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Manufacturability of bolt-microtubular anode supports for solid oxide fuel cells
Full text linkThe effects of anode support tape length on the manufacturability and level of surface patterning in bolt-microtubular anode supports (BMASs) for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are investigated in this study. Continuous anode support tapes of similar to 5-25 cm are wrapped on a threaded rod for this purpose and five-layered boltmicrotubular cells (BMCs) are manufactured on these supports. Similarly, microtubular anode supports (MASs) by using a pin and corresponding microtubular cells (MCs) are also fabricated and examined for comparison. The tape lengths <= 9.9 cm yield mechanically unstable BMASs or BMSs due to fractures that occur during sintering in the anode supports or during testing in the cells. The electrochemical performance tests show that all BMCs exhibit relatively higher performances compared to those of MCs for a certain tape length. The highest maximum power density of 0.479 Wcm(-2) at 800 degrees C operating temperature is obtained from BMC prepared with 12 cm long anode support tape, whereas that of MC fabricated with the same anode support length is measured as 0.313 Wcm(-2) under the same testing conditions. The impedance measurements reveal that the improvement in the cell performances is due to reduced electrode polarization resistance achieved by the bolt-like microtube design.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Tuerkiye (TUBITAK); [222M185]The equipment and materials support of this research by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Tuerkiye (TUBITAK) under a project number of 222M185 is gratefully acknowledged
Psychiatric Sequelae in Adult Open Globe Injury Patients
Full text linkBackground: The aim of this study was to investigate psychiatric sequelae in open globe injury patients and to identify the risk factors associated with these sequelae. Methods: After a complete ophthalmologic examination, Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Zung Depression Scale (ZDS) scores were administered to all patients. Patients were divided into 5 groups according to final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA): group 1 (no perception of light, NPL), group 2 [perception of light (PL) or hand movements (HM)], group 3 (1/200 to 19/200), group 4 (20/200 to 20/50), and group 5 (20/40 or above). Results: A total of 113 patients with open globe injuries were included. The mean ZDS scores were 78.5±35.9 in group 1, 66.2±24.5 in group 2, and 27.6±2.1 in group 5. In group 1, 8 patients (66.7%) had moderate depression. In group 2, 20 patients (60.6%) had mild depression. All patients in group 4 and group 5 had ZDS scores in the normal range. There is a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of ZDS scores. In univariate analysis, depression (ZDS) and trauma (DTS) scores were associated with younger age (P=0.016 and P=0.003, respectively) and lower final visual acuity level (P<0.001, for both). In multivariate analysis adjusted for age and sex, a lower final visual acuity level (P<0.001, for both) was also associated. Conclusions: In conclusion, high anxiety and depression scores can be seen in open globe injury patients. Patients with young age and lower final visual acuity should be carefully screened, and the presence of a psychiatric pathology should be investigated. Amelioration of psychiatric pathologies may improve patient compliance with treatment and clinical success. Copyright © 2024 by Mutaz B. Habal, MD
In silico analysis of DEL-1 and inflammation-related genes in lung squamous cell carcinoma
Full text linkAim: Twenty to thirty percent of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are caused by lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), especially in smokers and there has been limited study previously evaluating the situation in terms of the genome and gene expression profile, which demonstrates the relationship among DEL-1, leucocyte recruitment, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in LUSC. Material and methods: In the current study, the m-RNA expression patterns and mutation profiles of our target genes, such as, pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemoattractant molecules, and DEL-1 genes, in 511 LUSC patients. To find the harmful mutations, the PolyPhen-2 and SNAP programs were employed. Not only gene expression was detected, but also survival analysis and correlation between DEL-1 and other target genes' expression levels were explored too. Results: Target genes such as, DEL-1, TNF, IL-18, IL-1, CXCL8, CXCL13, and IL-6 were found to have a total genetic anomaly carrying rate of 16.4%. Seven mutations were found, and two of those mutations have a pathogenic aspect. Deep deletion and gene amplification of the genetic anomalies were also observed. According to gene expression analysis results in the LUSC patient group; DEL-1 and IL-6 levels were significantly lower than those of the control group, whereas the CXCL13 level was found to be higher. Conclusion: Findings of the current study revealed that, there is a significant role of DEL-1 in LUSC pathogenesis. Since present study is an in silico-centered study, this approach can give more insight on experimental studies. These events may support that one of the cancer improvement mechanisms depending on DEL-1 gene at the molecular level.The data used in present study are obtained from public database the TCGA Research Network: https:// www.cancer.gov/tcga. We thank the TCGA and GEPIA databases for the availability of the data
Is COVID-19 loss more associated with prolonged grief disorder than other losses?
Full text linkThe COVID-19 pandemic raised fears about a rise in prolonged grief rates. To determine if these fears are justified, we examined an online sample of 329 Turkish adults for their level of prolonged grief symptoms (as well as probable Prolonged Grief Disorder-PGD) and associated factors in relation to losses during the pandemic. Respondents completed measures of prolonged grief, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression. Overall, 10% of participants reported symptoms indicating a probable PGD diagnosis. Surprisingly, loss due to COVID-19 or disruption of the natural mourning process did not relate to higher levels of prolonged grief. Our findings suggest that although levels of prolonged grief (and rates of PGD) may have increased during the pandemic, prolonged grief (or PGD) during this time is likely not linked to losses due to COVID-19 or to disruptions in the normal grieving process
Gut microbiota contributes to bisphenol A-induced maternal intestinal and placental apoptosis, oxidative stress, and fetal growth restriction in pregnant ewe model by regulating gut-placental axis
Full text linkBackgroundBisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental contaminant with endocrine-disrupting properties that induce fetal growth restriction (FGR). Previous studies on pregnant ewes revealed that BPA exposure causes placental apoptosis and oxidative stress (OS) and decreases placental efficiency, consequently leading to FGR. Nonetheless, the response of gut microbiota to BPA exposure and its role in aggravating BPA-mediated apoptosis, autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and OS of the maternal placenta and intestine are unclear in an ovine model of gestation.ResultsTwo pregnant ewe groups (n = 8/group) were given either a subcutaneous (sc) injection of corn oil (CON group) or BPA (5 mg/kg/day) dissolved in corn oil (BPA group) once daily, from day 40 to day 110 of gestation. The maternal colonic digesta and the ileum and placental tissue samples were collected to measure the biomarkers of autophagy, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, ERS, and OS. To investigate the link between gut microbiota and the BPA-induced FGR in pregnant ewes, gut microbiota transplantation (GMT) was conducted in two pregnant mice groups (n = 10/group) from day 0 to day 18 of gestation after removing their intestinal microbiota by antibiotics. The results indicated that BPA aggravates apoptosis, ERS and autophagy, mitochondrial function injury of the placenta and ileum, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in pregnant ewes. GMT indicated that BPA-induced ERS, autophagy, and apoptosis in the ileum and placenta are attributed to gut microbiota dysbiosis resulting from BPA exposure.ConclusionsOur findings indicate the underlying role of gut microbiota dysbiosis and gut-placental axis behind the BPA-mediated maternal intestinal and placental apoptosis, OS, and FGR. The findings further provide novel insights into modulating the balance of gut microbiota through medication or probiotics, functioning via the gut-placental axis, to alleviate gut-derived placental impairment or FGR.DorkkcsjvJM4thb48aSHyrVideo AbstractConclusionsOur findings indicate the underlying role of gut microbiota dysbiosis and gut-placental axis behind the BPA-mediated maternal intestinal and placental apoptosis, OS, and FGR. The findings further provide novel insights into modulating the balance of gut microbiota through medication or probiotics, functioning via the gut-placental axis, to alleviate gut-derived placental impairment or FGR.DorkkcsjvJM4thb48aSHyrVideo AbstractProject of National Key Research and Development Program of China [2023YFD1301705]; Top Talents Award Plan of Yangzhou University; Cyanine Project of Yangzhou UniversityThe research was supported by the fund for the Project of National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFD1301705), the Top Talents Award Plan of Yangzhou University (2020) and the Cyanine Project of Yangzhou University (2020)
Optimization of hot air and microwave drying conditions for purple and yellow flesh colored potatoes and application of dry powder to different products
Full text linkFen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Gıda Mühendisliği Ana Bilim DalıÇalışmada mikrodalga ve sıcak hava kurutmanın farklı et rengine sahip patates çeşitlerinde optimizasyonu yapılmıştır. Bu optimizasyon sonucuna göre sarı et renkli patates çeşidinin sıcak hava kurutma ile optimum koşulları (kurutma sıcaklığı, dilim kalınlığı, haşlama süresi) 74,19 °C, 4,06 mm ve 5,58 dakika iken mor et renkli patates çeşidi için 55 °C, 5,80 mm ve 4 dakika olarak belirlenmiştir. Sarı et renkli patatesin mikrodalga ile optimum kurutma koşulları (mikrodalga gücü, dilim kalınlığı, haşlama süresi) 418,18 W, 6 mm ve 2 dakika iken mor et renkli patates için 300 W, 6mm ve 8 dakika olarak belirlenmiştir. Optimizasyon sonucu elde edilen patates tozu örnekleri bisküvi, ekmek ve çorba yapımında kullanılmıştır. Sarı patates tozu ilavesi TFM miktarını (en fazla) bisküvi, ekmek ve çorbada sırasıyla 1,60, 3,86, 1,28 kat artırırken, mor patates tozu ilavesi 2,89, 4,37, 2,90 oranında arttırmıştır. Ekmekte tekstürel olarak daha yumuşak bir ürün elde edilirken çorbada vizkozite azalmış, bisküvilerde ise sıcak hava ile kurutulan mor et renkli patates tozu ile yapılanların rengi daha iyi korunmuştur.In this study, microwave and hot air drying were optimized for potato varieties with different flesh colors. According to the results of this optimization, the optimum conditions (drying temperature, slice thickness, blanching time) of the yellow flesh-colored potato variety with hot air drying were determined to be 74.19 °C, 4.06 mm, and 5.58 minutes, while 55 °C, 5.80 mm, and 4 minutes for the purple flesh-colored potato variety. The optimum microwave drying conditions (microwave power, slice thickness, blanching time) for yellow flesh-colored potatoes were determined to be 418.18 W, 6 mm, and 2 minutes, while 300 W, 6 mm, and 8 minutes for purple flesh-colored potatoes. Potato powder samples obtained as a result of optimization were used in biscuit, bread, and soup production. The addition of yellow potato powder increased the amount of TFM (maximum) by 1.60, 3.86, 1.28 times in biscuits, bread and soup, respectively, while the addition of purple potato powder increased it by 2.89, 4.37, 2.90. While a texturally softer product was obtained in bread, viscosity decreased in soup, and the color of the biscuits made with purple flesh-colored potato powder dried with hot air was better preserved
Genome modifications in cassava
Full text linkCassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a tropical crop, is consumed as a second major source of carbohydrates worldwide. Its origin traces back to Africa, and then it flourished throughout the world by becoming the staple food for more than half of the world’s population. Nowadays, this crop has become a center of research because of its economic and nutritional value. Besides having many attributes, cassava also needs improvement in various aspects, i.e., breeding practices, tolerance to abiotic stresses, disease resistance, and enhanced starch content. This has been improved by using gene editing technologies like TALENs (transcription activator-like effector nucleases), ZFNs (zinc finger nucleases), mega nucleases, and CRISPRs (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) associated with Cas-9 protein. In addition to re-evaluating the importance of these strategies in cassava improvement, this manuscript also includes the biofortification, modification, and storage of starch, as well as the root production and postharvest storage of cassava. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Zonguldak’ta PM2.5 odaklı hava kirliliği-mortalite ilişkisinin incelenmesi
Full text linkHava kirliliği her yıl milyonlarca insanın ölümüne sebep olmaktadır. Küresel ısınmanın etkisiyle hava sıcaklıklarının artması kirleticilerin atmosferde kalış süresini artırmaktadır. Bu durum çevre ve halk sağlığı açısından maruziyeti ve ölüm riskini yükseltmektedir. Özellikle PM2.5 (ince partikül madde) üst solunum yolu hastalıklarının ve hastalıklara bağlı ölümlerin temel kaynaklarından biridir. Bu çalışmada, Zonguldak ili özelinde PM2.5 kaynaklı hava kirliliğinin yetişkin (25+ yaş) mortalitesi üzerindeki etkisi irdelenmiştir. 4 hava kalitesi ölçüm istasyonundan elde edilen ((i) Çatalağzı-Cumayanı, (ii) Çatalağzı-Kuzyaka, (iii) Çaycuma ve (iv) Trafik) PM2.5 konsantrasyonu verileri yıllık ve mevsimsel bazda değerlendirilmiştir. 3 yıllık zaman dilimi için (2020-2021 ve 2022) gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, hava kirliliğine atfedilen tahmini ölüm sayısının 2022 yılında en yüksek seviyeye ulaştığı (ortalama 927 kişi) tespit edilmiştir
Online purchase behavior of sports consumers: the effect of eWOM and celebrity endorsements
Full text linkPurposeThe aim of this research is to measure the impact of eWOM (electronic word of mouth) and brand celebrity use on the purchasing behavior of sports consumers.Design/methodology/approachTo test the model hypotheses, sports consumers who use social media and have purchased at least one online sports product were selected as the research group. Online survey method was used, and 836 participants were reached. The model was tested with structural equation modeling (SEM) through smart PLS software.FindingsAs a result, the quality, credibility and usefulness of the information consumers encounter on online platforms cause them to adopt information about products or services, and then exhibit online purchase behavior. While the attractiveness and trustworthiness of celebrities are seen as important factors affecting consumers' online purchase of sports products, the effect of celebrity expertise was found to be ineffective in this study.Practical implicationsMarketers can develop more effective eWOM strategies by considering consumers' expectations. Businesses that want to implement an effective marketing strategy may prefer celebrities in product promotions or advertisements of their brands.Originality/valueThis research revealed the effect of eWOM and celebrity endorsement on the online purchase behavior of sports consumers in terms of the sports industry. Unlike previous studies, this study examined these variables together on sports consumers and contributed to the development of models