42820 research outputs found
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Development of Regio-Divergent Synthetic Processes Based on the Control of Ring-Opening Direction with Cyclopropane Derivatives
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Intuitive Motion Guidance for Upper Body Using McKibben-Based Surface Tactile Sensations in Immersive Environments
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Bridging Global Engagement and Local Identity Through Project-Based Learning: Glocal Perspectives in University EFL Education
Get PDFIn the context of continued Globalisation, enhancing English education to foster comprehensive language proficiency alongside a deep appreciation for cultural identity has become a national priority in Japan. This study examines the integration of glocal perspectives within university English education to investigate its impact on learners’ identities as English users. A Project-Based Learning (PBL) initiative, in which participants created videos to showcase local environmental aspects to a global audience, serves as the basis for this research. Qualitative data from 20 participants were collected through questionnaires, focus group interviews, and individual interviews, with thematic analysis applied subsequently. The project revealed a gap between students’ academic language knowledge and their practical communication skills required in real-world situations, but also led to a transformative journey towards increased confidence and proactive language use. Moreover, the PBL experience enhanced students’ awareness of their roles as English users and stimulated a desire for social engagement, promoting the development of a glocal identity. This identity effectively bridges global outreach with local cultural engagement, highlighting the significance of dynamic, interactive learning activities. Such approaches are particularly valuable for students with limited real-world English usage, enriching the learning process and emphasizing the importance of developing glocal identities in today’s interconnected world.departmental bulletin pape
The Effects of Filled Pauses in English Oral Production on L2 Listeners’ Linguistic Information Processing: Looking at the Segmentation Effect Hypothesis and the Processing Time Hypothesis
Get PDFStudies on L1 listening reported beneficial effects of filled pauses in speech. They provide word segmentation cues that enhance syntactic parsing (segmentation effect hypothesis, Corley & Hartsuiker, 2011) and allow time to process the preceding utterance (processing time hypothesis, e.g., Fraundorf & Watson, 2011). However, whether the benefits they bring to L1 listening apply to L2 listening has not been fully investigated. This study therefore examined the two hypotheses in L2 listening. Forty-eight participants worked on following-directions tasks using maps. I observed the effects of the filled pause uh occurring in three locations: (1) between clauses using Between-Clause Filled-Pause Tasks, (2) between phrases using Between-Phrase Filled-Pause Tasks, and (3) within phrases using Within- Phrase Filled-Pause Tasks. A comparison of reaction times between tasks with and without a filled pause showed that L2 listeners may benefit from the segmentation effect of filled pauses if filled pauses do not disrupt syntactic processing of the perceived utterance, but the processing time effect does not apply to L2 listeners. Theoretical, methodological, and pedagogical implications are provided.departmental bulletin pape
医師と心理職の連携をめぐる今日的課題 : 精神分析的視点から
Get PDFIn 2017, the Certified Psychologist Act came into force in Japan, creating a national qualification called Certified Public Psychologist. This law refers to the obligation to receive instructions from the patient’s attending physician, but the arguments of psychiatrists and clinical psychologists on this point are conflicting. I reviewed the history of psychological professions in Japan and discuss the differences in opinions between psychiatrists and clinical psychologists regarding collaboration between them. Furthermore, I discussed the current issues regarding collaboration between medical doctors and certified public psychologists from the perspectives of legal and clinical collaboration, collaborative alliances and processes, professionality, and psychoanalytic clinical perspectives. As the issues and tasks related to the mental health of the public become more diverse and complex, psychiatrists and certified public psychologists are important clinical partners, and it seems that even after this act is passed, they will be required to continue to work together as part of a multidisciplinary team from a patient-centered or client-centered perspective.departmental bulletin pape
Influence of renal function on the clinical efficacy of carboplatin plus pemetrexed in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Get PDFPemetrexed, a structural antifolate agent that is eliminated via renal excretion, is commonly used to treat non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC). Although poor renal function is associated with a high incidence of toxicities, the association of high renal function with chemotherapy efficacy and toxicity remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of renal function on the efficacy and toxicity of carboplatin-pemetrexed chemotherapy in patients with NS-NSCLC. We performed a post-hoc analysis of a prospective observational study of carboplatin-pemetrexed treatment in NS-NSCLC patients. Baseline renal function was calculated using the Japanese estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) formula, and the patients were then divided into two groups based on the eGFR: high-eGFR (eGFR ≥ 80 mL/min/1.73 m^2, N = 162) and low-eGFR (eGFR < 80 mL/min/1.73 m^2, N = 176) groups. Although the response rates in the high- and low-eGFR groups were similar (22.2% vs 23.9%, P = 0.7205), the disease control rate was significantly lower in the high-eGFR group than in the low-eGFR group (75.9% vs 84.7%, P = 0.043). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in the high-eGFR group were significantly shorter than those in the low-eGFR group (adjusted hazard ratio for PFS and OS, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.04–1.69; P = 0.0245] and 1.49 [95% CI, 1.15–1.93, P = 0.0023], respectively). The incidence of hematological and non-hematological toxicities was lower in the high-eGFR group. In conclusion, a high-eGFR is associated with poor efficacy and mild toxicity of carboplatin-pemetrexed in patients with NSCLC.departmental bulletin pape
Optimal surgical timing for non-urgent surgery patients with active infective endocarditis
Get PDFWhile preoperative antibiotic therapy is generally recommended in non-emergency surgery cases of infective endocarditis, delaying surgery may lead to a deterioration in patient condition. This study examined deterioration of condition during preoperative antibiotic therapy and associated clinical characteristics to clarify the optimal timing for non-emergent infective endocarditis surgery. We retrospectively analyzed 65 patients (mean age 57.1 ± 16.9 years) with active left-sided infective endocarditis (57 with native valves, 8 with prosthetic valves) initially considered suitable for combined antibiotic therapy and non-emergent surgical treatment. Causative organisms were Streptococcus spp. (n=31), Staphylococcus spp. (n=15, including 5 resistant strains), and Gram-negative bacteria (n=4). Twelve patients (18%) required unexpected urgent operations shortly after starting antibiotics (median 5.5 days, interquartile range 3–8 days). Another 12 patients (18%) experienced deterioration of condition 20–30 days after starting antibiotics, including worsening heart failure (n=5), new embolic events (n=3), new perivalvular extension of infection (n=3), and worsening infection parameters (n=1). A leukocyte count >7900/μL one week after starting antibiotics predicted late deterioration (sensitivity 91%, specificity 76%, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.866). Among patients with active infective endocarditis who initially received maximal antibiotic therapy and were considered for non-emergent surgery, 18% required urgent operation and another 18% experienced late deterioration. A high leukocyte count despite one week of antibiotic therapy was associated with late deterioration. For these patients, earlier surgical intervention might be beneficial to avoid a deterioration in conditions.departmental bulletin pape
Hemolytic anemia due to a felt strip used in the early stage of acute aortic dissection surgery
Get PDFHemolytic anemia is a rare complication after aortic surgery. We herein report an early postoperative case of hemolytic anemia caused by an internal felt strip. A 57-year-old man underwent emergency partial aortic arch replacement for acute type A aortic dissection. The proximal stump was reinforced using internal and external polytetrafluoroethylene felt strips. The patient subsequently developed profound mechanical hemolytic anemia two weeks after the operation. Computed tomography did not reveal any narrowing of the anastomosis or kinking of the graft. However, transesophageal echocardiography confirmed that the internal felt strip had become inverted by the blood flow. Reoperation was performed to redo the proximal anastomosis, while also removing the internal felt strip. Hemolysis diminished soon after the reoperation. We encountered a case of acute aortic dissection that required reoperation because of hemolytic anemia caused by internal felt strip inversion. Further measures are required to prevent hemolysis with felt strips.departmental bulletin pape