Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
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温室効果ガス排出削減認証国産牛肉とアニマルウェルフェア配慮認証国産牛肉に対する消費者評価 : 令和４年度「食肉に関する意識調査」回答データに基づく仮想評価法分析
Get PDFapplication/pdf首都圏と京阪神圏の20歳以上の男女1108人を対象に「温室効果ガス排出量を一定水準以下に削減し生産されたことを第三者機関が認証した国産牛肉(GHG排出削減認証国産牛肉）」と「国際水準のアニマルウェルフェアに配慮し生産されたことを第三者機関が認証した国産牛肉(AW配慮認証国産牛肉）」に余分に支払ってもよいと思う金額（追加支払意志額）を仮想評価法で分析した。
半数の回答者は、どちらの牛肉にも追加支払する意志がなかった。GHG排出削減認証国産牛肉、AW配慮認証国産牛肉に追加支払を表明した回答者は、それぞれ41%、43％を占め、平均追加支払意志額の普段の購入価格に対する割合は、どちらも12％程度だった。GHG排出削減認証国産牛肉へ追加支払する傾向が高かったのは、女性や高齢者層、人間との明確なつながりを持たない環境自体への懸念•関心を反映する生物圏価値を重視する、普段購入する国産牛肉の価格が高い、SDGsの認知度やわが国畜産分野のGHG排出削減の取り組みに関心が高い回答者であった。AW配慮認証牛肉では、利己的価値を重視する人ほど追加支払しない傾向が高い一方、高齢女性、生物圏価値を重視する、普段購入する国産牛肉の価格が高い、AWに配慮した家畜飼養管理の技術指針普及推進への関心が高いほど、追加支払する傾向が高かった。調査・報告journal articl
Plasma activin A concentrations during late gestation in Thoroughbred mares with abnormal pregnancies
Get PDFapplication/pdfLate-term fetal loss in horses is a major problem in the horse-breeding industry globally. Abnormal pregnancies should be diagnosed as early as possible to prevent abortions and other gestational problems. According to our previous longitudinal study in healthy pregnant mares, the plasma activin A concentration increases as pregnancy progresses. The aim of the present study was to compare plasma activin A concentrations in healthy pregnant Thoroughbred mares (n=40) with those in pregnant mares that suffered fetal loss or showed abnormal symptoms (n=30) during late gestation. This field study found that plasma activin A concentrations were higher in the abnormal group (pregnancy loss, red bag delivery, premature udder development, and vaginal discharge) than the normal group (P < 0.001; cutoff value: ≥ 138.2 pg/mL; sensitivity, 74.4%; specificity, 77.5%). More specifically, plasma activin A concentrations in the “symptom” and “abnormal delivery” subgroups were higher than those in gestational-age-matched normal groups (P < 0.001). Nevertheless, the plasma activin A concentration in the “normal delivery” subgroup was not different from that in the “abnormal delivery” subgroup in samples collected within 10 days before delivery. In conclusion, this study is the first to demonstrate a significantly earlier increase in plasma activin A concentration in abnormal pregnancies of Thoroughbred mares during late gestation. © 2022 Elsevier Inc.journal articl
Soil extract induces excystment and inhibits encystment in the terrestrial ciliate Colpoda cucullus
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe terrestrial ciliated protozoan Colpoda cucullus inhabits soil and survives water-limited condition by forming a resting cyst which is known to be highly resistant to harsh environments. Although encystment and excystment of this ciliate can be induced experimentally under laboratory conditions, little is known about the actual environmental factors that control such dynamic changes in cell morphology in nature. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of soil extracts on C. cucullus and attempted to identify the active substances that may be present in the soil extract. The soil extract induced excystment of the resting cyst, and it inhibited encystment of the vegetative cell. These effects of the soil extract might be brought by fulvic acid, one of humic substances contained in soil, together with some soil inorganic elements.journal articl
アタヤル語における「朝」の語源について
Get PDFapplication/pdfThis study discusses the manner in which Atayal (Atayalic subgroup, Austronesian language family) underwent a semantic shift in time expressions such as “a little while ago,” “now, today,” and “morning, tomorrow.” In relation to this, the forms for “yesterday,” “a little while ago,” and “later” are also discussed. In Proto-Austronesian, the meanings of “morning” and “tomorrow” are inseparable, and this form is reconstructed as *dama. In earlier Atayal, sasan meant both “morning” and “tomorrow.” The Atayal form, sasan, “morning, tomorrow,” does not reflect *dama. This study examines the origin of sasan in Seediq (Atayalic subgroup), a language closely related to Atayal. In Seediq, the form for “now, today” is saða, and it later became saya. The ð dates back to the Proto-Atayalic *j; thus, a tentative form in Proto-Atayalic can be reconstructed as *saja, meaning “now, today.” The Proto-Atayalic *j is reflected as g, r, or s in Atayal, so *saja can be reflected as saga, sara, or sasa. The last form, sasa, may be related to sasan “morning, tomorrow.” It is likely that -an was attached, a suffix indicating time or space, resulting in sasa-an. Then, one of the a’s was deleted from the consecutive vowels, becoming sasan. Somehow, its meaning shifted from “now, today” to “morning, tomorrow.” This study proposes that this semantic shift was driven by another semantic shift relating to a Proto-Atayalic form, *sawni, which means “a little while ago.” This word extended its meaning to include “today in the morning” and then further extended to refer to “today”; it probably also referred to “now.” As sawni became “now, today,” sasan, the original word for “now, today,” shifted its meaning to “morning, tomorrow.”言語記述研究会第115回例会における発表「アタヤル語の『朝』の再建ー時に関する語のズレからー」（2021年8月29日オンライン）を基にしたものjournal articl
ブヌン語タキバカ方言のアクセントについて
Get PDFapplication/pdfブヌン語イスブクン（Isbukun）方言は次末音節にアクセントを置く語が多く（次末型），タキトゥドゥ（Takituduh）方言などは語末音節にアクセントを置く語が多い（語末型）。これらブヌン語方言におけるアクセント位置は，Huang［2008］により最適性理論の枠組みにおいて制約の優先順序を交替することにより最適な出力候補を導くことによって説明されている。本稿は次末型に属するタキバカ（Takibakha）方言を対象にし，最適性理論に頼らずとも，モーラと音節，そして二重母音の関わりからブヌン語方言のアクセントが導けることを述べる。次末型では，次末モーラを含む音節にアクセントが置かれるのであり，母音連続ai, ia, au, ua, ui, iu が生じる場合は母音連続が語末に生じるか非語末に生じるか，母音連続が二重母音に変化するかどうかの違いによってアクセントに差異が出る。非語末の母音連続ai とau は二重母音と見なされ，非語末の二重母音ia とua は音位転換の後に二重母音に変わり，さらにe とo に変化する。母音連続iu とui は二重母音化しない。journal articl