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The Guardrails Are Off: Why Judicial Discretion in Ohio Criminal Sentencing Has Careened Out of Control and How Data Analytics Can Bring It Back on Course
Get PDFWhy Language History Has a Role to Play in Modern Language Teaching
Get PDFI briefly explain four examples of morphological irregularities involving gender and number that are synchronically inexplicable but can be understood as the product of diachronic changes. I then present a converse case in Japanese in which the apparently simplest explanation for certain verb forms fails to account for why most are conditionals while one is provisional. It may be expedient to tell language students that morphological irregularities are just “exceptions that prove the rule,” but why withhold the historical truth when it is helpful
The Ohio State University Commencement Address by Angus Fletcher, Summer 2024
No full textCommencement address given by Angus Fletcher, Professor of Story Science, Ohio State's Project Narrative, to the Summer 2024 graduating class of The Ohio State University, Jerome Schottenstein Center, Columbus, Ohio, August 4, 2024
Baseline Biomarkers of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Clearance and Efficacy in Cancer Cachexia
Get PDFBackground: Cancer cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome that is characterized by the loss of body weight, specifically skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. It leads to a lower quality of life and accounts for an estimated ~20% of cancer-related mortalities. Despite cancer cachexia’s impact on patient survival, it remains underrecognized and underdiagnosed. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies that target the body’s immune checkpoint proteins to stimulate the immune system to fight cancer. ICI therapy has vastly improved the treatment of certain cancers but only a limited number of patients respond. The reasons for this variable response are largely unknown but the rate of ICI clearance has been shown to be a predictor of response to ICI therapy. Also, clearance has been shown to coincide with some markers of cancer cachexia. This study aimed to determine baseline relationships among biomarkers of cachexia, ICI clearance, and ICI efficacy using clinical data from cancer patients. Identifying biomarkers that link cancer cachexia and ICI clearance to outcomes may help to increase our understanding of the relationships between cancer cachexia, elevated ICI clearance, and durable responses to ICIs.
Methods: The study population is part of the ongoing non-interventional clinical trial, OSU20001. Data from 48 patients with either non-small cell lung cancer (n=37) or renal cell carcinoma (n=9), receiving pembrolizumab (n=28) or nivolumab (n=17) were analyzed which included computed tomography images, baseline clinical lab results and cytokine signatures taken at predetermined timepoints.
Results: Baseline biomarkers of interest were analyzed by linear regression against lean mass index (LMI) and ICI baseline clearance (ICI CL). In ICI CL vs. biomarkers, IL-6 (p=0.024), albumin (p=0.038), ferritin (p=0.0084), and absolute monocyte count (p=0.0016) all gained significance. In LMI vs. biomarkers, adiponectin (p=0.022), absolute neutrophil count (p=0.022), and platelet (p=0.038) gained significance. In addition to linear regression, a survival with competing risk analysis was completed based on patient’s either receiving a nivolumab or pembrolizumab treatment. In patients with nivolumab, CC5a (p=0.032), CCL5 (p<0.001), SerpinE1 (p=0.001), CRP (p=0.01), Beta2m (p=0.002), pentraxin2 (p<0.001), Alpha2m (p=0.024), and absolute eosinophil count (p=0.007) were all significant with CCL5, SerpinE1, CRP, Alpha2m, and absolute eosinophil count would be thought to increase risk of death. In patients with pembrolizumab, the biomarkers that obtained a significant p-value were ICAM1 (p=0.019), Ferritin (p=0.049), TIMP1 (p=0.038), AST (p=0.02) and LDH (p=0.045) with ICAM, ferritin, and TIMP1 thought to increase risk of death.
Conclusions: The IL-6 and albumin results agreed with previous literature findings as known markers of cachexia and clearance. There were several interesting results such as the significant relationships between BDNF, adiponectin, and platelet, and ICI CL or cachexia. Ferritin was the one biomarker that was associated with cachexia, ICI CL, and survival, suggesting that baseline ferritin could be a helpful biomarker in determining a patient’s response to ICI therapy. This new information could be helpful in determining the relationship between cancer patients, cachexia, and the variable response to ICI therapy.NIH National Cancer Institute grant R01CA273924No embargoAcademic Major: Biolog
Indigenous Dispossession, Anti-Immigration, and the Public Pedagogy of US Empire
No full textIntroduction: The public pedagogy of US empire -- Proximal public pedagogies : Native American law, immigration law, and media -- "Entitlement" warfare : welfare and remapping national (b)orders -- US culture is always-already rape culture -- Food, farming, fat, and national(ist) dyspepsia : revolting Indigenous and immigrant foodways -- Conclusion: Queer empire and the public pedagogy of decoloniality.Item embargoed for three year
The Moritz Briefing (May 2024)
No full textAn occasional newsletter highlighting recent activities and achievements of the Moritz Faculty
Creating a Corpus: Issues in the Digital Text Processing of Cantonese, Hakkanese, and Taigi
Get PDFThe encoding of texts written with Chinese characters posed a challenge to the early stages of digital technology. In the 21st century, the digital representation of Mandarin-based Standard Written Chinese faces few issues—typically limited to the realm of outdated or overly regional software. However, one major barrier that remains is the representation of varieties of Chinese that do not have a widely accepted or encoded orthography, which are the non-Mandarin varieties. The present text explores some of the challenges faced when creating a multilingual corpus of translations of Le Petit Prince (The Little Prince) by Antoine de St. Exupéry into Cantonese, Hakkanese, and Taigi. The results show that despite progress in Unicode representation, the technological gap between Standard Mandarin and other dialects remains large
Council on Academic Affairs: Activities Report (September 6, 2023 - July 15, 2024)
Get PDFCouncil on Academic Affairs' activities report for 2023-2024