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キャリア教育としての日本語力養成を目指した「ビジネス日本語」
Get PDF留学生受入れ拡大に伴い，大学教育にはアカデミック日本語教育に加えてビジネス日本語科目が導入された。大学での学習に必要な知識や基礎力を育成する「アカデミック日本語」に対し，「ビジネス日本語」はその定義や内容が明確ではない。G30国際プログラムの「ビジネス日本語」科目でも入社後の仕事や就職活動の場面での待遇表現を学びコミュニケーション力を伸ばす練習を中心に実施してきた。しかし，日本での就職や日系企業とのつながりを求める学生がキャリア選択の幅を広げるための具体的な学習も必要である。そこで，キャリアパスを視野に入れた日本語教育を実践するための『ビジネス日本語 キャリア支援ハンドブック』を作成した。本稿では，就職活動に関わる項目を教室活動として実施する方法を紹介する。教室での協働学習により「気づき」を得て自律的な日本語学習となるサイクルを提唱し，その教育を支える理念に「キャリア教育」の観点があることを述べる。departmental bulletin pape
国際共修を取り入れた短期留学プログラムの開発と実践
Get PDF国際共修を取り入れた短期留学プログラムの開発を目的として，2週間の海外研修中に4日間，共同作業型，課題解決型（対面，オンライン，ハイブリッド）の現地大学生との国際共修を導入した実践事例を報告する。日本人学生の振り返り記述から，課題解決型の共修活動では，ディスカッションでの言語運用，コミュニケーションスキルへの気付きを全学生が得ていることが明らかとなった。また，多角的な視点や意見の多様性により学習コンテンツ理解が促されたと半数の学生が記述した。さらに，オンラインによる国際共修は対面実施よりも困難性が高いと学生が認識していることが分かった。一方で共同作業型の活動では学生間の友好は深まるものの，活発な意見交換は確認できなかった。短期留学における国際共修活動では，限られた時間と特殊な環境という条件が学生の知的交流を含む相互交流を後押しすることが分かり，プログラム開発に役立つ示唆を得ることができた。departmental bulletin pape
EVALUATION OF RETINAL ARTERIOLES IN RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA
No full textPurpose: Retinal arterioles are attenuated in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa, but dimensions such as lumen diameter and wall thickness have not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of the study was to determine the dimensions of reduced retinal arterioles in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa. Methods: The study included 66 patients with retinitis pigmentosa (66 eyes) and 36 control participants (36 eyes) for whom adaptive optics recordings of the retinal arteries were available. Lumen diameter and wall thickness were measured on the adaptive optics images. The correlations between arteriole dimensions and clinical parameters were determined. Results: The mean lumen diameter was significantly smaller in patients with retinitis pigmentosa than in controls, while the mean wall thickness did not differ significantly. Lumen diameter was significantly and positively correlated with the mean deviation of the Humphrey 10-2 field analyzer and ellipsoid zone width. The wall thickness and wall-to-lumen ratio were significantly and positively correlated with age and systolic blood pressure but not with mean deviation and ellipsoid zone width. Conclusion: Retinal arteriole dimensions were significantly correlated with retinal degeneration and systemic factors.journal articl
Unraveling the enigma of mental disorders: a genetics-first approach and the role of mouse models based on rare disease-susceptible genome variants
Get PDFMental disorders are a major global cause of disability that involve significant disturbances in thinking, emotional regulation, or behavior. The pathogenesis of these illnesses is complicated by their obscure nature and lack of biological markers. A genetics-first approach has been proposed to address this complexity. This approach associates clinical phenotypes with disease-susceptible genomic variants, such as copy number variations and single nucleotide variants. These rare variants significantly affect disease development and are thus crucial for assessing the effects of specific variants on disease and in determining the underlying biological mechanisms. In particular, mouse models that reflect these variants are instrumental in defining the causal relationships between genetic variants and disease-relevant phenotypes. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of sensory information processing in humans and mice. Advanced technologies that are valuable in unraveling the neural circuit mechanisms of these phenotypes include optogenetics and in vivo 2-photon imaging. Furthermore, mouse models can guide the integration of findings from patients and induced pluripotent stem cells, supporting a multidimensional approach to understanding the pathophysiology of mental disorders. In this review, we briefly discuss the utility of mouse models in a genetics-first approach to elucidate the pathophysiology of mental disorders. We also present examples of our mouse models based on rare disease-susceptible variants.departmental bulletin pape
Added value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of recurrent cholangiocarcinoma
Get PDFDistinguishing recurrent cholangiocarcinoma lesions from postoperative fibrosis or biliojejunostomy lesions using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) alone is challenging. This study examined the value of adding diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) to CECT for the detection of cholangiocarcinoma recurrence. This single-institution retrospective analysis included 33 patients who underwent cholangiocarcinoma resection between January 2016 and December 2020. Of the patients, 20 were in the recurrence group and 13 were in the non-recurrence group. Two observers independently reviewed the CECT images and subsequently reviewed the combined CECT and DWI images (b-value, 1000 s/mm2), with each image reviewed twice. The diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Kappa statistics were used to evaluate agreement. The diagnostic performance (area under the ROC curve [AUC]) of both observers improved after the addition of DWI; the AUC improved from 0.614 to 0.918 (P = 0.003) in the first session and from 0.820 to 0.928 (P = 0.20) in the second session for Observer A, whereas it improved from 0.566 to 0.858 (P < 0.001) in the first session and from 0.753 to 0.930 (P = 0.02) in the second session for Observer B. The intraobserver and interobserver agreements improved after the addition of DWI; the kappa value improved from 0.586 to 0.656 for Observer A, from 0.371 to 0.838 for Observer B, from 0.308 to 0.766 in the first session, and from 0.464 to 0.620 in the second session. Adding DWI to CECT improves the detection of cholangiocarcinoma recurrence compared to CECT alone.departmental bulletin pape