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Sociodemographic Characteristics of English-Speaking Internet Users and Their Attitudes Toward Psychiatric Self-Diagnosis: Exploring Associations and the Role of Social Media
Get PDFOutstanding Honors Research Award from the College of Social Work at The Ohio State University (2025)Background
Concerns among researchers and clinicians have grown over how online spaces romanticize mental illness, spread misinformation, and pathologize everyday experiences. Although self-diagnosis may offer a sense of validation and community belonging, it is often associated with misdiagnosis, risky self-treatment, increased stigma, and skepticism toward clinical care. This study explored individuals’ sociodemographic characteristics and attitudes toward self-diagnosis to better understand how personal identity, social media, and perceived barriers may be associated with how individuals approach self-diagnosis or professional care.
Methods
This exploratory cross-sectional quantitative study surveyed adult English-speaking internet users worldwide. The survey included items about demographic characteristics, social media use and content exposure, mental health and self-diagnosis history, stigma, and help-seeking behaviors. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 29.0.2.0).
Results
Nearly 41% of participants in the sample (N = 159) reported having self-diagnosed a psychiatric condition. Most participants who self-diagnosed had consulted a professional, despite frequently having low help-seeking scores and beliefs that professional diagnoses are too difficult to obtain. Frequency of exposure to self-diagnosis content online was positively correlated with self-questioning of mental health and perceived pressure to self-diagnose. While some demographic variables (e.g., gender, income) correlated with greater stigmatizing beliefs or self-identification with mental illness, experiential factors showed the strongest associations with beliefs and behaviors related to self-diagnosis and help-seeking.
Conclusion
Findings suggest that psychiatric self-diagnosis may serve more as a response to emotional and structural barriers related to seeking clinical mental health care than a rejection of professional services or a simple reflection of demographic characteristics. Because individuals’ attitudes and behaviors surrounding self-diagnosis appear to be strongly associated with their exposure to self-diagnosis content, mental health history, and perceptions of stigma, reframing the discourse around self-diagnosis to focus on empathy and systemic accountability may be the most constructive path forward toward inclusive and accessible mental health care.No embargoAcademic Major: Social Wor
Unaccusatives with Double Themes
Get PDFAgainst the standard feature approach to theta roles, this squib argues that theta roles are assigned in logical form (LF). The empirical phenomenon under discussion is a special subtype of external possession where the possessum must be body part expressions. Following Zhong (2024), this possessum restriction is considered an epiphenomenon of a thematic assignment to the possessor where the possessor takes on an additional theme role. As such, both the possessor and the possessum serve as theme in the same event, a scenario that is possible only with body part expressions. As I further argue, this assignment of theme role is not mediated through any (applicative) head bearing a thematic feature, but is assigned by a possessive head. Specifically, a possessive head has displaced into the verb; a possessive head is capable of assigning thematic role by thematically identifying with a thematic relation in its sister head. In a sisterhood with a verb, the possessive head identifies with that verb and assigns its possessor argument a 2nd theme role. In this process, the thematic assignment shows strong context sensitivity and is best understood as a post-syntactic operation
The AI Elf on the Shelf: Preserving Private Spaces in the Age of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Live Conversations
No full textTelicization of Resultative Morphemes in Mandarin Chinese
Get PDFEmpirical findings have shown that the counterparts of dynamic verbal predicates across languages exhibit variations regarding their aspectual interpretations, in particular, a culmination reading that is expected for accomplishments predicates (e.g., drink a glass of water) does not always obtain for all languages. For these languages that exhibit non-culmination accomplishments, they usually implement additional grammatical forms to telicize the predicates, ensuring endpoints obtained for the denoted events. (Mandarin) Chinese is one such language. In this talk, I focus on a productively used construction in Chinese known as Resultative Verb Compound (RVC, 动结式), which was discussed in previous studies as a grammatical form comparable to culmination-entailed accomplishments. The inventory of the resultative morphemes is fairly large and thus it is impossible to exhaust them all in this talk. Instead, I will focus on three resultative morphemes that are commonly used to describe, though not limited to, consumption events, namely, -wan (完), -diao (掉), and -guang (光). While presenting some intuitively available semantic readings associated with each of the three morphemes, I will also show how we may analyze the telicization effects they bring out in a formal semantic framework (i.e., the homomorphical approach by Krifka 1989, 1992, 1998), capturing their nuances in forming event structures that give rise to culmination entailment
Cooperative and Collaborative Learning: Research and Practice Handbook
No full textBorn from dynamic discussions within Dr. Tzu-Jung Lin's ESEPSY 7405 Cooperative Learning: Theory and Practice seminar courses (Spring 2020 & 2025) at The Ohio State University, this handbook is a collective exploration of cooperative and collaborative learning as a vital educational approach. When this graduate-level course was offered in the spring of 2020 and 2025, it quickly formed a hub for critical analysis of research and practice of cooperative and collaborative learning. Each course discussion sparkled splendid argumentation, revealing both a renewed enthusiasm for cooperative/collaborative learning in K-12 and higher education. We, as a group of graduate students and faculty from multiple disciplines (educational psychology, counseling psychology, surgery and medical education, early childhood education), are committed to sharing our insights into key issues, common misunderstandings, and promising avenues for theory-driven and evidence-based education practices in this field through a collaborative writing process.
As we worked on this handbook, we were fully aware that the constraints of time and resources prohibit us from providing a comprehensive review of current theories and practices. However, we were dedicated to highlighting some of the most important and interesting issues, concepts, or practices for early career researchers and pre-service/in-service educators. We were also writing with the understanding that this course may not be offered in the short term given an ongoing institutional restructuring and reimaging process at both the department and college levels. Therefore, we wrote this handbook to collect and record useful resources for future graduate students and practitioners who may not have immediate access to this course
Evolving library practice toward the sustainability of supporting open access
Get PDFPublisher allows immediate open acces
Pandemic-Era Refinancing Differences by Mortgage Burden Among Ohio Households
No full textThis study examines refinancing patterns among Ohio mortgage holders during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing specifically on differences between households burdened by mortgage costs and non-burdened households. Using de-identified consumer credit data from a major U.S. credit bureau, we find that mortgage-burdened households were more likely to refinance during the pandemic than their non-burdened counterparts. Interest rate differentials and changes in term lengths led to payment decreases for many, including among cashout refinancers. Credit scores, age, mortgage balance, and mortgage origination year emerged as key factors in accounting for refinancing disparities. These findings contribute to our understanding of how monetary policy transmission affects different households during periods of historically low interest rates.A one-year embargo was granted for this item.Academic Major: Public Policy AnalysisAcademic Major: Economic
Council on Academic Affairs: Minutes (January 22, 2025)
No full textMinutes from the Council on Academic Affairs' meeting on January 22, 2025
Spectrally Resolved Super Resolution Raman Imaging of pH Probes
Get PDFSpectrally resolved super resolution wide field Raman spectroscopy is an emerging tool for studying chemical changes with nanometer spatial resolution. This thesis applies super resolution algorithms to the spectral regions of wide field spectroscopic images to improve frequency assignments and provide a powerful new tool within the field of Raman microscopy. The ability to simultaneously acquire precise spatial and spectral information is demonstrated by monitoring the pH-sensitive frequency shift in 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) surface enhanced Raman spectra. Spectral stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) was achieved through gaussian fitting of intensity values in the first order diffraction signal, or spectrum, recorded from a qCMOS detector, calibration of the horizontal-axis pixel position to Raman shift, quantification of spectral fluctuations throughout the spectrum using histograms, and consequent spectral reconstruction. The precision of this spectral STORM analysis was compared to traditional second derivative and curve-fitting methods of improving frequency assignments and determined to yield the most precise pH determination when analyzing the frequency difference between two vibrational modes in 4-MBA. The difference between the two prominent modes in the 4-MBA SERS spectra was correlated to the pH of different buffer solutions to create Raman titration curves using both spectrally resolved wide field Raman spectroscopy and confocal Raman spectroscopy. Similar frequency differences were obtained with both methods, but more precise characterization of the nanoparticles’ pH was obtained with spectral STORM wide field Raman spectroscopy. This approach was used to investigate the 4-MBA SERS spectra within in-vitro cell samples, where spectral STORM analysis successfully determined the frequency differences in 4-MBA. Future experiments are necessary to better understand aggregation effects of gold nanospheres within cell samples and their effects on the SERS spectra.NIH R01 GM109988NSF CHE-2107791No embargoAcademic Major: ChemistryAcademic Major: Spanis
Influencing Factors Associated with Sleep Disturbance in Breast Cancer Survivors
No full textOutstanding Undergraduate Poster AwardBackground: Sleep disturbances are a common problem for breast cancer survivors (BCS), with over 60% expressing concerns. Influencing factors associated with sleep disturbance are not clearly understood.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between physiological factors (comorbidities and current endocrine therapy), psychological factors (perceived stress, affect, and anxiety) and sleep disturbance in BCS survivors.
Methods: The Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms guided this study. A secondary data analysis of a national study of BCS who completed online questionnaires, including medical characteristics (Charleson Comorbidity Index [CCI] and current endocrine therapy use), Perceived Stress Scale, and Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), PROMIS Anxiety and Sleep Disturbance Short Forms were included. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: 589 BCS who were on average 56 (SD=11.9) years old and 6.1 (SD=5.7) years post-treatment completed the study. The majority were White (92%), Non-Hispanic (96%), and had moderate comorbidity level (CCI=3.4;SD=1.2) and low current endocrine therapy use (Tamoxifen=15% and Aromatase Inhibitor=33%). Sleep disturbances were significantly correlated with perceived stress, affect, and anxiety (p≤0.001); but not comorbidities and current endocrine therapy use.
Conclusions: Sleep disturbances in BCS are a complex group of symptoms and were significantly related to psychological factors in this national sample of long-term BCS. Although future prospective studies are needed, these findings emphasize the inter-relationships between perceived stress, affect, and anxiety with sleep disturbances and the need for nurses to address the psychological needs of long-term BCS.A five-year embargo was granted for this item.Academic Major: Nursin