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The risk factors for development or progression of locomotive syndrome: a systematic review
Get PDFLocomotive syndrome is a decline in mobility and is believed to occur before the occurrence of frailty and sarcopenia; therefore, early detection of risk factors is important. However, systematic reviews have not been conducted. A systematic review of observational studies was performed to identify risk factors for the development or progression of locomotive syndrome. We searched the electronic databases of MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Ichushi Web (in Japanese), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Studies that used the development or progression of locomotive syndrome as an outcome and were written in English or Japanese were included. However, studies with nonadult participants and review articles were excluded. The quality of the eligible studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias instrument. This study included 79 observational studies (8 cohort and 71 cross-sectional studies). A meta-analysis was not performed. All studies were conducted in Japan. The eight cohort studies included 2,343 participants aged 57.0–79.3 years upon study initiation. The risk factors for developing locomotive syndrome were objectively assessed by parameters of motor function and muscle strength, such as short one-leg standing time and weak grip strength. The progression of locomotive syndrome was associated with the preoperative risk stage of locomotive syndrome and postoperative surgical failure syndrome. Locomotive syndrome can be detected through the regular assessment of motor function and muscle strength. To prevent locomotive syndrome in middle-aged and older people, an examination by an expert is necessary.This work was supported by MHLW FA Program Grant Number 22FA1003departmental bulletin pape
都市環境の時間・空間スケール : 北山杉を通じた物質循環と蓄積の探求
Get PDFThis study examines the time-space scales of urban ecology through an analysis of material flow and accumulation, focusing on the case of Kitayama cedar in Japan. This paper challenges conventional approaches to urban ecology that primarily consider urban limits and short-term timeframes, advocating instead for a broader perspective that integrates long-term regional exchanges between cities and their surrounding environments. Cities depend on non-urban areas for resources, energy, and knowledge, shaping landscapes beyond their physical boundaries. The study explores how wood extraction has influenced landscape transformation in Japan, particularly in Kyoto’s northern mountains, where Kitayama cedar cultivation has been integral to architectural traditions such as Sukiya-style construction. The research traces historical shifts from natural forest exploitation to afforestation, monoculture plantations, and globalized timber imports, highlighting how urbanization and industrialization have reshaped ecological and socio-economic systems. The case of Kitayama cedar illustrates how urban and rural landscapes co-evolve. The decline of traditional forestry due to urban expansion and economic globalization threatens both ecological sustainability and cultural heritage. This study underscores the necessity of a systemic perspective in urban ecology--one that recognizes the interconnectedness of material flows, ecological processes, and socio-cultural practices over extended temporal and spatial scales. By integrating historical and ecological perspectives, this research contributes to contemporary debates on sustainable urban systems. It calls for an interdisciplinary approach that balances urban development with the preservation of regional landscapes, ensuring the resilience of both cities and the ecosystems that sustain them.departmental bulletin pape
交響する声の詩学 : 大江健三郎「父よ、あなたはどこへ行くのか?」「われらの狂気を生き延びる道を教えよ」論
Get PDFThis article focuses on Oe Kenzaburo’s “Father where are you going?” and “Teach us to outgrow our madness.” In previous research, the theme of pursuing the roots of one’s subjectivity in the context of the emperor of Japan and father has been extracted from the two stories. In this paper, I focused on how when this identity is formed, others are excluded and the voices of various beings are drowned out. The purpose of this paper is to reexamine the issue of the “I” subjectivity, which is formed through the relationship between the emperor of Japan and his father regarding “madness,” in terms of his relationships with his mother, wife, and other people. The poems “ Father where are you going?” and “Teach us to outgrow our madness,” which express the connection between the emperor of Japan, his father, and “me,” begin to sound different as the voices of disabled people and women who have been oppressed and excluded behind this connection are incorporated. This paper has pointed out that the key to relativizing the connection between the emperor of Japan, his father, and “I” lies in not missing this symphony of voices. This paper concludes that the significance of these two essays, which explore the origins of one’s own subjectivity, lies in the fact that they prompt a reexamination of one’s own subjectivity, give voice to the voices of various beings, and pave the way for coexistence with others.departmental bulletin pape
Measurement of the time-dependent CP asymmetry in B^0→ρ^+ρ^- decays and constraint on the CKM angle ϕ2 at the Belle II experiment
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Quantum Chemical Methodologies for Concerted Proton-Electron Transfer Reaction Analysis
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