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Effort: Unveiling the Dynamics of Laban's Qualities in Choreography through Comparative Analysis and Creative Exploration
Get PDFHuman Experience (The Ohio State University Denman Undergraduate Research Forum)This research project examines the relationship between choreography and dance notator Rudolf Laban's theories of effort. To explore the significance of Laban's effort qualities in movement and choreography this project addresses the question: How do variations in notated qualities of space, weight, time, and flow impact the intention and emotion of choreography? This project explores these elements through interpreting/comparing dance notation scores of the same choreography, learning choreography, and exploring my choreographic and notation processes.Arts Undergraduate Research ScholarshipDance Preservation FundCareer Accelerator FundAcademic Enrichment GrantDepartment of Dance Student Funding InitiativeNo embargoAcademic Major: Danc
Defining the Catalytic Region of Mms7 in Magnetosome Formation
Get PDFMagnetosomes are lipid-encased magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles synthesized by magnetotactic bacteria (MTB). Because they are small, magnetic, and biologically active, magnetosomes have significant applications in medicine, physics, and bioremediation. MTB are prokaryotes believed to use magnetosomes to align with the Earth’s magnetic field and influence their movement. These motile organisms have the potential to remove heavy metals from wastewater and achieve targeted drug delivery. However, there is currently no method of manufacturing substantial amounts of magnetosomes in a laboratory setting to reap these benefits. MTB are difficult to isolate and grow, and information about the Mms proteins involved in magnetosome formation is too limited to determine a process of artificial synthesis. This project aimed to identify regions within one Mms protein, Mms7, that play a role in magnetosome synthesis by comparing predicted protein structures of wild-type and mutationally-altered Mms7 proteins in silico. Upon analysis, five α-helices were consistently affected by substitutions in Mms7. Previous studies concluded that Mms7 is involved in magnetosome growth and crystal morphology, and the protein’s structure indicates that loops and transmembrane helices may contribute to these roles. With computational structural predictions, it may be possible to define active domains in Mms7 and identify residues critical to Fe3O4 growth or crystal morphology. Knowing how to synthesize well-defined Fe3O4 nanoparticles could advance the use of MTB in improving the health of the planet and its inhabitants.College of Food, Agriculture, and Environmental Sciences Internal GrantNo embargoAcademic Major: Environmental Scienc
Understanding the impact of invasive Bythotrephes longimanus on Yellow Perch angling success in western Lake Erie
Get PDFThird place, Denman Undergraduate Research ForumInvasive species can threaten fishing success and fisheries production by altering food web structure and dynamics. In this vein, Bythotrephes longimanus, a large-bodied, invasive zooplankton species that has recently colonized Lake Erie’s west basin may underlie the recent decline in angler harvest rates of Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) despite its population size remaining stable. Given previous research conducted in Lake Erie’s central and east basins, which has established that Yellow Perch consume Bythotrephes when present in the water column, we hypothesized that increased availability and consumption of Bythotrephes is responsible for decreased angling success by reducing the effectiveness of artificial prey (i.e., fishing lures). Towards this end, I conducted a “natural” experiment, replicating angler behavior using three common gear types (e.g., spreader, crappie, and Sabiki rigs) across a range of Bythotrephes densities. Additionally, we analyzed the diets of angled Yellow Perch to determine how feeding varied with Bythotrephes availability. A significant relationship was found between Bythotrephes density in the water and CPUE for certain gears, indicating that CPUE tends to increase as Bythotrephes density increases (GAM, P < 0.05). However, we also found that an interaction between Bythotrephes density in the water and water temperature significantly influenced Yellow Perch catch-per-unit-effort for select gear types (CPUE; GAM, P < 0.05). Furthermore, CPUE varied among gear types, and CPUE’s associated with Sabiki gear were lower compared to the other gear types (one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD, P < 0.05). As discussed herein, our results should provide fisheries management agencies (e.g., Ohio Division of Wildlife) with an enhanced ability to predict Yellow Perch harvest, set realistic angler expectations, and share insights to anglers on how to improve Yellow Perch catch rates in the western basin with continued Bythotrephes presence.Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Program (F-69-P, Fish Management in Ohio, projects FADR87 & FADB02), administered jointly by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife service and the Ohio Division of WildlifeNo embargoAcademic Major: Evolution and Ecolog
CIL 6.2612 – Epitaph for M. Oreius Secundus, a soldier, 100-180 CE
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Offenders with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Study
Get PDFThe U.S. and other western countries have an exceedingly large recidivism rate and countless resources, time, and faculty have been focused on this issue. A relatively large subpopulation within the criminal justice system (CJS) is that of offenders with developmental disabilities. Very few resources have been put toward research and interventions to prevent recidivism within this subpopulation with specialized needs. This study analyzed a data set of over 100 offenders with ASD in the UK to explore various psychological variables as they relate to antisocial indices. We used a Pearson correlation matrix and descriptive statistics to explore relationships and patterns among these constructs and other variables. We found a significant negative correlation between PCLSV Checklist scores and Autism Quotient scores, signifying that psychopathic traits and ASD are distinct and potentially oppositional, despite being previously regarded as related due to issues with empathy. This validates the hyper-arousal theory more than the hypo-arousal theory, but studies with specific empathetic arousal tests would be ideal to corroborate the hyper-arousal theory for this sample. General cognitive functioning variables were low as compared with general ASD populations, and IQ was linked to antisocial indices. Empathy was on the lower end of the standard range for populations with ASD, and not significantly linked to antisocial indices. Moral maturity was low as compared with non-ASD samples, but it is uncertain how it compares with general ASD samples, as most studies of moral maturity were completed with children or adolescents with ASD. We hope this may guide future research as a jumping-off point for more in-depth studies.No embargoAcademic Major: PsychologyAcademic Major: Criminology and Criminal Justice Studie
Deformative Fictions: Cruelty and Narrative Ethics in Twentieth-Century Latin American Literature
No full textThis book is freely available in an open access edition thanks to TOME (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem)—a collaboration of the Association of American Universities, the Association of University Presses, and the Association of Research Libraries—and the generous support of The Ohio State University Libraries. Learn more at the TOME website, available at: https://openmonographs.org.Introduction: A first encounter with deformative fiction -- Narrative ethics, deformative fictions, and fictional cruelty -- Ocampo : cruelty as defense and the contamination of readers -- Vallejo : cruelty as assault and the entrapment of readers -- Bolaño : cruelty as anti-elegy and the inadequacy of readers -- Strategic hospitality in world literature : bridges from deformative fictions to responsive readings -- Conclusion: Readers, deformative fictions, and ordinary life -- Afterword: Understanding current attacks on difficulty in literature
Defining mechanisms of binding utilized by the infective endocarditis pathogen Streptococcus mitis
Get PDFSecond place in Health Under the Microscope at the Denman Undergraduate Research ForumStreptococcus mitis is an oral commensal and a common cause of subacute infective endocarditis (IE), a bacterial infection exhibiting an upward trend in mortality and hospitalizations. Subacute IE often occurs when viridans group streptococci, commonly found in the oral cavity, enter the bloodstream and bind to damaged heart endothelium. These bacteria specifically bind to platelets, via sialic acid, that accumulate at the site of damage. Platelet binding is a key step in the development of IE and a potential therapeutic target. Until recently all described mechanisms of sialic acid binding were mediated by serine rich repeat proteins (SRRPs) such as Fap1 produced by Streptococcus oralis. However, our group identified a novel sialic acid-binding protein, AsaA, in S. oralis strains that lack Fap1, suggesting additional mechanisms of sialic acid binding may exist. Although S. mitis is a common cause of IE, no mechanisms of adhesion have been defined. To start filling this gap in knowledge, we examined the distribution of orthologs of fap1 and asaA across 20 genome sequenced S. mitis strains. What was initially thought to be an ortholog of asaA, was actually two distinct genes producing putative adhesins, AsaA and AsaB, differing in the frequency of repeat domains and genomic location A fourth putative sialic acid-binding adhesin, Rib, containing a different repeat domain, was identified by predicted structural conservation of sialic acid-binding domains. Further analysis suggests asaA and rib evolved from asaB. While the genes encoding MonX and AsaA are mutually exclusive in both S. oralis and S. mitis, some strains are predicted to produce one of these adhesins and AsaB and/or Rib. These data suggest some S. mitis strains produce novel sialic acid-binding adhesins and multiple adhesins may contribute to platelet binding. To start investigating how S. mitis binds sialic acid, we selected B6, which contains asaB and monX and efficiently binds sialic acid on platelets. We have generated a monX mutant and the construct to inactivate asaB. Once all mutants have been obtained, platelet binding assays with single and double mutants will be performed. The long-term goal of these studies is to gain a comprehensive understanding of all mechanisms of platelet binding. As binding is a key step in IE pathogenesis, our hope is that these studies will allow the development of broadly effective therapeutic strategies.2023 College of Engineering Undergraduate Research ScholarshipNo embargoAcademic Major: Chemical EngineeringAcademic Major: Microbiolog
Multi-Decadal Recovery of Post-Wildfire Gross Primary Productivity in North-Central-Colorado
Get PDFWildfires abruptly reduce vegetation cover and gross primary productivity (GPP), a measure of photosynthesis, with the complete recovery process extending beyond a decade. Post-fire recovery of vegetation in mountainous ecosystems is particularly complex due to topography’s influence on local hydrology and climate. Most existing studies on post-fire vegetation recovery primarily focus on the short-term response while neglecting long-term legacy effects and use vegetation metrics other than GPP. Here, we address these gaps by using long-term records of remotely sensed burn area and GPP from the Landsat Burned Area Product and MODIS GPP in a space-for-time substitution approach to analyze the spatial-temporal patterns of recovery over multi-decadal periods in North-Central Colorado. We further examine how climate, environmental, and fire-related conditions contribute to the observed variation in recovery by running 17 such predictors in a Random Forest machine learning regression model. We find that GPP in burned areas within the study area recovers more slowly under conditions that are hotter, more arid, and that burned under higher severity fires, with maximum temperature anomalies being the most important predictor of post-fire GPP recovery. As post-fire climatic conditions are identified as the most important predictors of GPP recovery, these findings suggest that increasing temperatures under climate change are expected to inhibit post-fire GPP recovery, especially compounded with drought and severe burns, pointing to the value in considering post-fire climate to evaluate the impact of wildfires on terrestrial carbon budgets.No embargoAcademic Major: Earth Science
Electroconvulsive Therapy-Related Anxiety Relief: An Implementation and Evaluation of a Non-Pharmacological Care
No full textBackground: Patients receiving ECT experience procedure anxiety, which causes a delay in or discontinuation of treatment and affects quality of life. Research provides evidence that listening to music before a procedure lowered self-reported procedure anxiety.
Objective: To relieve procedure anxiety, the project leader aimed to implement an EBP change for patients to listen to music before ECT.
Design: Evidence-based practice change utilizing The Iowa Model Revised: Evidence-Based Practice to Promote Excellence in Health Care.
Method: The project leader surveyed patients on treatment visits in a two-phase initiative. In phase one, patients rated their ECT anxiety using a verbal numerical rating scale before the
procedure. In phase two, the patients were offered a music device and headphones while waiting and then asked to rate their ECT anxiety before the procedure.
Results: No visits used a device in phase one (n = 128). In phase two visits (n = 129), 48% used a device. The mean anxiety score for not using a device in phase one was 23% higher (M = 3.98, SD = 3.829) than using a device in phase two (M = 3.05, SD = 2.595). The independent t-test indicated a significant difference (t(167.831) = 1.981, p = 0.049, d = 0.269, 95% CI [-0.036, 0.573]). Within phase two, the mean anxiety score for no device was 28% higher (M = 4.25, SD = 3.386) than for using a device. The independent t-test indicated a significant difference (t(122.835) = 2.279, p = 0.024, d = 0.398, 95% CI [0.048, 0.746]).
Conclusion: Music devices reduced ECT anxiety, and the effect was small. This implementation can expand to similar clinical areas.
Implications for Nursing: Nursing staff may implement an EBP initiative to reduce ECT-related anxiety.A five-year embargo was granted for this item