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Development of a New Primary School English Curriculum and Textbooks in Myanmar
Get PDFapplication/pdfThis article reports on the design and implementation of an innovative primary EFL program in Myanmar. Begun in 2014, the program is part of the CREATE Project, a joint initiative between the Myanmar Ministry of Education and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The project has involved the planning, designing and implementation of a new curriculum for primary school English, along with concurrent materials development and the design of both pre-service and in-service teacher training courses. To give an insight into this multifaceted process, this paper focuses on the development of the Grade 3 textbook and compares it to the former book. After this analysis, it considers teachers’ needs and the challenges they face through analyzing posts and comments made on the “New Curriculum English Subject” Facebook page. Teachers’ primary challenges were learning the new textbook language, incorporating the recommended instruction into their established pedagogical approaches, and time management. The challenges and solutions outlined in this article have both policy and pedagogical implications for curriculum innovation at the primary EFL level, particularly with respect to the issues facing less economically developed countries.journal articl
Experimental Investigation of Material Properties and Self-Healing Ability in a Blended Cement Mortar with Blast Furnace Slag
Get PDFapplication/pdfThis paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the material properties and self-healing ability of a blended cement mortar incorporating blast furnace slag (BFS). The effect of different types and Blaine fineness of BFS on the material properties and self-healing was investigated. Thirteen cement mixtures with BFS of different types and degrees of Blaine fineness are tested to evaluate the mechanical properties, namely compressive strength, bending strength, freeze-thaw, and accelerated carbonation. The pore structure is examined by means of mercury intrusion porosimetry. Seven blended mortar mixtures incorporating BFS for cement are used to evaluate the mechanical properties after applying freeze-thaw cycles until the relative dynamic modulus of elasticity reached 60%. The experimental results reveal that incorporating BFS improves the mechanical properties and self-healing ability. In the investigation of self-healing, smaller particle and high replacement ratios of BFS contribute to increasing the relative dynamic modulus of elasticity and decreasing the carbonation coefficient in the mortar after re-water curing. Moreover, BFS's larger particles and high replacement ratio are found to provide better self-healing ability. A regression equation is created to predict the relative dynamic modulus of elasticity in mortar considering the Blaine fineness, BFS replacement ratio, and curing conditions.journal articl
Memoirs of the Muroran Institute of Technology No. 69
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http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010184
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010183
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010182
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010181
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010180
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010179
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010178
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010177
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010176
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010175
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010174
http://hdl.handle.net/10258/00010173othe
寒中コンクリート工事における地域特性を考慮した合理的な施工計画方法に関する研究
Get PDF室蘭工業大学Muroran Institute of Technology博士（工学）application/pdf寒中コンクリート工事では，コンクリートが凍結する可能性がある施工条件下においても，通常期に施工されるコンクリートと同様に要求品質や工事計画を確保しなければならない。寒中コンクリート工事は，北海道や東北地方に代表される積雪寒冷地に特有なものとして取り扱われるが，関東以南の沿岸部を除く広い地域に適用される。そのため，地域によって著しく異なる気候を十分に踏まえたうえで，寒中コンクリート工事を合理的かつ経済的に実施することの意義は極めて大きい。本研究は，寒中コンクリート工事に関するアンケート調査から明らかにされた課題の解消を図り，地域特性を考慮した合理的な施工計画の実現を目的とするものである。本論文は全7章から構成されており，以下に各章の概要を示す。第1章は本研究の序論であり，研究の背景と目的，関連する既往研究および本論文の構成を示す。第2章では，北海道から近畿地方に所在するレディーミクストコンクリート工場および施工者を対象としたアンケート調査から，寒中コンクリート工事の実態と課題を整理した。その結果，調合計画や強度推定に関する実施方法などに大きな地域差が認められた。また，構造体コンクリートの強度管理方法，加熱養生時の温度差，調合計画方法の適用範囲に関して，課題が存在することが明らかになった。第3章では，建設省告示第110号改正に対応して，せき板の取り外しに関する強度管理方法として，コンクリートの温度履歴に基づいて強度を推定する方法を検討した。強度管理方法の課題に対して，この方法はコンクリート部材の強度発現性を合理的かつ適正に評価できる手法として期待されるものである。第4章では，第2章のアンケート調査などから確認された，加熱養生における計画と実績との温度差異の要因を明らかにするため，加熱養生の熱量計算方法を検証した。その結果，一部の補正係数や基準換気回数に修正を要することが確認された。第5章では，第2章で示された寒中コンクリート工事の実施状況に関する地域差を把握するため，気象庁の平年値を用いて寒中コンクリート工事に係る気候特性を整理した。その結果，材齢91日までの積算温度の年間最小値と日平均気温や材齢28日までの平均温度の年間最小値との関係には相関性が認められ，これらの指標などを用いて寒中コンクリート工事に関する気候特性を3タイプに分類することを提案した。併せて，比較的軽微な施工対応で寒中コンクリート工事が行える地域の調合計画方法を検討した。 第6章では，第3章から第5章における成果を反映させるとともに，調合計画，養生計画および強度推定に関連する計算を適正に実施するためのツールとして提供するため，施工計画支援システムの検討を行った。第7章は総括であり，本研究で得られた成果を要約するものである。In cold weather concreting, the required quality and construction plan must be ensured in the same way as concrete constructed in the normal period, even under construction conditions where concrete may freeze. Cold weather concreting is handled as a peculiar to snowy cold regions represented by Hokkaido, but it is applied to a wide area excluding the coastal area south of Kanto. Therefore, it is extremely significant to carry out cold concrete construction rationally and economically, taking into account the climates that are significantly different in each region. The purpose of this study is to solve the problems clarified from the questionnaire survey on cold concrete work, and to realize a rational construction plan considering regional characteristic. This paper is composed of 7 chapters. The outline of each chapter is shown below. Chapter 1 is an introduction to this study, showing the background and purpose of the study, past studies, and the structure of this paper. In Chapter 2, the actual conditions and issues of cold weather concreting were organized from a questionnaire survey. As a result, there were large regional differences in strength estimation and mix proportioning. In addition, it became clear that there are problems in the strength management method, the temperature difference during heat curing, and the scope of application of mix proportioning. In Chapter 3, we examined a method for estimating strength based on the temperature history of concrete as a strength management method for removing sheathing. This method is expected as a method that can rationally and appropriately evaluate the strength development of concrete members against the problem of strength management. In Chapter 4, in order to clarify the cause of the temperature difference between the plan and actual in the heat curing, which was confirmed from the questionnaire survey in Chapter 2, the calculation method was verified. As a result, it was confirmed that some correction factors and the ventilation frequency needed to be corrected. In Chapter 5, in order to grasp the regional differences regarding the implementation status of cold concrete work shown in Chapter 2, the climatic characteristics related to cold weather concreting were organized. It was proposed to classify the climatic characteristics of cold weather concreting into three types. In addition, the formulation planning method for relatively warm areas was examined. In Chapter 6, the results of Chapters 3 to 5 were reflected, and a support system for appropriately performing calculations related to formulation planning, curing planning, and strength estimation was examined. Chapter 7 is a summary and summarizes the results obtained in this study.doctoral thesi
Evaluation of amyloid β42 aggregation inhibitory activity of commercial dressings by a microliter-scale high-throughput screening system using quantum-dot nanoprobes
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe aggregation and accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) in the brain is a trigger of pathogenesis for Alzheimer’s disease. Previously, we developed a microliter-scale high-throughput screening (MSHTS) system for Aβ42 aggregation inhibitors using quantum-dot nanoprobes. The MSHTS system is seldom influenced by contaminants in samples and is able to directly evaluate Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activity of samples containing various compounds. In this study, to elucidate whether the MSHTS system could be applied to the evaluation of processed foods, we examined Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activity of salad dressings, including soy sauces. We estimated the 50% effective concentration (EC50) from serial diluted dressings. Interestingly, all 19 commercial dressings tested showed Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activity. It was suggested that EC50 differed by as much as 100 times between the dressings with the most (0.065 ± 0.020 v/v%) and least (6.737 ± 5.054 v/v%) inhibitory activity. The highest activity sample is traditional Japanese dressing, soy sauce. It is known that soy sauce is roughly classified into a heat-treated variety and a non-heat-treated variety. We demonstrated that non-heat-treated raw soy sauce exhibited higher Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activity than heat-treated soy sauce. Herein, we propose that MSHTS system can be applied to processed foods.journal articl
Study on Silicon-Based Polarization Converter Using Asymmetric Slot Waveguide
Get PDFapplication/pdfA compact optical polarization converter (PC) based on slot waveguide has been proposed in this study. Utilizing the high refractive index contrast between a Si waveguide and SiO2 cladding on the silicon-on-insulator platform, the light beam can be strongly confined in a slot waveguide structure. The proposed PC consists of a square waveguide and an L-shape cover waveguide. Since the overall structure is symmetrically distributed along the axis rotated 45-degree from the horizontal direction, the optical axis of this PC lies in the direction with equi-angle from two orthogonally polarized modes of the input and output ends, which leads to a high polarization conversion efficiency (PCE). 3D FDTD simulation results illustrate that a TE-to-TM mode conversion is achieved with a device length of 8.2 µm, and the PCE exceeds 99.8%. The structural tolerance and wavelength dependence of the PC have also been discussed in detail.journal articl
Shear strength and cracking behavior of reinforced concrete nonstructural walls
Get PDFapplication/pdfRecent Japanese earthquakes have severely damaged the nonstructural walls of many buildings. While nonstructural walls do not influence the seismic performance of a building, this damage can still sometimes cause buildings to be demolished or render their continued use impossible. Therefore, it is important that seismic designs take the seismic properties of nonstructural walls into consideration. Shear loading tests and FE analysis were conducted to investigate this phenomenon, which showed that shear strength decreased and crack width increased with wider rebar spacing. The FE analysis indicated that the discrete crack model evaluated the test results more adequately than the smeared crack model. In addition, the stress distribution was localized with wider rebar spacing. Therefore, it is thought that the shear strength decreased. Finally, a simple crack width prediction method was proposed. With this method, the rebar strain was calculated using the horizontal deformation of the walls. Using this method, the crack width could be reasonably estimated. It is believed that these findings will be useful for designing nonstructural walls with improved seismic performance.journal articl
Experimental Study on Impact Absorption Capacity of Various Expanded Materials for Rock Shed
Get PDFapplication/pdfIn recent years, there has been a continuous increase in the intensity of natural disasters. Slope disasters such as rock falls occur along coastlines and in mountainous regions. Rock shed structures are implemented as measures to prevent rock fall damage; however, these structures deteriorate over time, and their impact resistance also decreases. As a supplementary measure, a method employing foam material as a cushioning material has been used in practical applications. However, the effect of the compressive strength characteristics on the cushioning performance of foamed materials has not been studied thus far. Therefore, in this study, falling-weight impact-loading tests involving various fall heights were performed to examine the absorption performance of various expanded materials. Moreover, we examined the case where core slabs were layered to effectively exploit the absorption performance of the expanded materials. The results of this study are summarized as follows: (1) the transmitted impact penetration stress-strain curves right under the loading points of various expanded materials exhibit properties similar to those obtained from the results of material testing. However, in the case of expanded materials with high compressive strengths, the compressive stress from the results of material testing tends to be lower. (2) In the case of expanded materials with high compressive strengths, with and without core slabs, the distribution of the transmitted impact stress is large, and the energy absorption capacity is high. (3) In this experiment, the energy absorption capacity was found to double when core slabs are layered, regardless of the type of expanded material used. This suggests that expanded materials with high compressive strengths may contribute towards a higher improvement in energy absorption capacities, by using layered core slabs.journal articl
Sulfur Tolerance Properties of Rhodium Phosphide Evaluated by a New Temperature-programmed Sulfidation Technique
Get PDFapplication/pdfSulfur tolerance properties of rhodium phosphide (Rh2P) were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated by the temperature-programmed sulfidation (TPS) technique. The TPS profile of the Rh/SiO2 catalyst demonstrated a peak attributed to Rh2S3 formation around 400 degrees C. The TPS profiles of P-added Rh (Rh-P) catalysts showed this peak shifted to higher temperatures and lower intensity with higher P/Rh ratio or reduction temperature. Quantitative analysis of TPS profiles revealed that the amount of reacted H2S was remarkably lower (about 80 %) with P/Rh ratio more than 1.5, compared with Rh catalyst. The amount of reacted H2S decreased with greater intensity of the Rh2P peak in the XRD pattern, indicating that Rh2P has high sulfur tolerance. Furthermore, the relationship between P/Rh ratio and S/Rh ratio (calculated from TPS profile) of Rh-P catalysts agreed with the reported S/Rh value, showing the TPS method has high validity for qualitative analysis. We conclude that the TPS technique is a superior method for evaluation of sulfur tolerance for phosphide catalysts, and Rh2P has remarkably high sulfur tolerance compared with Rh catalyst.journal articl