Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
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Acceptance of Augmented Reality App among Museum Professionals Case of Vilnius City Museums
Get PDFIn the late 2010s, augmented reality (AR) smartphone applications were a global trend in museums. Previous studies on attempts to implement AR apps were mainly examined for the benefits to visitors, but one aspect was lacking: how do museum professionals accept them? This study explores the question in the case of the AR app "Daugiau nei matai (hereafter ‘DNM’)" at four museums under the Vilnius Memorial Museum Directorate in Lithuania's Vilnius City Municipality. The study conducted a comprehensive questionnaire survey of all ten museum professionals involved in the app's implementation, and a short interview with the app developer. The survey results were analyzed from four perspectives including basic usage and impressions, values of DNM, role of museum professionals in development, and advantages/disadvantages. As a result, it was found that museum professionals positively utilize the AR app when they are convinced of its value to visitors.2010年代後半、拡張現実（AR）スマートフォンアプリの導入が、博物館において世界的な流行した。ARアプリ導入の試みに関する先行研究は、主に来館者の利便性を関するものであったが、博物館の専門職員がARアプリをどのように受け入れているのか、という観点が欠けていた。本研究では、リトアニア・ヴィリニュス市のヴィリニュス記念博物館管理局所管の4館の博物館におけるARアプリ「Daugiau nei matai（ドウギョウ・ネイ・マタイ、見るよりももっと多く、という意）」の事例において、この問いに基づき調査を行なった。調査としては、アプリの導入に関わった10名の博物館専門職員全員を対象とした悉皆アンケート調査と、アプリ開発者へのインタビュー調査を実施した。調査結果は、基本的な利用方法と印象、DNMの価値観、開発における博物館専門職員の役割、利点・欠点の4つの側面から分析された。その結果、対象事例において博物館専門職員は、ARアプリが来館者にとって価値があると判断し、活用していることがわかった。departmental bulletin pape
The vomeronasal organ and incisive duct of harbor seals are modified to secrete acidic mucus into the nasal cavity
Get PDFapplication/pdfMost terrestrial mammals have a vomeronasal system to detect specific chemicals. The peripheral organ of this system is a vomeronasal organ (VNO) opening to the incisive duct, and its primary integrative center is an accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). The VNO in seals is thought to be degenerated like whales and manatees, unlike otariids, because of the absence of the AOB. However, olfaction plays pivotal roles in seals, and thus we conducted a detailed morphological evaluation of the vomeronasal system of three harbor seals (Phoca vitulina). The VNO lumen was not found, and the incisive duct did not open into the oral cavity but was recognized as a fossa on the anteroventral side of the nasal cavity. This fossa is rich in mucous glands that secrete acidic mucopolysaccharides, which might originate from the vomeronasal glands. The olfactory bulb consisted only of a main olfactory bulb that received projections from the olfactory mucosa, but an AOB region was not evident. These findings clarified that harbor seals do not have a VNO to detect some chemicals, but the corresponding region is a specialized secretory organ.journal articl
十勝地方のラッカセイ栽培における適正な栽植密度の検討
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十勝地方のラッカセイでは適正な栽植密度の情報がなく，習慣的に5～6株 m–2で栽培が行われている．本研究では，異なる栽植密度で栽培したラッカセイの生育や収量を比較することで十勝地方における適正な栽植密度を検討した．2021年と2022年に早生品種 「タチマサリ」 を帯広畜産大学実験圃場で栽培した．植え穴の間隔が30 cm，20 cm，および15 cmのマルチを用いることで，栽植密度が5.8株 m–2 （5.8株区）， 8.7株 m–2 （8.7株区），および11.6株 m–2 （11.6株区）となる3つの試験区を設置した．5.8株区では，収穫期まで茎葉部が生長し続けたが，8.7株区と11.6株区では葉面積指数が最大となった後に生長が停滞した．その結果，登熟期の株は8.7株区と11.6株区で小型であり，株当たりの稔実莢数も少なかった．稔実莢率は，5.8株区に比べ8.7株区と11.6株区で高く，5.8株区では未熟莢が多数発生した．単位面積当たりの子実収量は，5.8株区の168 g m–2に比べ8.7株区で254 g m–2，11.6株区で264 g m–2と有意に高く，栽植密度を高くすることで株当たりの生産量は低くなるものの，単位面積当たりの子実収量を改善することができた．11.6株区は8.7株区に比べ栽培に種子を多く必要とするほか，茎葉の繁茂による病害の発生が目立った．十勝地方における 「タチマサリ」 の栽植密度として，本研究の設定のなかでは8.7株m–2が適正と考えられた．In the Tokachi region, peanuts are customarily grown at a density of 5-6 plants m–2, However the optimal planting density remains to be determined. This study examined the optimal planting density of peanut in the Tokachi region by comparing the growth and yield of the early variety ‘Tachimasari’ grown at the experimental field of Obihiro University in 2021 and 2022 at the planting densities of 5.8 plants m–2 (5.8-plot), 8.7 plants m–2 (8.7-plot), and 11.6 plants m–2 (11.6-plot). Plants in the 5.8-plot grew larger and produced more fertile pods than those in the 8.7-plot and 11.6-plot. On the other hand, pod fertility was higher in the 8.7-plot and 11.6-plot than in the 5.8-plot, and the plants in the 5.8-plot produced many immature pods. Seed yield in the 8.7-plot and 11.6-plot was 254 g m–2 and 264 g m–2, respectively, which was significantly higher than the yield of 168 g m–2 in the 5.8-plot. By growing peanut at a higher planting density than 5.8 plants m–2, decline of the pod production by each plant could be compensated by the number of plants, resulting in a higher seed yield. Stands in the 11.6-plot appeared to overgrow and exhibited a higher leaf area index than those in the 8.7-plot. This resulted in an increase the incidence of diseases conspicuously in the 11.6-plot. It was concluded that 8.7 plants m–2 was the optimal planting density for the peanut variety ‘Tachimasari’ in the Tokachi region.journal articl
「北海240号」に由来するコムギ縞萎縮ウイルスの抵抗性遺伝子に関する遺伝育種学的研究
Get PDF帯広畜産大学博士（農学）Doctor of Agriculture2024博士学位論文大学院畜産学研究科 畜産科学専攻Doctoral Program of Animal Science and Agriculturedoctoral thesi
Morphological and endocrinological studies on the placenta in 3 species of rorqual whales
Get PDF帯広畜産大学博士（獣医学）Doctor of Veterinary Medicine2024博士学位論文大学院畜産学研究科 獣医学専攻Doctoral Program of Veterinary Sciencedoctoral thesi
Evaluation of the antiplasmodial and anti-Toxoplasma activities of several Indonesian medicinal plant extracts
Get PDFapplication/pdfEthnopharmacological relevance: Malaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. At the same time, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis has been reported to be 30% worldwide. Traditional medicines have long played a vital role in discovering and developing novel drugs, and this approach is essential in the face of increasing resistance to current antimalarial and anti-Toxoplasma drugs. In Indonesian traditional medicine, various plants are used for their therapeutic properties. This study focuses on eleven medicinal plants from which nineteen extracts were obtained and screened for their potential medicinal benefits against malaria and toxoplasmosis. Aims of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of extracts from Indonesian medicinal plants to inhibit Plasmodium falciparum, a parasite responsible for malaria, and Toxoplasma gondii, an opportunistic parasite responsible for toxoplasmosis. Methods: Nineteen extracts from eleven plants were subjected to in vitro screening against P. falciparum 3D7 (a chloroquine-sensitive strain) and the T. gondii RH strain. In vitro treatments were conducted on P. falciparum 3D7 and K1 (multidrug-resistant strains) using the potent extracts, and in vivo assessments were carried out with mice infected with P. yoelii 17XNL. LCMS analysis was also conducted to identify the main components of the most effective extract. Results: Seven extracts showed significant antiplasmodial activity (>80% inhibition) at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. These extracts were obtained from Dysoxylum parasiticum (Osbeck) Kosterm., Elaeocarpus glaber (Bl.) Bijdr., Eleutherine americana Merr., Kleinhovia hospita L., Peronema canescens Jack, and Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) R.Br. Notably, the D. parasiticum ethyl acetate extract exhibited high selectivity and efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Herein, the key active compounds oleamide and erucamide were identified, which had IC50 values (P. falciparum 3D7/K1) of 17.49/23.63 μM and 32.49/51.59 μM, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study highlight the antimalarial potential of plant extracts collected from Indonesia. Particularly, extracts from D. parasiticum EtOH and EtOAc stood out for their low toxicity and strong antiplasmodial properties, with the EtOAc extract emerging as a notably promising antimalarial candidate. Key compounds identified within this extract demonstrate the complexity of extracts' action against malaria, potentially targeting both the parasite and the host. This suggests a promising approach for developing new antimalarial strategies that tackle the multifaceted challenges of drug resistance and disease management. Future investigations are necessary to unlock the full therapeutic potential of these extracts. © 2024journal articl
Human intestinal schistosomiasis and associated factors among children aged 5-15 years in Buyende district, eastern Uganda
Get PDFapplication/pdfSchistosomiasis infection is one of the neglected tropical diseases associated with significant morbidity and mortality in Uganda. A cross-sectional study in Uganda aimed to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis and its associated factors in children aged five to fifteen. Three hundred forty eight (348) study participants were recruited, and data was collected using a questionnaire. Stool samples were collected for macroscopic and smear microscopy examinations. The data was analyzed using Excel and SPSS. A chi-square test performed to establish factors associated with Schistosomiasis, Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The study participants consisted of schoolchildren between 5 and 15 years old; the majority, 71.5% (249/348), were in the 5–10 age group, and most of the respondents were female, 54.3% (189/348), with a mean age of 8.86.
Out of 348 specimens examined, 52 had Schistosoma mansoni eggs, giving a prevalence of 15% (52/348). Being at school (P-value 0.03), children whose parents or
guardians were farmers (P-value 0.005), a lake as a source of water for home use (P-value 0.01), lack of pit latrines (P-value 0.02), and footwear utilization (P-value 0.001) were the factors that were associated with intestinal human schistosomiasis.
Intestinal human schistosomiasis is a non-ending health challenge among schoolgoing children, as indicated by its high prevalence. There is a need to enhance the current control and preventive measures through health education and improved sanitation, the provision of reliable and safe water sources, and encouraging the use of footwear for all school-going children in the study area.journal articl
Agro-industrial by-products as ruminant feed: Nutritive value and in vitro rumen fermentation evaluation
Get PDFapplication/pdfIn recent years, agricultural by-products have generated increasing interest as ruminant feed. In a completely randomized design with five experimental treatments, this in vitro study investigated the nutritional value of citrus pulp and onion peel as alternative feed for ruminants and their effects on rumen fermentation, digestibility, and gas production. The first group was the control (50% grass hay/50% concentrate mixture). The other four treatments represented citrus pulp and onion peel at inclusion levels of 10 and 20%, replacing the expensive, high-quality feed ingredients such as the concentrate mixture. The chemical composition showed that citrus pulp is an energy-rich material that could be included up to 20% to replace part of the concentrate in a mixed diet without any adverse impacts on rumen fermentation parameters. The onion peels were rich in fiber and minerals. Their inclusion in the diet of over 10% had detrimental effects on rumen fermentation. The inclusion of either citrus pulp or onion peel in the diet did not have the potential to reduce enteric methane production. In conclusion, citrus pulp showed promising results as a new feed for ruminants. It was effective when included in up to 20% of a ruminant diet, replacing the concentrate mixture. © 2024 Japanese Society of Animal Science.othe
Lot-to-lot variation in the microbiota during the brewing process of kimoto-type Japanese rice wine
Get PDFapplication/pdfKimoto-type Japanese rice wine (sake) has a wide variety of flavors, as the predominant microbes, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and nitrate-reducing bacteria, that spontaneously proliferate in the fermentation starter vary depending on the brewery. In this study, we traced the microbiota in four lots of starters manufactured in a newly established brewery and evaluated the lot-to-lot variation and characteristics of the microbiota in the brewery. The results of a 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon analysis showed that the starters brewed in the second brewing year had a more diverse microbiota than those in the first brewing year. Among the LAB predominated at the middle production stage, lactococci, including Leuconostoc spp., were detected in all the lots, while lactobacilli predominated for the first time in the second year. These results suggest that repeated brewing increased microbial diversity and altered the microbial transition pattern in the kimoto-style fermentation starters. Phylogenetic analyses for the LAB isolates from each starter identified Leuconostoc suionicum, Leuconostoc citreum, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides as predominant lactococci as well as a unique lactobacillus in place of Latilactobacillus sakei. We also found that a rice koji-derived Staphylococcus gallinarum with nitrate-reducing activity was generally predominant during the early production stage, suggesting that there was a case in which staphylococci played a role in nitrite production in the starters. These findings are expected to contribute to the understanding of the diversity of microbiota in kimoto-type sake brewing and enable control of the microbiota for consistent sake quality. © 2024 BMFH Pressjournal articl