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    SER no.151; Cover, contents, and others

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    SER no.152; Cover, contents, and others

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    Introduction

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    一括ダウンロード

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    Residence Patterns of Hunter-gatherers after Settlement Inferred from Individual Migration Histories: The Case of the Baka in Southeastern Cameroon

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    本稿の目的はカメルーン東南部の狩猟採集民バカの移動・移住歴を通して, 定住化後におけるバカの居住形態の様式を把握したうえ,彼らにとっての移動 と移住の意味を明らかにする。本稿は 2010 年から 2019 年にかけて断続的にお こなった現地調査を通して,カメルーン東部州の 5 つの村で収集した事例を詳 細に記述して分析する。定住化後のバカの居住形態は,近い親族とともに少人 数で同じ集落に住むのが基本である。それと同時に,婚姻状態の変化にともな う比較的に長期的な移住が多く見られた。一方,比較的に短期的な移動と移住 には夫婦喧嘩や親族訪問などの理由が挙げられる。このような居住と移動には 集団内での親族システムと婚姻制度といった社会的規範が強く機能しているこ とが明らかになった。また,定住化後には接触する外部集団が多様化し,労働 のための移動や他集団との通婚が増えることによって,比較的に短期だが遠方 への移住が増える傾向が見られた。これまでの先行研究で重要視されなかった 他集団との相互作用による移動の多様化は,特に定住化した狩猟採集民社会で 顕著になることが明らかとなった。さらに,それによってバカ及び近隣の各集 団においてそれぞれ内部の制度と規範にも変化が生じることが認められた。This study was conducted to elucidate patterns of residence of Baka hunter-gatherers in southeast Cameroon through their movement and migration histories, and to clarify the importance of migration for them. This paper presents descriptions and analyses of cases collected in five villages in eastern Cameroon through intermittent fieldwork during 2010–2019. The Baka residential patterns after their settlement fundamentally include residence in a camp or village with close relatives and a few others. High incidence of longterm migration occurs because of changes in marital status. However, reasons for short-term movement and migration include marital quarrels and visits to relatives. Social norms such as kinship and marriage systems were found to function strongly through such residence and movement in Baka society. After their settlement in recent times, the numbers of people contacting with outsiders became more diverse. Particularly, people who moved to work and marry with other groups increased. Migration pattern diversification occurring through interactions with other populations, although not emphasized in earlier studies, is especially evident in settled hunter-gatherer associations such as the Baka. Moreover, results revealed that it caused changes in the internal systems and norms in each of the Baka and neighboring groups.departmental bulletin pape

    Expedition Photographs of Mongolia (1880–1930)

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    本稿は,19 世紀末から 20 世紀初頭にかけてモンゴルを訪問したさまざまな 調査隊が撮影した写真について,研究上の重要な資料として利用されるように 概要を紹介するものである。一次資料となる写真は各国のアーカイブなどで保 管されているため,国別に扱う。具体的には,ロシア地理学協会などの地理学 協会や,北欧諸国の博物館など,調査隊の派遣元や資料の所在地ごとに写真コ レクションを紹介する。こうした総合的な紹介は,とりわけコレクションの横 断的な比較分析研究に寄与するであろう。This paper presents an overview of photographs taken by various foreign expeditions to Mongolia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, to present these photographs as one resource for research. The original photographic materials are kept archived in the respective countries conducting the expeditions. Therefore, this report describes each institute that dispatched expeditions, as well as the present locations of photographs, such as the Russian Geographical Society or museums in Nordic countries. This comprehensive introductory paper will contribute especially to cross-collection, comparative analysis studies.departmental bulletin pape

    Linguistic and Gestural Evolution : The Case of Analogue Verbal Traits in Sign Languages

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