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The Master's Market: Analyzing the Role of Marketization in Public Education Reform
No full textSince the Bush administration passed the "No Child Left Behind Act" two decades ago, policy interventions aimed at improving America's education system have embraced a market-based approach, based in the belief that expanding options for choice can improve the quality of public schools and the educational outcomes of marginalized students attending them. But, the efficacy of public-school alternatives that market policies have expanded, particularly charter schools, is widely contested. Further, scholars have criticized how marketization targets and at times exploits the marginalized students in the urban enclaves these policies are most frequently enacted in. Scholars have long recognized the contradiction of market-based reform, but the roots of the marginalization that school choice perpetuates remains widely debated and the introduction of the market only complicated their analyses.
In her famous essay critiquing the academy’s habitual failure to meaningfully engage non-normative theory, research, and ways of knowing, black lesbian scholar and writer Audre Lorde states that “the master’s tools will never dismantle the master’s house. They may allow us temporarily to beat him at his own game, but they will never bring about genuine change” (Lorde, 1979, p. 151). In this thesis I borrow from Audre Lorde’s analytic of “The Master’s Tools” to explore how market-based education policies fail to meaningfully address educational inequity. as Lorde articulates in her 1979 speech on a different matter, market policies have at best allowed educators to “temporarily beat him at his own game” (Lorde, 1979, p 151). That is, produce uneven outcomes that suggest a version of equity but are far from “bringing about genuine change” (Lorde, 1979, p 151). This paradigm, termed “The Master’s Market,” offers an approach to Critical Policy Analysis frameworks that recognizes the market as a co-conspirator in the maintenance of systemic injustices often attributed primarily to systems of governance.No embargoAcademic Major: African American and African StudiesAcademic Major: Public Management, Leadership and Polic
Interview of Alvin Whyte by McKenna Dunn and Joseph Yuzwa
No full textRemote interview.Alvin Whyte discusses his time at Ohio State and as a member of the Black Student Union (BSU). This interview was one of 15 conducted by students in English 4567 (Rhetoric and Community Service) to capture as many stories as possible from former Ohio State students associated with the 1968 sit-in at the Administration Building (now Bricker Hall) that led to the arrests of 34 Black students, now known as the “OSU 34.” In addition to recalling the sit-in, Whyte discusses how Black students connected with each other on campus, and how those connections continued from OSU to the present.
To view video recordings of 2018 interviews of four students talking about the events of 1968, please go to http://go.osu.edu/CarmenCollection1968
Student Direct and Spillover Responses to a University Composting Program
Get PDFUniversities are implementing composting programs to cut scope 3 greenhouse gas emissions, waste management costs, and overall campus food waste. Literature suggests that university composting programs impact an individual’s environmental attitudes, environmental locus of control, and overall sustainable behaviors. Behavioral spillover is an emerging topic in social science to describe the idea that if an individual is involved in a target behavior, then another behavior is affected by the intervention for the target behavior. In the case of this study, composting is the target behavior, and the measured spillover behaviors are related to different sustainability indicators. Behavioral spillover can be positive or negative, so this study seeks to identify how a composting program may positively or negatively encourage different pro-environmental behaviors or shifts in environmental attitudes. Two surveys measuring compost knowledge, environmental behaviors, and environmental attitudes were administered to Ohio State University’s on-campus residents. Students automatically enrolled in an in-room composting program were contrasted to other students. Surveys were administered in the middle and at the end of the program to measure shifts in behaviors and attitudes over time. We hypothesized that automatically enrolled students would have a more positive change in their sustainable behaviors and be more aware of their environmental footprint. This study found that automatic enrollment made a statistically significant difference in student composting participation in the middle of the school year, but not at the end of the school year. Additionally, the study concludes that the quality of composting education is statistically significantly associated with student composting engagement. Lastly, this study found no evidence to support that automatic enrollment in composting programs leads to positive spillovers to other pro-environmental behaviors by the participating students.No embargoAcademic Major: Environmental Scienc
Recession Rates of Zirconium Carbide and Zirconium Diboride During Ultra-High Temperature Oxidation
No full textThis research project aims to compare the oxidation kinetics and microstructure development of zirconium carbide (ZrC) and zirconium diboride (ZrB2) at temperatures between 1600 and 2400°C. ZrC and ZrB2 are ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs), which are a class of ceramic material with melting points above 3000°C. A mix of covalent and metallic bonding makes them thermally and chemically resilient with high thermal and electrical conductivities. Studies have shown that ZrB2 is favored over ZrC at temperatures below 1200°C, but not above because the protective liquid layer of boria (B2O3) evaporates, leaving the material exposed, causing it to oxidize very quickly. These materials are of interest for use in leading-edge surfaces of hypersonic aircraft, but due to difficulty of testing, a direct comparison of the oxidation behavior of ZrC and ZrB2 has not been done at predicted service temperatures in publicly available research. This research hypothesizes that ZrB2 will oxidize faster than ZrC above the temperature that boria boils. This experiment compares the oxidation rates at a realistic range of operating temperatures by measuring the rate of recession of the unoxidized base material. The boiling point of boria was calculated with FactSage thermodynamic software to be around 1780°C. This project uses the microplasma resistive heating system at the University of Virginia (UVA) to oxidize ZrC and ZrB2 at 1800-2200°C for 1-7 minutes in an ambient pressure Ar atmosphere with 1% O2. The microstructure and recession rate were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and image processing. Analysis indicates that at 1800-1900°C, ZrB2 oxidizes slower. The recession rate for 2000-2200°C was not able to be calculated because all samples either fully oxidize or vaporize in under 1 minute.Rapp Visiting Scholar FundUndergraduate Research ScholarshipNo embargoAcademic Major: Materials Science and Engineerin
Evaluating Clinical Experiences Implementing the Montreal Model for Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy Adapted for Esketamine
No full textBackground: Burnout among mental health providers is linked to decreased job satisfaction, higher rates of depression and anxiety, lower quality of care, and increased turnover. The Montreal Model for Ketamine-Assisted Psychotherapy, adapted for Esketamine (MMKAPE), was introduced to improve clinician satisfaction by promoting meaningful work, patient-centered care, and interdisciplinary collaboration. This study assesses the impact of MMKAPE on clinician satisfaction and identifies key barriers and facilitators during implementation.
Method: A convenience sample of six clinicians (two nurse practitioners, three therapists, and one registered nurse) participated in MMKAPE’s implementation for patients with treatment-resistant depression in an outpatient setting. Monthly surveys measured satisfaction across three domains. Descriptive statistics were used to track trends from baseline to final assessments. Interprofessional meetings and open-ended responses were analyzed to extract themes, with ChatGPT aiding in theme validation and bias reduction.
Results: Clinician satisfaction improved in all measured areas. Meaningfulness in work increased from M = 4.3 to M = 4.5, with all clinicians reporting higher engagement. Patient-centered care rose from M = 4.05 to M = 4.17, and interdisciplinary collaboration improved from M = 3.35 to M = 4.17. Nurse practitioners showed the largest gains across all domains, while therapists experienced a slight decrease in work meaning. Key barriers included therapist reimbursement issues and workload strain, while structured team meetings and shared treatment goals emerged as facilitators.
Discussion: MMKAPE improved clinician satisfaction and collaboration but was challenged by systemic constraints. Further research should address sustainable funding, long-term outcomes, and broader scalability.A five-year embargo was granted for this item
ODNR Public-Facing Community-Level Deer Management Toolkit & City of Columbus Survey
No full textCourse Code: ENR 4900.01This capstone project for ENR 4900.01 consisted of two parts: 1) creating 4 infographic deliverables for the Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) Division of Wildlife (DOW) that will be used in the public-facing side of their Community Level Deer Toolkit, and 2) creating a Qualtrics survey for the City of Columbus to use to gain insight on the public's perception of deer within city limits.Academic Major: Natural Resource ManagementAcademic Major: Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlif
Curcumin Loading in SilMA-GelMA-LAP Hydrogel Scaffolds for Corneal Wound Healing
Get PDFCorneal blindness is one of the most common forms of reversible blindness and can be treated with corneal transplants of human donor corneas. However, donor corneas are scarce, so patients based in developing countries struggle to receive treatment than those in need to restore their vision. There is ongoing research into hydrogel scaffolds for use in place of donor corneas, but little work has been done on the effects of drug implementation into hydrogels for enhanced wound healing while maintaining optical and mechanical properties. The objective of this study was to design a curcumin-loaded scaffold prepared from silk methacrylate and gelatin methacrylate, and crosslinked with Lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LAP) as replacement of donor corneas in transplantation procedures.
UV-crosslinked scaffolds were prepared, then transparency was analyzed using absorbance testing, and refractive indexes were collected for each scaffold type. Mechanical properties were evaluated using a rheological amplitude sweep to verify the presence of a linear viscoelastic region. To ensure curcumin release from the scaffolds, crosslinked hydrogels were subjected to a 7 day release study which was analyzed via absorbance. Finally, cell viability with and without curcumin-loaded and non-loaded scaffolds was analyzed with an MTS assay on human corneal epithelial cells.
Results demonstrated that when loaded with 0.1 µM curcumin, scaffolds still displayed a minimum of 70% transparency across the visible light spectrum, but that both drug-loaded and unloaded scaffolds had significantly lower refractive index than the native cornea ( = 0.05). Amplitude sweeps displayed viscoelastic behavior, but showed that the curcumin loaded scaffolds may have lower storage and loss moduli than the unloaded scaffolds, which necessitates further investigation. Additionally, release studies displayed some curcumin release, but GelMA degradation into the PBS samples was observed over time, meaning the quantification obtained measured the release of curcumin and the breakdown of GelMA into PBS, necessitating further modification into the hydrogel composition. Finally, the MTS assay revealed that the tested concentration of curcumin in the scaffolds had a negative effect on cell viability, with a statistically significant reduction in cell viability when compared to the cells treated with standard keratinocyte media and unloaded scaffold-soaked media. In all, the results demonstrated that the tested scaffolds in their current formulation are not suitable for substitution of donor corneas for wound healing and necessitates the investigation of a scaffold prepared from a different material and likely with a lower concentration of curcumin.No embargoAcademic Major: Biomedical Engineerin
The Moritz Briefing (January 2025)
No full textAn occasional newsletter highlighting recent activities and achievements of the Moritz Faculty
Development of OCT3 Inhibitor for Prevention of Doxorubicin Cardiotoxicity
Get PDFAs an undergraduate researcher at the Ohio State College of Pharmacy, I contributed to the Experimental Cancer Pharmacology Lab under Dr. Alex Sparreboom’s leadership. The primary focus of my undergraduate work was the evaluation of strategies to mitigate the cardiotoxic effects of Doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used anthracycline chemotherapy drug. DOX is used to treat various cancers, including soft tissue and bone sarcomas, breast cancer, acute leukemias, and Hodgkin lymphoma. While effective, DOX administration results in severe cardiotoxicity, with risks escalating significantly with cumulative exposure beyond ~450 mg/m² of body surface area. Symptoms range from mild cardiac dysfunction to life-threatening congestive heart failure, which is an enormous problem in clinical practice. Mechanisms of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity include mitochondrial damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, DNA breaks, and topoisomerase IIβ inhibition—all reliant on intracellular DOX accumulation in cardiomyocytes. Previous research in our lab identified Organic Cation Transporter 3 (OCT3) as a critical mediator of DOX-induced heart injury. The full disruption of OCT3 function in mice led to complete protection from cardiotoxicity. So, this research aimed to develop an OCT3 inhibition strategy to address the debilitating cardiotoxicity associated with DOX. Our goals were to 1) identify OCT3 inhibitors to use with DOX, preventing cardiac accumulation and thus cardiotoxicity, and 2) to investigate the link between unidentified OCT3 substrates and their contribution to cardiotoxicity.No embargoAcademic Major: Pharmaceutical Science
Creating rain gardens to manage stormwater also supports urban bumble bee health
No full textLegacy cities experience long-term population decline, resulting in the creation of vacant land. When managed properly, vacant land has the potential to provide ecosystem services that support the health of humans and wildlife within cities. The city of Cleveland, Ohio converts vacant land into urban rain gardens that aid stormwater management and support environmental health. Rain gardens are designed to capture and filter urban stormwater, reducing stress on grey sewer infrastructure while also providing floral resources for pollinators. As such, the implementation of rain gardens across Cleveland by the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District (NEORSD) represents a low-cost initiative to manage sewer stress and support pollinator health. Our objective was to compare the ability of rain garden and vacant lot landscapes to provide attractive bee habitats and support bee health. To address this objective, we examined variation in vegetation composition and bumble bee colony health metrics between rain garden and vacant lot sites in Cleveland, Ohio. We deployed 14 commercial Bombus impatiens colonies across field sites for two months, measuring overall change in weight and average worker body size (intertegular distance) for each colony. Additionally, we conducted vegetation sampling to characterize bloom richness and bloom abundance within our sites over the duration of the study period. We found that rain garden sites supported greater bloom richness and abundance than vacant lots. As a result, rain garden colonies experienced greater weight gain than vacant lot colonies, indicating overall greater health. However, we found no significant difference in worker body size between landscape types. Our study ultimately evidences the idea that constructing rain gardens on previously vacant land has short-term benefits for bee health, but long-term impacts of rain garden pollutant accumulation on bee health are yet to be investigated.Ohio State University College of Food, Agriculture, and Environmental Science Internal Grants ProgramNo embargoAcademic Major: Evolution and Ecolog