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İşletme Pazarlama Yöneticilerinin Tükenmişlik Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Niğde ve Yöresinde Yapılan Bir Araştırma
Full text linkAmaç– Araştırma, tükenmişliğin işletme pazarlama alanındaki durumunu incelemek ve işletme yöneticilerinin (satış, pazarlama) tükenmişlik düzeylerine tükenmişlik düzeylerine yönelik bakış açısı ve düşünce düzeylerini ortaya koymak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Yöntem– Araştırma geçmişte veya günümüzde halen varolan bir durum olan iş görenlerin tükenmişlik düzeylerininu, varolduğu şekliyle betimlemeyi amaçlayan tarama modeli ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada, pazarlama-satış yöneticilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla Maslach ve Jackson (1981) tarafından bulunan, Bakker vd. (2002) tarafından geliştirilen, Çapri (2006) tarafından tükenmişlik ölçeğinin geçerlik-güvenirlik çalışması olarak Türkçe uyarlaması yapılan ve yine Çapri, Gündüz ve Gökçakan (2011) tarafından uygulanan Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri-Öğrenci Formu (MTE-ÖF) kullanılmıştır. Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği doğrultusunda ve literatürde yer alan bilgilerden yararlanılarak düzenlenen anket formu 01-31 Ekim 2021 tarihleri arasında, araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturan Niğde ve yöresindeki, yargısal olarak seçilen ve küçük-orta büyüklükteki toplam 353 işletme satış-pazarlama yöneticileriyle yüz yüze gerçekleştirilen anketlerden elde edilen veriler SPSS 27.0 paket programında değerlendirilmiştir. Hipotez ya da model kurulmayan araştırmanın gerçekleştirilmesinde tarama yöntemi tercih edilmiş olup, verilerin değerlendirilmesinde pazarlama-satış yöneticilerinin bakış açısı ve düşünce düzeylerini belirlemede bazı tanımlayıcı istatistikler ile bağımsız gruplar için t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve farkın hangi gruplar arasında olduğunu belirlemek amacıyla çoklu karşılaştırmalar için LSD post hoc teknikleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular– Araştırma sonucu elde edilen veriler ve bulgular doğrultusunda, işletme pazarlama ve satış yöneticilerinin genel olarak düşük tükenme düzeylerine sahip oldukları söylenebilir. Niğde ve yöresindeki küçük-orta büyüklükteki işletme pazarlama ve satış yöneticilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin kişisel başarı eksikliği (yetkinlik) alt boyutu bakımından ise yüksek, duygusal tükenme ve duyarsızlaşma alt boyutları bakımından ise düşük seviyede olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tartışma – Araştırma bulguları iş görenlerin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin cinsiyet, yaş, tecrübe durumu, eğitim ve gelir guruplarına göre farklılık olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca işletme pazarlama ve satış yöneticilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerine bakış açısı ve düşünce düzeyleri ile ilgili sınırlı sayıda yapılan araştırma nedeniyle literatüre katkı sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir
Evaluation of private military companies in terms of control mechanism: Wagner and Blackwater cases
Full text linkSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Avrasya Araştırmaları Ana Bilim DalıGüvenlik, insanlığın varoluşundan bu yana süregelen, Maslow'un ihtiyaçlar hiyerarşisinin ilk basamağında yer alan temel ihtiyaçlardan biridir. Bireylerin olduğu kadar toplumların ve devletlerin de en temel ihtiyacı olan güvenlik algısı, zamanla savaş ve çatışmalarda meydana gelen yapısal değişikliklerin yani sıra tehdit algısında meydana gelen değişimler nedeniyle de farklı bir boyuta evrilmiştir. Geleneksel anlamda devletin tekelinde olan güvenlik, küreselleşmenin etkisiyle yeni bir fenomen haline gelen özelleşme akımından payını almıştır. Bunun neticesinde özel askeri şirketlerin yaygınlaşması kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, paralı askerlik ve özel askeri şirket kavramını ele alarak güvenliğin özelleşmesine yönelik tarihsel sürece değinmek, iki kavram arasındaki farklılıkları analiz etmek, dünyanın pek çok bölgesinde aktif olarak faaliyet gösteren özel askeri şirketlerin denetlenebilirliği açısından uluslararası hukuki çerçeveye ve mevcut kanunlara yer vererek, ulusal düzeyde ABD ve Rusya'daki hukuki düzenlemeleri ele almaktır. Ayrıca bu iki ülkenin önde gelen özel askeri şirketleri Wagner ve Blackwater'ın gelişimi, faaliyet alanları, ülkeler için etkileri gibi hususlara değinerek, denetlenebilirlik açısından Wagner ve Blackwater'ı analiz etmek ve iki şirketi genel hatları ile karşılaştırarak farklarını ortaya koymak da çalışmanın amaçları arasındadır.Security is one of the basic needs that has existed since the existence of humanity and is at the first level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. The perception of security, which is the most basic need of societies and states as well as individuals, has evolved to a different dimension over time due to structural changes that occur in wars and conflicts, as well as changes in the perception of threat. Security, which has traditionally been the monopoly of the state, has received its share from the privatization movement, which has become a new phenomenon with the influence of globalization. As a result, the proliferation of private military companies has become inevitable. The main purpose of this study is to touch upon the historical process of privatization of security by discussing the concepts of mercenary service and private military company, and to analyze the differences between the two concepts, address the legal regulations in the USA and Russia at the national level, by including the international legal framework and existing laws in terms of the auditability of private military companies actively operating in many regions of the world. In addition, the aims of the study are to analyze Wagner and Blackwater in terms of auditability, by touching on issues such as the development of Wagner and Blackwater, the leading private military companies of these two countries, their areas of activity, their effects on the countries, and to reveal the differences by comparing the two companies in general terms
CONVEYING LOVE FOR ANIMALS TO CHILDREN THROUGH ANIMATED CARTOONS: NİLOYA
Full text linkIn this study, the animated cartoon series \"Niloya,\" which is broadcast on the children's television channel TRT Çocuk and targets preschool and school-aged children, is examined. Animals hold an important place in the world of children, just as humans and nature do. Therefore, depicting animals in animated cartoons makes them significant for children's education. The role of animated cartoons in conveying values to children is an undeniable fact. This study investigates the teaching of love for animals to children and traces the relationship between humans and animals through the Niloya animated cartoon series. For this purpose, 37 episodes of the cartoon were selected using purposive sampling technique and analyzed through narrative analysis method. As a result of the study, scenes depicting friendship between humans and animals were frequently observed in the examined episodes. Topics such as the necessity of extending a helping hand to animals living in need, the social and emotional benefits of pet ownership for children, the sense of getting to know and exploring new animals, and the importance of not harming animals were addressed in the atmosphere of the animated cartoon. Throughout all the analyzed episodes, expressions of love for animals, cooperation, friendship, spending time with them, playing with them, and human support towards animals were evident
DIRECT GAZE OF THE ACTOR TOWARDS THE CAMERA IN CINEMA IN THE CONTEXT OF IDENTIFICATION AND ALIENATION: A DISCUSSION ON THE FILMS “THE BRAND NEW TESTAMENT” (2015) AND “FUNNY GAMES” (1997)
Full text linkFrom its beginnings to the present day the language of film has evolved in different contexts, undergone transformations and produced different cinematic narrative possibilities in different forms and contents. These narrative possibilities exist mainly within the classical Aristotelian structure, but with the adaptation of the Brechtian structure to cinema, they have also taken different directions. This shift has led to various changes in screenwriting, cinematography, acting and other areas. The central question of this study is based on these differences, with a particular focus on the gaze in cinema. The main aim is to analyse classical and contemporary narrative structures in the context of actors' direct gaze to the camera, interpreting the differences through The Brand New Testament (2015) and Funny Games (1997). The aim of this study is to examine the positioning of these two films in the context of contemporary narrative structures, with a particular focus on the direct gaze of the actors and the concept of alienation. The aim of this research is twofold. First, it aims to categorize the direct gazes of the actors in the two films that are the object of research and to examine them together with the characteristics of contemporary narrative cinema. Second, the study aims to clarify the role of the actor's direct gaze within this narrative framework. This study aims to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of narrative nuances in contemporary cinema and aims to reveal the elements that transform classical viewing practices in cinema from a direct perspective
Bubbling fluidized bed and oven drying for Turkish coal: a comparative study
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to compare the changes in the heating value of Turkish coal (Konya-Ilgin) with bubbling fluidized bed drying (BFBD) and oven drying (OD). The changes mentioned at three different temperatures (80-95-110 degrees C) and different moisture contents were investigated. In the tests carried out at three different temperatures using BFBD system, coal drying for 60 minutes produced the dried coal samples with the calorific value of 6300 kcal/kg at 80 degrees C. As a result, a calorific value increase of approximately 53.7% based on initial value was achieved. In the OD system, it increased to 4600 kcal/kg under the same conditions, and at 110 degrees C this value increased to 5250 kcal/kg. This means a 28.0% calorie increase. In the BFBD system, at this temperature value, it reached 6450 kcal/kg, an increase of 57.3% compared to the initial caloric value. Coal drying for 60 minutes produced the dried coal samples with the moisture content 8.9% by BFBD at 80 degrees C. As a result, a moisture decrease of approximately 4.40 times based on initial value was achieved. Under the same conditions, the moisture reduction for OD was 1.33 times. When the temperature value reached 110 degrees C, only a 3.07 times decrease in humidity could be achieved
Enhancement of luminescence and thermal stability in Eu3+-doped K3Y (BO2)6 with Li+ and Na+ co-doping
Full text linkEu3+-doped and Li+/Na+ co-doped K3Y(BO2)6 (KYBO) phosphors were synthesized through a microwave- assisted sol-gel method, and their structural and photoluminescent (PL) characteristics were examined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement confirm effective dopant incorporation and preservation of the crystalline structure. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicates the maintenance of the borate structure, confirming the structural integrity of the phosphors upon doping. The addition of Li+ and Na+ co-dopants notably enhances luminescent efficiency and thermal stability, making these phosphors promising candidates for solid-state lighting (SSL) applications. PL analysis reveals strong red emission peaks at 612 nm, attributed to the 5 D o ? 7 F 2 transition of Eu3+ ions. The study indicates that electric dipole-quadrupole interactions are the primary mechanism for energy migration, with a critical distance of approximately 22.68 & Aring;. This mechanism contributes to concentration quenching at higher doping levels. High temperature PL measurements indicated an activation energy of 0.1389 eV for thermal quenching in the Li+ co-doped sample. Additionally, the Na+ co-doped sample exhibited an abnormal thermal stability behavior, with an even higher activation energy of 0.2536 eV. This suggests that Na+ co-doping significantly enhances the thermal resilience of the phosphor, making it more suitable for high-power light-emitting applications that operate under extreme conditions. CIE chromaticity diagrams highlight the potential for optimizing Eu3+ doping levels, combined with Li+ and Na+ co-doping, to improve luminescent performance and thermal stability for advanced SSL applications. (c) 2024 The Society of Powder Technology Japan. Published by Elsevier BV and The Society of Powder Technology Japan. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [PNURSP2024R16]; Turkish Scientific Research Council [223M036, TUBITAK-1001]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [2221]We express our gratitude to the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2024R16) , Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This study was supported by the Turkish Scientific Research Council with the project numbered 223M036 within the scope of theTUBITAK-1001 project. The authors also extend their sincere gratitude for the support rendered to this study by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) through the 2221-Fellowships for Visiting Scientists and Scientists on Sabbatical Leave Programme
The effect of endometriosis on anxiety and the Quality of Life in women
Full text linkThis descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 420 women. The data were collected by using the Descriptive Information Form, SF-36 Quality of Life Scale (QoLS) and State Anxiety Inventory (SAI). The data were evaluated with Mann-Whitney U-test, Student's t-test and Pearson correlation analysis. Endometriosis had been diagnosed in 12.1% of the women. The score medians obtained by the women with endometriosis from the pain and physical role difficulty sub-dimensions of the QoLS were found to be significantly lower than those obtained by women without endometriosis. The presence of endometriosis was found not to affect the state anxiety in the women. A weak or moderately significant negative relationship was found between the number and onset time of the symptoms and certain sub-dimensions of the QoLS in the women with endometriosis
Environmental fiscal policy and carbon emissions in Turkey: evidence from cointegration and causality analysis with structural breaks
Full text linkEnvironmental degradation, a critical issue in academic literature, arises from multiple factors including increased carbon emissions, urbanization, industrialization, mass production, and extensive use of non-renewable energy sources. These factors notably impact sustainable economic growth and environmental quality. Globally, efforts are directed towards optimizing carbon emissions to minimize their adverse effects. This necessitates effective environmental policies. This study examines the effectiveness of Turkey's environmental policy using cointegration and causality tests that account for structural breaks. The analysis utilizes data from 1990 to 2020, the most comprehensive dataset for Turkey to date. Findings indicate that Turkey's environmental policy is effective in reducing carbon emissions, highlighting a need for policy reassessment. © 2024 Stellenbosch University
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANALYSIS OF RETINAL THICKNESS IN COVID-19 PATIENTS
Full text linkOBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to perform Optical Coherence Tomography analysis of retinal changes in patients with COVID-19 infection and compare them with healthy controls. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this purpose, 42 COVID-19 positive patients (group 1) and 44 healthy adults (group 2), aged between 18 and 68 years, who were admitted to our clinic between October 1, 2020 and May 1, 2021, were included in the study. Central foveal thickness, choroidal thickness (subfoveal) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber thickness were measured. Measurements were performed at the central fovea and at 1500 ?m nasal and 1500 ?m temporal points from the central fovea. RESULTS: Age and gender distribution were similar in the groups (p=0.610 and p=0.992, respectively). However, central foveal thickness (p<0.001), subfoveal choroidal thickness (p=0.001) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (p<0.001) were significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, central fovea, subfoveal choroidal and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were higher in polymerase chain reaction positive COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. To understand the pathogenesis of systemic and local changes caused by COVID-19, multicenter and long-term studies with a large number of patient subgroups are necessary
Simultaneous deep eutectic solvent based microextraction for monitoring Brilliant blue and rhodamine B in foodstuff and industrial samples
Full text linkBrilliant blue (Bb) (legal food dye) and rhodamine b (Rb) (illegal food dye) are artificial dyes used in different industries such as food and cosmetic. Due to their toxic effects on humans, extreme exposure to these food additives can lead to health problems. Simultaneous deep eutectic solvent based (DES) microextraction method was developed first time for spectrophotometric determination of Bb and Rb. DES composed of 1-heptanol and tetra butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) was synthesized and then used for simultaneous microextraction of Bb and Rb. Effects of pH, composition ratio and volume of DES, time of vortex mixing, centrifugation time and rate, sample volume and matrix components were investigated to achieve quantitative simultaneous microextraction of the dyes. The detection limits 20 and 13 mu g/L, linear dynamic ranges between 0.068-4.5 and 0.042-3 mu g/mL and 40 preconcentration factors were obtained for Bb and Rb, respectively. Bb and Rb contents of commercially available industrial samples were determined between 3.85-6.28 mu g/mL and 1.05-23.50 mu g/g for liquid and solid samples, respectively. Quantitative recoveries ranging from 92 to 106% were obtained in multivariable analyte addition -recovery tests. In addition to dye content determination process of real samples and method development studies, extraction mechanisms of method were elucidated for Bb and Rb. Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) and score of Analytical Eco-Scale (AES) were evaluated