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Prevention of central venous catheter occlusion by saline with or without heparin in intensive care unit after surgical intervention: a double-blind, randomized trial
Get PDFHeparinized saline is used to prevent catheter obstruction; however, it is associated with concerns regarding the incidence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and the accuracy of the blood test results. This study compared the impact of saline with and without heparin on central venous catheter occlusion rates in post-surgical intensive care unit patients using a prospective, double-blinded, randomized, controlled design. Patients aged 20–90 years planned to experience central venous catheter insertion and postoperative intensive care unit admission were enrolled and were randomly assigned to either the heparin group (administered normal saline with heparin) or the control group (administered normal saline alone), based on a 1:1 ratio. Nurses blinded to patient allocation performed the occlusion assessment (every 24 h). The Kaplan–Meier curve was used to assess the time to occlusion or removal of each catheter. Central venous catheter insertion results of 136 patients showed no significant variation in occlusion rates between the heparin and control groups within the first 3 days. There was no significant difference between normal saline with and without heparin in preventing central venous occlusion in the intensive care unit up to 3 days post-surgery. The results of this study suggest that it is not necessary to use normal saline with heparin in the management of central venous catheter occlusion, at least when moving from the operating room to the intensive care unit.departmental bulletin pape
Spatial clusters with high mortality rates for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among municipalities in Japan between 2017 and 2021: a flexible spatial scan statistics approach
Get PDFChronic obstructive pulmonary disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and in Japan. This study aimed to detect the location and area of spatial clusters with high chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality rates in Japan during 2017–2021. Age-standardized numbers of expected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease deaths by sex and municipality were estimated from publicly available data from 1,895 municipalities in Japan. We performed flexible spatial scan statistics to detect the clusters with significantly high risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease death using the expected and observed cumulative mortality. During 2017–2021, the cumulative expected number of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease deaths was 87,450 (72,551 males and 14,899 females). There were 23 significant spatial clusters for males and 14 for females. The 23 clusters were scattered in 251 municipalities of 27 prefectures for males, while the 14 clusters for females were localized in 105 municipalities of 12 prefectures. The primary cluster for both sexes was detected in the Osaka Prefecture (males: log-likelihood ratio [LLR] = 188.23, relative risk [RR] = 1.46, p = 0.001; females: LLR = 106.42, RR = 1.95, p = 0.001). We found 23 significant spatial clusters for males and 14 for females. There were obvious sex differences in the distribution of the clusters. Our findings provide supporting evidence to discuss the prioritized areas in the allocation of health care resources to prevent and control the deaths associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.departmental bulletin pape
国際シンポジウム「戦時における身体メディア芸術の力 : 興隆・淘汰の歴史と現状」をめぐって
Get PDF会場・会期: 名古屋大学文系総合館7階 カンファレンスホール、豊田講堂ホール（2025年1月25日-26日）departmental bulletin pape
Loss of Nuclear Protein Dyro Causes Abnormalities in Nurse Cell Nuclei and Abort Oogenesis at Mid-Oogenesis Checkpoint
No full textThe mid-oogenesis checkpoint in Drosophila melanogaster functions to optimize nutrient usage by triggering abortion of oogenesis when females are starved or when developmental defects arise in the egg chamber. In the Dyro mutant, which encodes a nuclear factor, oogenesis is aborted during stages 8–9, corresponding to the mid-oogenesis checkpoint. To investigate the relationship between Dyro and this checkpoint, we analyzed the phenotype of the Dyro mutant. Mosaic analysis showed that loss of Dyro in germline cells results in female sterility. Although inhibition of programmed cell death suppressed germline cell death during oogenesis, it failed to rescue the fertility of Dyro mutants, suggesting that oogenesis arrest in the Dyro mutant is not due to misregulation of the cell death signal. We then examined germline cell defects in the Dyro mutant and observed morphological abnormalities in the nucleoli and chromosomes of nurse cells. The chromosomes in Dyro mutant nurse cells were not fully dispersed, and the nucleoli were confined to small spaces between thickened chromosomes. These findings suggest that Dyro plays an important role in nurse cells and that loss of Dyro leads to defects in the chromosomes and nuclei of nurse cells, which leads to abortion of oogenesis.journal articl
Development of RNA chemical modification locating method and mRNA selection method based on translation efficiency
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Public Debt in Ghana A Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) Perspective in a Closed Economy
Get PDFThis study employs the DSGE model within the RBC framework to investigate the macroeconomic dynamics of public debt shocks in Ghana. The model captures fiscal implications on performance indicators amidst the post-COVID-19 macroeconomic outlook. The model unveils a significant initial contraction in output from the debt shock, which reflects the fiscal pressures on productive investments. Household consumption instantaneously spikes; however, it plummets in anticipation of future tax policy adjustments. While government’s fiscal consolidation response results in expenditure cuts to achieve macroeconomic stability. Investment and capital stock exhibit a trade-off with consumption due to stricter fiscal reactions post-shock. Real interest rate plunges due to reduced borrowing, while labor supply decreases at first due to uncertainties in income and lessor demand as output falls. Government expenditures shrink, demonstrating the efficacy of fiscal policies in managing debt. Meanwhile, sensitivity analyses affirm the robustness of the RBC, depicting that debt persistence and fiscal reaction parameters significantly shape macroeconomic outcomes. Further examination justifies the closed economy, citing theoretical and empirical evidence that fiscal responses demonstrate similar behavior in both closed and open economies under certain conditions. This research contributes to the literature, indicating that fiscal policies could be deployed to stabilize vulnerable economies in crisis.departmental bulletin pape
LT30_proceedings_kikuchi
No full textThis is data related to the manuscript "Cusped Electrical Conductivity in Spin-1 Chiral Fermion Systems Arising from Multifold Band Degeneracy" which is scheduled to be submitted to the Journal of Low Temperature Physics as part of the proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics (LT30).datase