26199 research outputs found
Sort by
The development, diagnosis, prognosis and management strategies for teeth diagnosed with endodontic-periodontal lesions
Get PDF
Functional seizure therapy via transauricular vagus nerve stimulation
Get PDFThis article explores the potential of transauricular Vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) in treating Functional Seizures (FS), a condition that significantly burdens healthcare systems. Traditional seizure treatments are ineffective for FS due to its unique pathophysiology, highlighting the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. While invasive VNS has shown promise in improving autonomic balance, its invasive nature poses limitations in FS treatment. taVNS, a non-invasive alternative, enhances parasympathetic tone and reduces sympathetic activity. Additionally, it is hypothesized to modulate interoceptive processing by influencing Heart Rate Evoked Potential and normalizing interoceptive signals. This hypothesis article examines taVNS from a closed-loop perspective, focusing on the controllability and observability of its effects using wearable physiological sensors. It postulates regulating desired therapeutic states through physiological sensor feedback, suggesting the potential for customized, adaptive stimulation in FS treatment. However, rigorous testing of its controller and observer functions will be necessary for optimal clinical translation of adaptive taVNS
How Adequate have War Crimes Trials been in Providing a Legitimate Response to Mass Atrocities, Concentrating on Charges of Genocide, Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes?
Get PDFThis thesis analyses the issues surrounding legitimacy of War Crimes Trials, in relation to the substantive laws applied at the Trials, such as, Genocide, Crimes against Humanity and War Crimes. In addition, this thesis will provide an analysis of the trial processes in the aftermath of the Second World War.
The historical period for this analysis includes the attempted international war crimes trials and Allied Powers debates in the wake of the First World War. Attempts were made to secure punishment of the Axis Powers for waging an aggressive war and war crimes. In addition to this, potential war crimes trials were discussed in relation to the Turkish Government for the Armenian Massacres carried out prior to and during the First World War. Following the timeline, this thesis also seeks to address the International War Crimes Trials held in the aftermath of the Second World War in Nuremberg and Tokyo, developing the body of international criminal law, and addressing the legal issues that were raised during these trials. This enables the analysis to determine whether the War Crimes Trials were legitimate to their aims.
The methodological framework to be deployed throughout this thesis involves taking both a realist and a liberal cosmopolitan approach. Both theories are often opposing, however, can aid further understanding of the creation and development of the substantive laws and the war crimes trials process. By deploying both theories for this analysis, some of the pitfalls of taking an either / or approach can be avoided.
This thesis opens with an introduction that sets out its main aims and objectives. This chapter is followed by the methodology chapter, this sets out the methodology to be applied throughout the thesis.
The thesis then moves onto to its supporting legal developments chapter, in which the relevant legal instruments in existence at the outbreak of the First World War are set out. Further to this, the Leipzig and Constantinople chapters analyses the attempted War Crimes Trials in the aftermath of the First World War, deploying the realist and liberal cosmopolitan framework.
The succeeding chapter goes on to set out the developments in the law relating to War Crimes Trials after the First World War; this allows for the effective analysis of the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal and the International Military Tribunal chapters.
This thesis concludes with a critical reflection drawn from the analysis of the applied methodology, highlighting the recent developments in the substantive laws surrounding War Crimes Trials
Pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period: opportunities to improve lifetime outcomes for women with non‐communicable diseases
Get PDFNon-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as cardiovascular disease, malignant neoplasms, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes, are the primary cause of death and disability among women, with women remaining susceptible throughout their life spans. Estimates indicate that women in most countries (88%) have a higher probability of dying before the age of 70 from an NCD than from communicable, perinatal and nutritional conditions combined. Most premature deaths due to NCDs (86%) occur in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), but health inequalities persist in high income countries (HICs) and NCDs affect some population groups more than others. In addition, the effects of the pandemic of NCDs on global health are intertwined with effects of climate change
Risk and desistance factors for female acquisitive offending: a systematic review
Get PDFPurpose
This systematic review sought to examine the research body on acquisitive offending among female offenders, specifically exploring what factors may take females closer towards engaging in acquisitive offending and what factors may support desistance from this behaviour.
Design/methodology/approach
A systematic review was conducted, using the recommended guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. A total of 8,129 initial articles were identified from the search terms, 77 articles were deemed suitable to meet the inclusion criteria and are explored in the results section. Papers were screened for quality appraisal and risk of bias.
Findings
Ten factors were identified that took females closer towards offending. Five factors were identified that took females away from offending. Based on the findings, four typologies of female acquisitive offenders were identified: short-term orientation (adolescent); mental health orientation; life-course persistent (theft); and acquisitive diversity (including robbery and burglary).
Research limitations/implications
Future research would benefit from exploring a more rich understanding of the mechanisms that underpin why females engage in acquisitive offending and what factors contribute towards their desistance. A wider range of bio-psycho-social factors, which may increase the risk of acquisitive offending, should also be considered in future research alongside ways in which interventions may be gender-responsive.
Originality/value
This review provides insight into the differing functions and typologies of female acquisitive offending. Interventions for each of these typologies are considered within the review
Challenges and Opportunities in Pesticide Regulations
No full textA large amount of the annual food production can be lost due to infestation with pests, with the addition of high temperatures and humidity conditions that would contribute to the multiplication of pests. Hence, applying pesticides to crops is essential to help fight various types of borne diseases and increase crop productivity. However, with the growth of agriculture over the years, there has been uncontrolled use of pesticides, which has led to adverse environmental and health consequences. Increased use of pesticides causes the chemicals to accumulate in the environment and food products to reach high toxic levels, polluting the soil, air, ground, and surface water. Humans can also come into direct contact with pesticides through skin contact, inhalation, or ingestion while handling the chemicals or by being close to the area where pesticides are used. Livestock and animals in the area are also at risk of toxicity through the ingestion of contaminated food and drinking water [1]
Multi-task SwinV2 transformer for polyp classification and segmentation
Get PDFMotivated by the aim of improving polyp classification performance on the CVC-HDClassif dataset, joint classification-segmentation multi-task learning using a SwinV2 Transformer UNet based architecture has been explored
Navigating Contemporary Sex Work: Gender, Justice, and Policy in the Twenty-First Century
No full textThis book draws together interdisciplinary perspectives to examine the legal, moral, and socio-spatial regulation of sex work in the contemporary context. With a thematic focus on the gendered landscape of sex work, formal and informal methods of socio-spatial control, and (in)access to justice, this book explores the role of space in the regulation of sex work in diverse contexts, from the local to the global. The chapters collectively bring together complex, inter-related issues that impact the lives of sex workers throughout the world, providing evidence of the impacts of regulation on sex workers and subsequent barriers to accessing justice and rights. This collection centres the regulated lives of sex workers, using an intersectional lens that highlights the gendered and racialised impacts of stigma. Incorporating knowledge derived from both academic research and lived experience, this book provides a unique contribution that will be of interest to academics and policy-makers globally