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Ohl 110-111, no. 2 (side a) – Funerary monument (now missing) with armorial bearings for Henricus de Rover and his wife, Margarita de Monte, November 3, 1584 and July 15, 1592/(side b) – Dedication honoring Pope Pius VI by Pius Thomas Schiara and others, 1776
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A Techno-Economic Analysis of Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Systems in Buildings with Renewable Energy Sources
Get PDFBattery energy storage systems (BESS) provide various benefits, including renewable energy integration and grid support ancillary services, such as frequency regulation. The most commonly dispatched BESS are those of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) chemistries. However, concerns relating to depleting Lithium reserves as well as ethical issues relating to the extraction of Lithium and associated materials have provided motivation to search for a sustainable battery chemistry that can provide comparable, if not better, performance than Li-ion. An emerging technology of interest that may address this issue is the Sodium-ion (Na-ion) battery, due to the vast abundance of Sodium in nature and theoretical performance being similar to its Li-ion counterpart. In this Thesis, a techno-economic analysis of Li-ion and Na-ion BESS have been performed to determine their performance and financial metrics. The Energy Advancement and Innovation Center (EAIC) has been used to model a building with renewable energy resources, and a BESS of each chemistry has been designed to meet the optimal dispatch strategy to meet the load demand of the EAIC as determined by the Renewable Energy Integration and Optimization Tool (REopt) provided by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). The financial metrics of each BESS have been obtained using the cashflows from REopt to determine the net present value (NPV) of each project. Then, using the power profile from REopt as an input, an electrothermal simulation for grid-connected storage has been developed to determine the performance metrics of each BESS chemistry. To simulate the performance metrics for frequency regulation, a RegD signal from PJM was used as the power profile for each BESS. The financial metrics of each BESS performing frequency regulation were obtained by calculating the credits using data from PJM. Finally, a comprehensive comparison of each technology has been provided for each BESS chemistry, accounting for its performance and financial metrics, while also considering the social and environmental impact of each technology.Ohio State Energy PartnersNo embargoAcademic Major: Electrical and Computer Engineerin
Quantifying naturalistic occupant postures in belt-positioning booster seats through pressure mapping.
Get PDFEngineering: 1st Place (The Ohio State University Edward F. Hayes Advanced Research
Forum)Background and Objective: Previous studies have shown that belt-positioning booster (BPB) characteristics influence occupant posture as they contribute to the occupant’s comfort during use. Slouching is a common out of position (OOP) posture associated with comfort that is assumed by BPB occupants to accommodate for long seat lengths. This posture is particularly concerning because of its association with injuries in the event of a crash. Previous work that has investigated BPB occupant postures has been limited in the ability to fully quantify slouched postures due to limitations in data collection techniques that occluded the pelvis. Further, these works were primarily focused on ideal, instantaneous occupant postures. It is pivotal to understand naturalistic (time-dependent, non-ideal) postures so future testing of crash surrogates can more accurately represent pediatric occupants. This will improve BPB design and injury mitigation strategies. Therefore, the objective of this study was to collect quantitative data to describe naturalistic postures of BPB occupants over extended periods of time using novel applications of pressure mapping.
Methods: Thirty booster-age children (5 to 12 years old) were recruited. Five seating configurations were used to manipulate booster profile (high, low, or no BPB) and the presence of armrests (armrests present or none), using two low back BPB models and captains’ chairs from a current model minivan. Two captain’s chairs were arranged within the laboratory to mimic the front and rear rows of a vehicle interior. Volunteers were randomly assigned to two of the five seating configurations, which were implemented in the rear row captain’s chair. TekScan 5250 pressure mats were arranged to cover the BPB seating surface. Cameras were positioned to record the occupant’s behaviors over time. Each trial lasted thirty minutes during which center of force (COF) position from pressure maps was continuously collected, along with video and posture data from XSENS inertial measurement units. Every ten minutes the volunteers were provided a two-question survey to evaluate their comfort.
Results: Children assumed a variety of postures over the thirty minutes from remaining stationary to frequent changes. There were no significant differences in COF average fore-aft position, or maximum relative translation based on BPB seating configuration. Assessing translation of COF over time showed significant differences between BPB profiles and with respect to time, with an average forward translation of 2.47 cm from ideal reference positions over the 30-minute period (p=0.0028), the greatest translation occurring in low-profile and baseline configurations.
Discussion and Conclusions: This is the first study to report pressure mapping metrics for BPB occupants over time. On average, volunteers trended towards slouched postures, evidenced by a forward translation of their COF within seating configurations over the 30-minute period. These data can be applied in future surrogate models to accurately assess the implications of naturalistic BPB occupant postures. Future work should continue to investigate these postures in more realistic, on-road environments and explore the influence of additional BPB features in promoting prolonged ideal positions throughout the entirety of motor vehicle travel.No embarg
AAR Inv. No. 6070 – Inscribed fragment, indeterminable date, but possibly 2nd-3rd century CE
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Increasing Psychological Referrals for Lung Cancer Patients with Depression and Anxiety: Experience with ASCO Screening and Treatment Guidelines
Get PDFLung cancer patients report some of the highest levels of depression and anxiety of all cancer types. To provide patients with an avenue for psychological treatment, hospitals and clinics may refer patients to psychological services. In 2023 the American Society of Clinical Oncology released guidelines for screening adult cancer patients with depression and anxiety. For the present study, ASCO guideline-recommended screening measures (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7], Patients Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]) were administered to an observational cohort of individuals with stage IV lung cancer (N = 287; NCT03199651). 60 (21%) of patients exceeded cutoffs (PHQ ≥ 8 and/or GAD ≥ 10) and 227 (79%) did not. If a patient screened “positive” the respective oncologist received a letter notifying him/her of the symptom elevations and recommending a psychological evaluation follow-up. In 2/2023, a medical record search for all patients determined instances of referrals to psychological services. For patients with a positive screen (n = 60), 23 (38%) were referred to a psychological service but the majority 37 (62%) were not. For added clarity, post hoc analyses contrasted characteristics of the positive, referred patients versus the positive, not referred patients. Referred patients did not differ significantly from those not referred on any measure or sociodemographic, except being somewhat younger (57 versus 64). As this example suggests, lung cancer patients have high rates of depression and anxiety, making screening a critical, necessary step. However, patients’ actual care paths thereafter are little examined, and the majority of positively screened patients studied here did not have a referral for further psychological evaluation and/or treatment. Achieving a second step of referral is complex. Data suggest notification to a patient’s physician may be insufficient to eventuate in patients’ mental health care, with the need to examine the processes following screening to ensure guideline-recommended mental health care.No embargoAcademic Major: Psycholog
Rasch Analysis of the Brief Version of the Internet Addiction Test
No full textEducation and Human Ecology: 1st Place (The Ohio State University Edward F. Hayes Advanced Research Forum)The study aimed to validate a brief version of the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) to enhance its efficiency in measuring internet addiction among undergraduate university students in China. This study employed the Rasch rating scale model (RSM) analysis to determine (i) item polarity, (ii) item fit statistics, (iii) unidimensionality, and (iv) person and item reliability of the brief version of the IAT scale. Through the Rasch RSM analysis, two items were deemed misfit and ten redundant. They were subsequently removed from the scale, resulting in a brief version comprising ten items. The analysis demonstrated that the brief IAT is a unidimensional tool for measuring internet addiction among undergraduate university students. The newly validated scale is proposed for more convenient use, offering a more efficient means to measure internet addiction.A five-year embargo was granted for this item
The role of endogenous opioid peptides in regulating enteric neuron activity and gut motility
Get PDFThe endogenous opioid peptides, including enkephalin, endorphin, and dynorphin, are important for regulating gut motility. Pharmaceutical drugs that target opioid receptors have been developed to treat functional gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel diseases. However, the cellular sources from which endogenous opioid peptides are secreted in the gastrointestinal system remain incompletely understood. Previous studies have shown that a group of specialized sensory cells in the intestine epithelium called enteroendocrine cells (EECs) synthesize and secrete the endogenous opioid peptide enkephalin. Whether and how EEC enkephalin signaling regulates enteric neuron activity to control gut motility remains unknown. Our recent study demonstrates that like mammals, a subset of EECs in the small intestine of zebrafish secretes enkephalin. Here, we characterized a new zebrafish genetic model in which the pre-proenkephalin A (penka) gene is mutated and leads to loss of enkephalin secretion in EECs. Loss of EEC enkephalin signaling did not alter larvae zebrafish development and body length. However, penka-/- zebrafish displayed body shape abnormality and inflamed red gills at 10 months old.
To determine whether and how EEC enkephalin signaling affects enteric neuron activity, we developed a novel 3D segmentation and tracking method to track individual enteric neuronal calcium activity in a spatiotemporal manner. Our data reveals that at the basal level, a subset of enteric neurons undergo spontaneous calcium firing. Loss of enkephalin signaling did not change the enteric neuron calcium amplitude but altered the ENS firing patterns. These results suggest that EECs may secrete enkephalin at the basal level to regulate ENS neuronal activity. Selectively targeting EEC enkephalin signaling may open new opportunities to treat functional GI disorders that display abnormal gut motilities.NIH K01-DK125527-01The Ohio State University Food For Health Seed grantNo embargoAcademic Major: Molecular Genetic
