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Thinking about a society of mutual assistance with reference to Imabari City's 'Mujin' Group
Get PDFapplication/pdfThere was a speech by the former Prime Minister Suga on social management within the framework of self-help, mutual assistance, and public assistance. Is it possible to build a society in which people support each other through new mutual assistance? First, Onda (2006) will explain the mutual aid and mutual aid system of the local community. Next, from A Field Study of Imabari City's 'Mujin' Group in Nagai (2019), I will introduce the situation of 'Mujin' Group as a mutual aid that still remains. 'Mujin' Group is a revolving credit union and is part of social capital. Accumulation of social capital brings about a virtuous cycle of becoming a richer region. It was concluded that elements such as common interest, empathy, trust, sense of belonging, and mutual aid are necessary in a mutual aid society, and it will be difficult to use them again in today's society.学術論文departmental bulletin pape
Synthesis of polynorbornadienes by ring-opening metathesis polymerization and their saturated derivatives bearing various ester groups and carboxyl groups
Get PDFVarious symmetric and non-symmetric polynorbornadienes having a variety of ester groups and carboxyl groups were synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with Grubbs' third generation catalyst (G3 or [Ru]-III catalyst) in a controlled living manner from half-esters prepared by the selective monohydrolysis of symmetric diesters that we previously reported. The half-esters thus obtained can be directly submitted to ROMP with the G3 catalyst, leading to mostly the trans structure and narrow polydispersity indexes. The subsequent hydrogenation yielded saturated polymers, improving the thermostabilities according to the T5 d results. Our selective monohydrolysis reactions combined with ROMP initiated by the G3 catalyst have proven to be an efficient tool for the production of a variety of homopolymers with well-controlled structures in a living manner.journal articl
Failure Modes of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened in Flexure with Externally Bonded Aramid Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Sheets under Impact Loading
Get PDFThis paper focuses on the aramid fiber-reinforced polymer (AFRP) sheet bonding method to investigate the influences of the sheet volume and input impact energy on the failure modes of strengthened RC beams. The drop-weight impact loading tests were conducted on RC beams strengthened with AFRP sheets. The sheet volume was investigated, varying from 415 to 1660 g/m2. The impact force was generated by dropping a 300 kg steel weight onto the midspan of the beams from different heights (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 m), and the weight’s drop height was raised until the sheets were debonded or ruptured. As a reference beam, nonstrengthened beams were also evaluated. The following are the findings of this research. (1) In the event of impact loading, the impact resistance capacity of strengthened beams can be enhanced by up to 85% by applying the AFRP sheet bonding method; however, (2) in the case of relatively large impact energy, the impact resistance capacity may not always be remarkable. (3) Depending on the sheet volume, the failure mechanism of the AFRP-strengthened beams was classified into two types: sheet debonding and sheet rupturing. Furthermore, (4) increasing the sheet volume may not improve the debonding of the AFRP sheet of the strengthened beams.journal articl
Tunes and Tones in South-eastern Norwegian Reconsidered from Accentological Viewpoint
Get PDFノルウェー語南東部方言では、語は主強勢を担う音節を必ず一つ有し、その音節には（主として）「低平調」（アクセント1/Acc1）と「下降調」（Acc2）の二種類の音調が現れる。従来の研究では第一音節に主強勢を有する二音節語に考察の対象がほぼ限定されており、アクセント音調の本質を捉えきれていなかった。これを踏まえて拙論（三村2005）では、先行研究に欠けていた多音節語や句、文の音調の精査を通じて、アクセント対立において真に弁別的な特性は主強勢に対する下降調の時間的な位置の差異であると結論づけた。しかし、その後の調査で明らかとなったAcc1 の音調の変異型が拙論の解釈案では説明することができないという新たな問題点が生じた。この問題点を解決すべく、本研究では、語よりも大きな構造体の音調を精査することで音韻論的に有意義ではない音調（広義イントネーション）の分離と理論的な位置付けを行い、その結果、アクセント対立において真に弁別的な特徴は主強勢を担う音節における下降調の有無のみである結論づける（Acc1: 下降無し; Acc2: 下降有り）。Acc1 を語彙レベルで下降調を指定しない「無標」と捉えることで、低平調以外にも現れうる音調の変異型の存在や、同系統の言語や諸方言との間の通時的なアクセント対応の説明が可能となる。journal articl
Disruption and distraction in online and physical classroom environments
Get PDFDisruption and distraction in online and physical classroom environmentsjournal articl
End-to-End Convolutional Neural Network Model to Detect and Localize Myocardial Infarction Using 12-Lead ECG Images without Preprocessing
Get PDFIn recent years, many studies have proposed automatic detection and localization techniques for myocardial infarction (MI) using the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Most of them applied preprocessing to the ECG signals, e.g., noise removal, trend removal, beat segmentation, and feature selection, followed by model construction and classification based on machine-learning algorithms. The selection and implementation of preprocessing methods require specialized knowledge and experience to handle ECG data. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end convolutional neural network model that detects and localizes MI without such complicated multistep preprocessing. The proposed model executes comprehensive learning for the waveform features of unpreprocessed raw ECG images captured from 12-lead ECG signals. We evaluated the classification performance of the proposed model in two experimental settings: ten-fold cross-validation where ECG images were split randomly, and two-fold cross-validation where ECG images were split into one patient and the other patients. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model obtained MI detection accuracies of 99.82% and 93.93% and MI localization accuracies of 99.28% and 69.27% in the first and second settings, respectively. The performance of the proposed method is higher than or comparable to that of existing state-of-the-art methods. Thus, the proposed model is expected to be an effective MI diagnosis tool that can be used in intensive care units and as wearable technology.journal articl
Optimal Design of Optical Waveguide Devices Using Beam Propagation Method
Get PDF光通信システムの基本要素である光回路デバイスの極限までの高性能化を達成する手段として，形状・トポロジーまで含めた自由度の高い設計手法の活用が盛んに検討されている．本論文では，数値計算手法として，近似的手法であるが計算効率の飛躍して高いビーム伝搬法を活用した，特性感度に基づく形状・トポロジー最適設計技術とその適用例を示す．本設計アプローチでは，離散セルごとに割り当てられた正規化密度を媒介（設計）変数として導波路の材料分布を表現し，設計変数に対する特性感度計算を行う．ビーム伝搬法による特性解析，感度計算，及び勾配法による材料分布の更新を繰り返し，所望の特性の最大化を行う．パワー分岐素子や交差導波路のような基本的な回路要素の設計を行い，本設計手法の有効性を確認する．journal articl
Optimal design of broadband non‐radiative dielectric guide devices using binary genetic algorithm and 2D‐FVFEM
Get PDFIn this paper, a class of broadband NRD guide devices based on digital material are presented using optimal design technique. The NRD guides to be discussed here include low crosstalk crossing waveguide, T-branch, 90°-bend, and Z-bend waveguide. To reduce the computational efforts, we employ recently proposed 2D-FVFEM as simulation method. Based on digital material optimization strategy, binary GA is implemented to obtain an optimal device structure in the design region. To achieve the desired properties, we introduce a unique one-two symmetric conditions for the structural optimization. And hence, the designed crossing, T-branch, 90°-bend, and Z-bend, respectively, achieve high transmission efficiencies greater than 99.5%, 49.5%:49.5%, 99.4%, and 99.9% at operating frequency 60 GHz, and, furthermore, achieve broadband property as well in the frequency range of 58 GHz–64 GHz, 58 GHz–62 GHz, 59 GHz–62 GHz, and 59 GHz–63 GHz. The numerical results of 2D-FVFEM are also verified by 3D-FVFEM. Owing to excellent performances, the proposed NRD guide devices can be useful in a lot of millimeter-wave circuit and system applications.journal articl
Equi-affine plane curves with singular points
Get PDFWe deal with not only regular equi-affine plane curves with inflection points but also singular equi-affine plane curves (equi-affine plane curves with singular points). As a singular equi-affine plane curve, we introduce an equi-affine framed curve. We consider an adapted frame for an equi-affine framed curve. Then we define equi-affine parallel curves, evolutes and involutes of equi-affine framed curves. We give a relation between equi-affine evolutes and involutes of equi-affine framed curves. Moreover, singularities of equi-affine parallel curves, evolutes and involutes are investigated.journal articl
Chemical analysis of amyloid β aggregation inhibitors derived from Geranium thunbergii
Get PDFAmyloid β (Aβ) aggregates in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and accumulates
via oligomerization and subsequent fiber elongation processes. These toxicity-induced neuronal
damage and shedding processes advance AD progression. Therefore, Aβ aggregation-inhibiting
substances may contribute to the prevention and treatment of AD. We screened for Aβ42 aggregation
inhibitory activity using various plant extracts and compounds, and found high activity for a
Geranium thunbergii extract (EC50 = 18 μg/mL). Therefore, we screened for Aβ42 aggregation
inhibitors among components of a G. thunbergii extract and investigated their chemical properties in
this study. An active substance was isolated from the ethanol extract of G. thunbergii based on the
Aβ42 aggregation inhibitory activity as an index, and the compound was identified as geraniin (1)
based on spectral data. However, although geraniin showed in vitro aggregation-inhibition activity,
no binding to Aβ42 was observed via saturation transfer difference-nuclear magnetic resonance
(STD-NMR). In contrast, the hydrolysates gallic acid (2) and corilagin (5) showed aggregationinhibiting
activity and binding was observed via STD-NMR. Therefore, the hydrolysates produced
under the conditions of the activity test may contribute to the Aβ42 aggregation-inhibition activity of
G. thunbergii extracts. Geraniin derivatives may help prevent and treat AD.journal articl