratory rabbits (48 males and 24 females of New Zealand White rabbits [NZW]), using a computed tomography scanner. After BSA and V determination, the k value, density, and sphericity were calculated. We analyzed variations in the k value, density, and body shape of laboratory rabbits. The mean k value of the 72 NZW was 11.0. We advocate using Meeh’s formula, as follows, for estimating BSA of laboratory rabbits (NZW): 100 × BSA [m2] = 11.0 × BW [kg]2/3. © 2018 Japanese Association for Laboratory Animal Science.journal articl
Exploration of bioactive milk components from wild and domestic animals
Get PDF帯広畜産大学博士（畜産衛生学）2018application/pdf博士学位論文大学院畜産学研究科畜産衛生学専攻Doctor’s Course of Animal and Food Hygienedoctoral thesi
Functional characterization of Toxoplasma gondii SAG1-related sequence 2 and evaluation of its potential in serodiagnosis
Get PDF帯広畜産大学博士（畜産衛生学）2018application/pdf博士学位論文大学院畜産学研究科畜産衛生学専攻Doctor’s Course of Animal and Food Hygienedoctoral thesi
北海道和種の母ウマの驚き易さが子ウマの驚き易さに及ぼす影響
Get PDFapplication/pdf日本では諸外国に比べて、乗馬が一般的なスポーツやレジャーではなく、また一般人にウマと接する知識が広まっていない。初心者がウマの個性や気質を簡易に判断出来ればウマと接し易くなり、乗馬することへの敷居が下がる。乗馬を楽しむ機会が増えることで、北海道和種の活用法を一般に浸透することが出来るのではないかと考えた。しかし、ウマの個性や気質を把握することは難しい。そこで今回は特に、ウマの驚き易さについて把握することを目標とした。 本実験は、1）逃走距離の測定と新奇物テストの行動反応スコアリングと、2）心拍パラメーターの測定・分析に基づいている。そして3）北海道和種の驚き易さを簡易に把握することのできる方法を検討した。この方法を用い子ウマの驚き易さが母ウマの驚き易さから影響されるかを調べ、影響を与える要因を明らかにすることで、子ウマの驚き易さを推定することを目的とした。 供試馬は、十勝剣山どさんこ牧の北海道和種親子15 組（うち継母子2 組）を用いた。供試馬群を含む馬群のパドックで、逃走距離を測定した。その後対象供試馬親子を捕獲し、厩舎内の通路の壁に親ウマのみ繋留した。心拍計（Polar 社、RS800CX）を親ウマのみに装着し、5 分間の前安静の計測を開始した。続いてホース・ブルーシート・タイヤ・傘の順に、4 つの新奇物を用いて親子一緒にテストを受けさせ、行動を3 〜4 段階でスコアリングした。最後に5 分間の後安静を計測して終了した。実験全体を通してビデオカメラ（KKJVC ケンウッド、GZ-E265-R）で供試馬親子の行動を撮影した。前安静開始時から終了時までのR-R 間隔を記録した。R-R 間隔（ms）から計算したHR（拍/ 分）とSDNN（Standard deviation of all normal-to-normal R-R interval）（ms）、RMSSD（The square root of the mean of the sum of the square of differences betweenadjacent NN interval）（ms）の心拍パラメーターは、SAS Enterprise Guide7.1 を用いて分析した。 逃走距離は親ウマ14 頭、子ウマ7 頭で0m であり、子ウマの月齢による有意差はなかった。この結果から、この馬群が人に慣れているだけでなく、子ウマの時期からヒトに対して警戒心の低い馬群であったと考えられる。母子ともに行動反応スコアはブルーシートでもっとも大きく、またバラつきも大きかった。そのため、本実験においてウマが最も驚き易い新奇物はブルーシートであった。また、親子間でのスコアの相関は傘スコアで最も大きく、Kendall の順位相関係数は約0.46 であった。子ウマへの実母と継母の影響を比較するため、継母子を除く13 組の親子で計算した傘スコアの順位相関係数は約0.45 であった。このことから、子ウマの驚き易さは遺伝だけでなく生育環境による影響も大きいと考えられる。 母ウマ15 頭の前安静時の平均R-R 間隔± SD は837.9 ± 47.9 〜1472.8 ± 105.7（ms）であり、ウマ間で有意差が見られた。そこで心拍パラメーターの比較は前安静時を基準とする変化率（％）で行った。比較項目は、1）親のブルーシート行動反応スコア、2）産次、3）子のブルーシート行動反応スコア、4）子の月齢、5）子の逃走距離、6）子の性別であった。しかし、6 項目のいずれも各項目の高低2 群間に有意差は見られなかった。ブルーシートの高スコア群（スコア4）対低スコア群（スコア1、2）で比較した結果、平均HR（61.5 対59.9；拍/ 分）、HR 変化率（116.3対114.0；％）、子ウマのスコア（3.3 対3.2）となった。そのため、ブルーシートが驚き易さの比較を行う上で最も効果的であると分かった。 結論として、本実験からは子ウマの驚き易さに影響を与える要因の断定はできなかった。しかし、子ウマを育てた親ウマが影響している可能性が示唆された。驚き易さの比較を行うに当たり、今回最も有効であった新奇物はブルーシートであった。子ウマの驚き易さの推定を行う場合、ブルーシートを用いた新奇物テストで実の親または育ての親の驚き易さを調査することが、最も簡易で効果的な方法であった。In Japan, horseback riding is not general sports or leisure activities compared to the United States and Europe, and knowledge to handle horses is not common. If a beginner can easily judge the nature and disposition of a horse, it becomes easy to contact a horse, and the threshold for horseback riding drops. We thought that increasing opportunities to enjoy horseback riding could break through the practical use of Hokkaido native horse, Dosanko. However, it is difficult to understand the temperament and nature of a horse. Therefore, in this study, we tried to understand the nature of surprise ease of the horse. This experiment is based on 1) measurement of flight distance and scoring behavioral responses of novelty test, and 2) measurement / analysis of heartbeat parameters. We also examine 3) a method that can easily grasp the nature of surprise ease of Hokkaido native horse, Dosanko Using this method, investigate whether the nature of surprise ease of the foal is influenced by the nature of surprise ease of mare, then we estimate the temperament of surprise ease of foal by clarifying the factors affecting it. We tested 15 pairs of mare with her foal, including 2 pairs of step-mother with foal, of Hokkaido of Tokachi Turugisan Dosanko Maki. In the paddock of the horse group including the test horse group, the flight distance was measured. After that, we captured the target mare with her foal and anchored only the mare to the wall of the passage in the stable. Heart rate monitor (Polar Inc., RS 800 CX) was attached only to the mare, and the measurement of 5 minutes rest stage (pre-rest) was started. Then, four novelty items in order of hose, blue sheet, tire, umbrella was tested behaviorally together mare with her foal. Behavioral responses were scored in 3 to 4 stages. Finally after 5 minutes rest (post-rest) was measured and finished. Throughout the experiment the behavior of mare with her foal was recorded with a video camera (JVC Kenwood KK, GZ-E265-R). The mare R-R interval from the start of pre-rest to the end of postrest was recorded. The heart rate parameters of HR (beats / min) and SDNN Standard deviation of all normal-to-normal R-R interval (ms), RMSSD The square root of the mean of the sum of the square of differences between adjacent NN interval (ms) calculated from R-R interval (ms), were analyzed using SAS Enterprise Guide 7.1. The flight distance was 0 m for 14 mares and 7 foals, and there was no significant difference in the age of the foal. From this result, it is considered that this group of horses was not only accustomed to humans, but also a group of horses with low alertness against humans from the time of foals. Behavioral response scores were the largest in the blue sheet both mare and foal, and the variations were also large. Therefore, the novel object most surprising in this experiment was a blue sheet. The score correlation between mare and foal was the largest in the umbrella score, and the rank correlation coefficient of Kendall was about 0.46. In order to compare the influence of the mother and the stepmother to the foal, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient of the umbrella score calculated by the 13 pairs of mare with her foal excluding the stepmother with her foal was about 0.45. From this, it is considered that the surprise ease of the foal is not only influenced by genetics but also by the habitat environment The average R-R interval ± SD of 15mares at prerest was 837.9 ± 47.9 to 1472.8 ± 105.7 (ms), indicating a significant difference among the mares. Therefore, comparison of heart rate parameters was made with a rate of change (%) based on the pre-rest values. The comparison items are 1) the mare's blue sheet behavior reaction score, 2) parity, 3) foal's blue sheet behavior reaction score, 4) foal age, 5) foal flight distance, 6) foal sex. However, none of the six items showed a significant difference between the high and low group of each item. As a result of comparison between the high score group (score 4) and the low score group (score 1, 2) of the mare’s blue sheet, average HR was61.5 vs. 59.9 (beats / min), average HR change rate was 116.3 vs. 114.0 (%), and foal blue sheet score was 3.3 vs 3.2. Therefore, the blue sheet proved to be the most effective object in comparing the nature of surprise ease of a horse. In conclusion, from this experiment it was not possible to conclude the factors affecting the nature of surprise ease of the foal. However, it was suggested that the parent horse who raised the foal may be affected. When comparing the nature of surprise ease, the most effective novelty, in this experiment, was the blue sheet. In estimating the surprise easy temperament of a foal, it was the simplest and effective way to investigate the nature of surprise ease of a real parent or raising parent in a novelty test using a blue sheet.departmental bulletin pape
English Education and the Bible: Case study of CLIL-designed advanced English course
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe first step in presenting a course that utilizes the Bible in English education, especially in a Japanese academic institution, would be to clarify the necessity and importance of such a reference text. This course thus shows the Bible’s significance as literature and the preeminent role it has played and continues to play in the development of Western culture. Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is the vehicle which allows integration of a given subject, such as the Bible in this case, into language study. It has become the umbrella term describing both learning another subject through the medium of a foreign language and, at the same time, learning a foreign language by studying a contentbased subject in the given language. The advantages of such an approach (also known as “contentbased instruction” and “bilingual education”) include learning content as language skills improve, getting language learning integrated into the broader curriculum, and providing increased motivation among students who see language in their areas of interest and real-life situations. Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine (OUAVM) has been offering such courses for several years and has valuable experience to share with teachers considering the implementation of CLIL in their own courses. One course in particular, English V (Advanced English Topics), is looked at in detail in this paper to demonstrate the advantages of the CLIL approach to education and how it can be utilized to study the Bible. Relevance of the Bible in literature, music, art, science, history, government and education are explored and discussed.departmental bulletin pape
