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A Study of the Expression on Plywood in Japanese Style Painting
Get PDF長崎大学教育学部紀要：人文科学 通巻 第86号（Bulletin of Faculty of Education Nagasaki University: Humanities, Vol.86) 佐々野好継教授 退職記念
Development of Antibody–Oligonucleotide Complexes for Targeting Exosomal MicroRNA
Get PDFMicroRNAs in exosomes (exosomal miRNAs) are considered as significant targets for cancer therapy. Anti-miR oligonucleotides are often used for the functional inhibition of miRNAs; however, there are no studies regarding the regulation of exosomal miRNA functions. In this study, we attempted to develop a novel drug delivery system using anti-exosome antibody–anti-miR oligonucleotide complexes (ExomiR-Tracker) to hijack exosomes to carry anti-miR oligonucleotides inside exosome-recipient cells. We found that ExomiR-Tracker bound to the exosomes, and then the complexes were introduced into the recipient cells. We also found that anti-miR oligonucleotides introduced into the recipient cells can exhibit inhibitory effects on exosomal miRNA functions in vitro and in vivo. We believe that our strategy would be a promising one for targeting exosomal miRNAs
Impact of Local High Doses of Radiation by Neutron Activated Mn Dioxide Powder in Rat Lungs: Protracted Pathologic Damage Initiated by Internal Exposure
Get PDFInternal radiation exposure from neutron-induced radioisotopes environmentally activated following atomic bombing or nuclear accidents should be considered for a complete picture of pathologic effects on survivors. Inhaled hot particles expose neighboring tissues to locally ultra-high doses of β-rays and can cause pathologic damage. 55MnO2 powder was activated by a nuclear reactor to make 56MnO2 which emits β-rays. Internal exposures were compared with external-rays. Male Wistar rats were administered activated powder by inhalation. Lung samples were observed by histological staining at six hours, three days, 14 days, two months, six months and eight months after the exposure. Synchrotron radiation-X-ray fluorescence-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (SR-XRF-XANES) was utilized for the chemical analysis of the activated 56Mn embedded in lung tissues. 56Mn beta energy spectrum around the particles was calculated to assess the local dose rate and accumulated dose. Hot particles located in the bronchiole and in damaged alveolar tissue were identified as accumulations of Mn and iron. Histological changes showed evidence of emphysema, hemorrhage and severe inflammation from six hours through eight months. Apoptosis was observed in the bronchiole epithelium. Our study shows early event damage from the locally ultra-high internal dose leads to pathogenesis. The trigger of emphysema and hemorrhage was likely early event damage to blood vessels integral to alveolar walls
Flow field control in marine fish larviculture tanks: lessons from groupers and bluefin tuna in Japan
No full textFlow field in a larviculture tank is often based on the empirical assumptions by fish culturists and science-based information had been very limited. Therefore, we studied and reviewed research on the flow field dynamics in larviculture tanks of groupers and Pacific bluefin tuna, and compared them with results from our own and other studies. For radial symmetry tanks (cylindrical or octagonal), aeration by one aerator at the bottom of the tank forms vertical circulation. We quantified and visualized this flow at different aeration rates in a 1 kL tank and compared survival rates of seven-band grouper Epinephelus septemfasciatus and devil stinger Inimicus japonicus. The highest survival with the lowest surface tension-related death (STRD) was achieved when vertical flow velocity above an aerator was 8 cm/s (200 mL/min) for larvae of E. septemfasciatus, while better survival was observed at >8 cm/s in I. japonicus. Larviculture tank proportions also influence both flow field and performance of fish larvae. When tanks were set with the same water volume (100L) and aeration rate (50 mL/min) but different aspect ratios (AR: water depth/tank radius), survival of larvae for the above two species in a tank with AR >2.0 was found to be significantly higher with lower STRD. Flow field in a vertical cross-section of a tank changed from a single-pair vortex system to two-pair vortex systems as AR changed from 1.0 to 2.0. However, sinking syndrome, which causes high mortality by sinking of larvae to the tank bottom during darkness in some marine fishes (i.e., Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis), cannot be prevented with the above conventional flow field management. Two flow field control methods have been proposed in order to prevent sinking syndrome. One is increasing the aeration rate at darkness for vertical mixing of the rearing water. The other is a ‘water pump system’, where a water pump was put in a small net cage with fine mesh connected to a drain at the center of the tank, and water from the water pump was discharged via a cross-shape pipe on the tank bottom. Both were found to be effective to prevent sinking syndrome. Flow fields in the conical-cylindrical tanks and the rectangular tanks, which are used widely and have many different proportions, have not been well quantified yet. We have expanded our approach investigating the flow patterns in rectangular tanks by three dimensional two-phase aerated flow simulations, and found that velocity fields were different from those of cylindrical tanks
Efficacy of Triple-Drug Therapy to Prevent Pancreatic Fistulas in Patients With High Drain Amylase Levels After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
No full textBackgrounds: Prior studies have suggested that drain amylase level is a predictive marker for developing pancreatic fistulas (PFs) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). However, means of preventing PF after discovering high drain amylase levels have not been previously established. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a combination drug therapy (using three drugs; gabexate mesilate, octreotide, and carbapenem antibiotics, named as triple-drug therapy [TDT]) regimen in preventing PF for patients with high drain amylase levels on postoperative day (POD) 1 after PD. Materials and methods: We divided the 183 patients who underwent PD into two groups in accordance with their enrollment in the study: for those enrolled early in the study (early period), TDT was not administered to
patients with high drain amylase level; however, for those enrolled later in the study (late period), TDT was administered if drain amylase levels were over 10,000 IU/L on POD 1. We retrospectively compared the incidence of PF between the two groups. Results: Incidences of PFs were statistically, significantly prevented in the late group (early 17% versus late 6%; P = 0.01). For patients with low levels of drain amylase (<10,000 IU/L), the PF ratio
was equivalent between two groups (early 8% versus late 5%; P = 0.56); however, PFs in
patients with high drain amylase levels in the late period group were dramatically
prevented by TDT administration (early 89% versus late 11%; P < 0.001). Conclusions: TDT may be a promising therapy to prevent PFs in patients with high drain amylase levels after PD