Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
OAK Obihiro University Archives of KnowledgeNot a member yet
5082 research outputs found
Sort by
Sustainable shrimp farming in Sri Lanka; Utilization of BMPs and antibiotics use
Get PDFapplication/pdfObjective: In the context of the fast-expanding shrimp farming industry in Sri Lanka, this study aimed to evaluate the distribution and understanding of BMPs, examine the relationship between BMPs and disease outbreaks, and analyze the current antibiotic usage trends through a fact-finding survey. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in 131 shrimp farms located in Puttalam District in North Western Province, where shrimp farming is thriving in Sri Lanka. The survey was conducted from September to October 2021. In addition, in August 2022 and August 2023, interviews were conducted with shrimp farms in Puttalam district and Batticaloa district, shrimp hatcheries, and export companies. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Probit, and Tobit regression analysis. Results: The item-count technique revealed a significant (p < 0.05) difference in the use of antibiotics without consulting experts, signifying inappropriate use. No aquaculture farmer reported being unaware of BMPs, and among the 45 farmers who attended a BMPs seminar, 30 claimed to possess a good understanding of BMPs. Probit and Tobit regression results revealed that the rate of understanding of BMPs, education level, and obtaining information on the sanitation management of shrimp farming from extension and guidance organizations were inversely associated with both disease incidence in shrimp farming and shrimp discards. Conclusion: Although the use of antibiotics is prohibited in BMPs, the analysis results suggest inappropriate use of antibiotics. The findings indicate that enhanced BMP understanding can reduce disease incidence and shrimp discards, emphasizing the need for incentives to promote BMP adoption and reduce the necessity for antibiotics.journal articl
Assessment of biological effects of environmental estrogens through the estrogen receptors in zebrafish and chicken
Get PDF帯広畜産大学博士（獣医学）Doctor of Veterinary Medicine2024博士学位論文大学院畜産学研究科 獣医学専攻Doctoral Program of Veterinary Sciencedoctoral thesi
インドネシアにおける中小規模酪農経営の実態について
Get PDF後発開発途上国を中心とした人口増加と経済成長によって，肉や乳製品といったたんぱく源の需要が急速に伸びている。新興国の中でも唯一，2000 年代以降も経済成長を続けているインドネシアも例外ではない。その一方で，熱帯地域における酪農経営の実態に関する知見は非常に限られており，今後も伸びると予想される需要や飼料確保に生産現場がどのように対応しているのか不明である。そこで現地調査を通じて，経営の概要を整理した。結果として，10 年前と比較して乳量がほぼ同水準であること，粗飼料と濃厚飼料の両方で飼料確保に課題があることが明らかとなった。Population growth and economic growth, mainly in the least developed countries, have led to a rapid increase in demand for protein sources such as meat and dairy products. Indonesia is no exception, as it is the only emerging economy that has continued to grow since the 2000s. On the other hand, there is very limited information on the actual status of dairy farming operations in tropical regions, and it is unclear how production sites are coping with the expected growth in demand and feed supply. Therefore, through a field survey, an overview of the management was compiled. As a result, it became clear that milk production was at about the same level as 10 years ago and that there were problems in securing feed for both roughage and concentrate feed.departmental bulletin pape
Development of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for the Detection of Prototheca bovis Directly from Milk Samples of Dairy Cattle
Get PDFapplication/pdfPrototheca bovis is an algal emerging pathogen in dairy farms causing refractory protothecal mastitis with increasing incidence worldwide and significant economic impact. P. bovis infects cows throughout the lactation cycle, including dry periods, and can persist in the udder and the environment for a long time. Since P. bovis does not respond to treatments with antibiotics, the suggested sanitary measure to restrict the spread is culling infected animals. A point-of-care test for early detection of the causative agent is critically needed to guide farm management and the appropriate treatment of mastitis. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a highly specific molecular method, time-saving, cost-effective and easy to perform in limited settings. This study aimed to develop a LAMP assay for P. bovis detection directly from milk samples; it was employed in conjunction with a commercial DNA extraction kit which was previously used to extract DNA from milk specimens containing microbes. The LAMP assay detected P. bovis DNA within 1 h in milk samples spiked with P. bovis at a concentration of 50 cells/μL, enabling on-farm disease monitoring and decision-making based on a reliable diagnosis. The LAMP method will contribute to the accurate and rapid identification of P. bovis in asymptomatic or recurrent mastitis cases and consequently aid the implementation of targeted control measures and the reduction of losses in milk production. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.journal articl
Method for evaluating milk production in mouse mammary gland
Get PDFapplication/pdfLactation is a characteristic physiological function of mammals and is important for nourishing infants and the dairy industry; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the function remain to be elucidated. A technique to directly evaluate the quantity and quality of milk in mice is necessary for the study of the lactation mechanism in vivo. By measuring the changes in milk amount after different durations of milk accumulation (0–24 h) using a ductal cannulation technique and oxytocin supplementation, we estimated the milk production rate at a single mammary gland level. In addition, collected milk was available to assess milk quality, including creamatocrit, osmolarity, and concentrations of ions, lactose, and total protein. Moreover, as a proof of principle, the effects of intraductal administration of a hypertonic solution to the abdominal mammary gland were examined. This stimulation increased milk amount, possibly by osmosis, compared with the contralateral control gland. These results demonstrated that this method is useful for examining the lactation ability and mechanisms in vivo. Studies using this method will contribute to the further understanding of lactation mechanisms in mammals.journal articl
Quantitative analysis of the skull in the Japanese wolf (Canis lupus hodophilax) using CT
Get PDFapplication/pdfIn this study using computed tomography (CT), the volumes of the internal cranial cavities, such as the braincase, frontal sinus and tympanic cavity, and the ratio of the volume of each cavity to the skull volume in Japanese wolves were quantified, and CT images of the frontal sinus were observed. The results were then compared with those of other wolf subspecies, including Akita, a dog breed, to clarify the characteristics of the internal cranial cavities in Japanese wolves. The present study revealed that the Japanese wolf had a relatively larger braincase volume and a relatively smaller frontal sinus volume than the wolf ssp. (a group of wild wolf subspecies except the Japanese wolf) and Akita. Moreover, the relative and absolute tympanic cavity volumes of the Japanese wolf and Akita were significantly smaller than those of the wolf ssp. In the CT image or macroscopic observations, the frontal sinuses of the wolf ssp. and Akita were relatively well developed to the caudal and dorsal directions, respectively, compared with that of the Japanese wolf, and the tympanic cavity of the wolf ssp. was more largely swelled ventrally and medially than that of other groups.journal articl
Comparison of St. Thomas II Cardioplegia and Modified Del Nido Cardioplegia in Dogs Undergoing Mitral Valve Surgery
Get PDFapplication/pdfMyocardial protection has become an essential adjunctive procedure in veterinary cardiac surgery. Del Nido cardioplegia is a good alternative to the traditional St. Thomas II (ST) cardioplegia in open heart surgery in humans. This study aims to compare intra- and postoperative results between ST cardioplegia and modified del Nido (mDN) cardioplegia in mitral valve surgery in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). This retrospective study was conducted using clinical records of 16 MMVD dogs that underwent either ST or mDN cardioplegia. We measured cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, aortic cross-clamp (ACC) time, total operation time, the number of cardioplegia doses, total amount of cardioplegia, required defibrillations, in-hospital mortality and pre- and one-month postoperative echocardiographic variables. CPB (159.4 ± 16.1 vs. 210.1 ± 34.0 min), ACC (101.4 ± 7.0 vs. 136.0 ± 24.8 min) and total operation time (262.3 ± 13.1 vs. 327.0 ± 45.4 min) were significantly shorter in the mDN group (p < 0.05). The number of cardioplegia doses (3.25 ± 0.4 vs. 6.25 ± 1.2) and total amount of cardioplegia (161.3 ± 51.5 vs. 405.0 ± 185.9 mL) in the mDN group were also significantly smaller than the ST group (p < 0.05). No difference was observed in the requirement of defibrillation, in-hospital mortality and pre- and postoperative echocardiographic variables. The utilization of mDN cardioplegia was associated with shorter operative time in mitral valve surgery in dogs.journal articl
碧雲蔵での清酒醸造過程に生育する乳酸菌とその酒質に及ぽす影響の解明
Get PDF帯広畜産大学博士（農学）2024博士学位論文大学院畜産学研究科 畜産科学専攻Doctoral Program of Animal Science and Agriculturedoctoral thesi