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The transformation of the figure of a maid in three adaptations of The Diary of a Chambermaid by Octave Mirbeau
Get PDFThis article discusses three adaptations of the novel Le Journal d’une femme de chambre (The Diary of a Chambermaid) by Octave Mirbeau, published in 1900, by Jean Renoir in 1946, by Luis Buñuel in 1964 and by Benoît Jacquot in 2015. It examines the effect of the time and, to some degree, the places where these films were made, on the representation of the characters and stories adapted by the respective directors. It is particularly interested in the transformation of the main character, Célestine, her labour and her sexuality, and the gender dynamics in the respective films, as reflection of the dominant discourses about gender roles pertaining to the times these films were made. It devotes most attention to the most recent film, due to the heaviest intertextual baggage which it carries and also given this adaptation has the most relevance to contemporary issues about women’s work and social position
Eating disorders and elite women's football
No full textEating disorders are characterised by severe and persistent disturbances in eating behaviours and associated distressing thoughts and emotions. Eating disorders can pose harmful consequences, not only for sports performance but also for long-term health. Historically, researchers have suggested that elite women athletes in lean and aesthetic sports are at a higher risk of eating-disorder development given overt associations between food, the body and athletic performance. However, there is an emerging body of research in which it has been now suggested that athletes in power, team and contact sports, such as women footballers, can and do experience eating disorders given its sport-specific pressures, namely (a) the rapid professionalisation of the game resulting in increased body scrutiny, (b) conflicting body-image ideals women hold and (c) injury, which can lead athletes to eat disorderedly to compensate for lack of energy expenditure. In this chapter, we offer practical implications and suggestions for policy, to better support elite women footballers who experience eating disorders. It is proposed that there is a need to move away from a sole focus on performance measures, to improve processes for player disclosure and safe reporting and ensure that player voice is the centre of policy development to better protect athletes
BMScope: A scoping review to chart the evolving clinical study landscape in brain and leptomeningeal metastasis
Get PDFBackground
Recent studies have challenged the notion that patients with brain metastasis (BM) or leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) should be excluded from systemic therapy clinical trials. This scoping study summarises the BM/LM clinical studies published between 2010 and 2023.
Methods
MEDLINE, CINAHL, CAB Abstracts, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, HINARI, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE electronic databases were searched on 21 June 2021. An updated search was performed on 21 February 2023. Eligible studies should involve investigation of a therapeutic intervention in solid tumour patients with BM and/or LM and a reported patient outcome. Extracted study-level data, included study type, publication date, geographical location, number of BM/LM patients in study, primary tumour type and type of therapeutic intervention.
Results
4921 unique studies were eligible for analysis. The key finding is that BM/LM clinical research is expanding globally, both observational studies and clinical trials. Despite the shift over time towards a higher proportion of systemic therapy trials, the majority still do not include patients with symptomatic disease and lack reporting of BM/LM specific endpoints. Globally, there has been a trend to more international collaboration in BM/LM clinical studies.
Conclusions
This analysis of the BM/LM literature charts the evolving landscape of studies involving this previously excluded population. Given the increasing clinical research activity, particularly involving late-stage systemic therapy trials, it is imperative that due consideration is given to the intracranial activity of new investigational agents. Wider adoption of standardised reporting of intracranial-specific endpoints will facilitate evaluation of relative intracranial efficacy
University students’ perceptions and understanding of physical literacy: an exploratory study in Cyprus
No full textIntroduction
Physical literacy, defined as an individual’s relationship with physical activity, has significantly permeated policy and practice discussions across diverse global contexts (Bailey, 2022; IPLA, 2017; Spengler & Cohen, 2015). Despite its significance, a gap exists in understanding how university students perceive the potential application of physical
literacy in educational settings. In line with the increasing global emphasis on physical literacy, our study aimed to examine the perceptions and understanding of pre-service Physical Education teachers regarding this concept.
Method
A qualitative approach was employed, involving five focus groups with 21 university students enrolled in Sports and Exercise Science programs. Prior to participation, all students provided informed consent, ensuring they were fully aware of the study’s purpose and procedures. The focus groups were guided by a semi-structured interview protocol,
including questions that covered various aspects of physical literacy, including its definition, perceived importance, and practical application in educational settings. Each session was facilitated by experienced researchers who followed the semi-structured interview guide to ensure consistency across all groups. The discussions were audio-recorded with
the consent of the participants; the audio recordings were transcribed verbatim. A thematic analysis approach was employed to analyse the data, identifying key themes and patterns related to the students’ perceptions and suggestions regarding physical literacy.
Results and Discussion
The analysis revealed that students perceive physical literacy as a multifaceted concept involving skill-building, knowledge acquisition, practical implementation, and lifelong engagement with physical activity. Participants emphasised the cognitive and physical dimensions of physical literacy, highlighting its importance in educational and cultural contexts. The analysis identified key themes: the cognitive aspect of physical literacy (7 interviewees), its role in education (5 interviewees), lifelong physical activity (4 interviewees), practical implementation (4 interviewees), skill building (2 interviewees), and cultural influence (1 interviewee). These findings suggest a broad and varied
understanding of physical literacy, reflecting its diverse applicability and the significant role of educational and cultural environments in shaping this understanding. The implications for practice include the need for a holistic approach to physical literacy in educational settings, integrating cognitive, behavioural, and practical aspects to cultivate lifelong engagement in physical activity. However, challenges in integrating physical literacy into curricula and the need for clearer policy guidance were also identified.
Conclusion
The findings suggest a satisfactory understanding of physical literacy among university students, with notable gaps in practical application. Addressing these gaps through targeted educational strategies and professional development can enhance the effective incorporation of physical literacy principles in educational settings. Future research should focus on developing targeted educational strategies and professional development to enhance the effective incorporation of physical literacy principles
Short-term memory effects of eco-labeling: Evidence from the perceived environmental friendliness of sequential consumer behavior
Get PDFCan memory of eco-labeling bias how consumption is perceived and influence subsequent consumer decisions? We report three experiments showing that the perceived environmental friendliness of simulated shopping sequences is disproportionately influenced by what happens at the end of the sequence. For example, sequences that ended with a high carbon footprint item were perceived as less environmentally friendly than other sequences with the same content but with items in different order—a recency effect (Experiments 1-3). Judgments depended more on how often environmentally significant items were purchased than on the quantity of those items (Experiment 2). Furthermore, after completing a shopping sequence that was perceived as relatively harmful to the environment, participants were more prone to select a comparably expensive eco-labeled item over a cheaper but less environmentally friendly item in subsequent purchase decisions—a spillover effect (Experiment 3). The results stress the role of memory in environmentally significant consumer behavior
The effect of an 8-week fitness regime on low back pain and core strength in high-risk professionals
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Low back pain is prevalent among various populations and greatly impacts their quality of life. Professions that incorporate several working hours combined with heavy labor are the most affected. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of an 8-week core training intervention in emergency personnel.
METHODS: Sixteen randomly selected male participants; police officers (N.=8) and firefighters (N.=8) (mean age: 40.75 years; mean height: 177.69 cm; mean body mass: 85.50 kg) performed various testing procedures that assessed core muscle strength and endurance and filled the Oswestry Disability Index Questionnaire regarding the level of low back pain before and after the intervention. The 8-week intervention consisted of two 45-60-minute sessions per week that included ten core-related exercises.
RESULTS: Statistical analysis; paired samples t-test and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test, demonstrated significant effects in the 30-sec sit-up test, the Double Leg Lowering Test and the isometric abdominal strength measurements; p value level of significance was set at P≤0.05. All participants had minimal lower back disability before and after the intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated that the prescribed regime could improve core strength and endurance in high-risk professionals. The most important finding is that training interventions for emergency personnel are most effective when they incorporate a variety of exercises that target the core musculature in all planes of movement and engage the whole range of motion
Delivering a country that works for all children and young people: An evidence-based plan for addressing the autism assessment and support crisis
Get PDFThe first national subject benchmark statement for UK higher education in policing: the importance of effective partnership and collaboration
Get PDFPurpose (limit 100 words) The Quality Assurance Agency (QAA) for Higher Education in the UK focuses on maintaining, enhancing and standardising the quality of higher education. Of significant impact are the development of subject benchmark statements (SBS) by the QAA, which describe the type and content of study along with the academic standards expected of graduates in specific disciplines. Prior to 2022, the QAA did not have a SBS to which higher education policing programmes could be directly aligned. Design/methodology/approach (limit 100 words) Over 12-months, a SBS advisory group with representatives from higher education across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, The College of Policing, QAA, Police Federation of England and Wales, and policing, worked in partnership to harness their collective professional experience and knowledge to create the first UK SBS for policing. Post publication of the SBS, permission was sought and granted from both the College of Policing and QAA for members of the advisory group to reflect in an article on their experiences of collaborating and working in partnership to achieve the SBS. Findings (limit 100 words) There is great importance of creating a shared vision and mutual trust, developed through open facilitated discussions, with representatives championing their cause and developing a collaborative and partnership approach to completing the SBS. Practical implications (limit 100 words) A collaborative and partnership approach is essential in developing and recognising the academic discipline of policing. This necessarily requires the joint development of initiatives, one of which is the coming together of higher education institutions, PSRBs and practitioner groups to collaborate and design QAA benchmark statements. Originality/value (limit 100 words) The SBS for policing is the first across the UK. The authors experiences can be used to assist others in their developments of similar subject specific benchmarking or academic quality standards. Social implications (limit 100 words) The SBS advisory group has further driven forward the emergence of policing as a recognised academic discipline to benefit multiple stakeholders
Intersecting Identities and Adjustment to the Primary-Secondary School Transition: An Integrative Review
Get PDFThe primary-to-secondary school transition is a milestone for children because of the multiple changes they must navigate. Although most adjust successfully, approximately 30% of children have difficulties during this transition. Intersecting identities are also likely to influence how children navigate the adjustment of the school transfer, but there have been no syntheses of existing evidence relating to the impacts of intersectionality. We conducted an integrative review using eight databases (Education database, ERIC, ProQuest Education, PsychInfo, Scopus, SocIndex, Sociology Database, and Web of Science) and searched for quantitative or qualitative studies that examined how intersecting identities impact children’s self-concept, mental health, and adjustment of the primary-to-secondary school transition. We initially identified a total of 3,193 studies through database searches, with 1,790 remaining after deduplication. After we screened the titles and abstracts, 83 studies were included for full-text screening, of which eight met the review criteria. The studies included in the review were published between 2000 and 2018; no studies were found after 2018. Syntheses of the included studies (three quantitative studies, four qualitative studies, and one mixed methods study) revealed three themes: (1) academic and social discord; (2) defining and constructing negative identities; and (3) the female body. Our findings from the review highlighted how children with minority intersecting identities are faced with additional challenges during the transition to secondary school and how these can have negative ramifications for their self-concept, mental health, and adjustment to the transition. Future research needs to be directed away from prioritizing identities, such as gender and ethnicity, to include intersectional identities