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Intersektionalität als Analyseperspektive im Literaturunterricht der Sekundarstufen: Erzähltheoretische Einordnung und praktische Umsetzung
Get PDFDer Beitrag diskutiert auf Basis erzähltheoretischer Grundlagen Grundsätze und Leitlinien für eine intersektional perspektivierte Textanalyse in den Sekundarstufen I und II mit Blick auf die Kompetenzschwerpunkte Figurenanalyse und Perspektivverstehen. Angeknüpft wird an die bisher noch raren Konzeptionen für einen intersektionalen Textanalysefokus im Literaturunterricht der Sekundarstufen, die u.a. in der diversitätsorientierten Deutschdidaktik verortet sind. Im Anschluss wird auf erzähltheoretischer Grundlage dargestellt, welche Schwerpunkte im Zuge der zu erwerbenden Kompetenzen Figurenanalyse und Perspektivverstehen im Unterricht gesetzt werden sollten und welche Herangehensweisen vertieft werden sollten, um erzähltheoretische Elemente und deren Wirkung intersektional und hegemoniekritisch analysieren zu können. Diese werden kritisch mit bisherigen Vorgehensweisen abgeglichen. Am Beispiel der Romane Drei Kameradinnen von Shida Bazyar und Ich komme nicht zurück von Rasha Khayat wird aufgezeigt, inwiefern postmigrantisch perspektivierte literarische Texte sich dafür eignen, intersektionale Verflechtungen zu erschließen und Schüler*innen für Zuschreibungen, Differenzlinien und Intersektionalität zu sensibilisieren. Ergänzend dazu wird in den Blick genommen, welche Vorarbeit notwendig ist, um einen Text intersektional analysieren zu können.Based on narrative theory, this chapter discusses principles and guidelines for intersectional text analysis in secondary school classrooms with a focus on the skills of character analysis and narrative perspective. It builds on the still rare concepts for an intersectional text analysis focus in secondary school literature lessons, which are rooted in diversity pedagogies, among other concepts of critical didactics. Subsequently, on the basis of narrative theory, it is shown which focal points should be set in the course of the competences of character analysis and narrative perspective understanding to be acquired in class and which approaches should be deepened in order to be able to analyze narrative-theoretical elements and their affects in an intersectional and hegemony-critical way. These are critically compared with previous approaches. Using the novels Drei Kameradinnen by Shida Bazyar and Ich komme nicht zurück by Rasha Khayat as examples, I will show the extent to which literary texts with a postmigrant perspective are suitable for exploring intersectional entanglements and sensitizing students to attributions, lines of difference and intersectionality. In addition, the preparatory work required to be able to analyze a text intersectionally will be examined
Lungenfunktionstestung bei präoperativen Risikopatienten
No full textBei dieser Dissertation wurde die Lungenfunktion präoperativer Risikopatienten getestet, wobei ein Risikopatient ein Patient mit entweder weniger als vier metabolischen Äquivaleten oder mindestens 75 Jahre alt war. Die Untersuchung erfolgte als prospektive Beobachtungsstudie in der Anästhesieambulanz des UKSH Kiel und es wurde eine klassische Spirometrie mit forcierter Exspiration sowie die Messung der Diffusionskapazität der Lunge für Kohlenstoffmonoxid durchgeführt. Hierbei wurden neben den spirometrischen Parametern auch weitere Patientencharakteristika wie BMI, ASA-Klasse, Raucherstatus und vorbekannte Lungenerkrankungen erfasst. Insgesamt zeigte die Risikopopulation signifikant schlechtere Lungenfunktionswerte im Vergleich zur Duchschnittsbevölkerung und es konnte eine relevante Anzahl an bisher unbekannten obstruktiven Ventilationsstörungen sowie Beeinträchtgungen der Diffusionskapazität entdeckt werden
Deciphering organ‐specific chemical changes following insect herbivory in Populus nigra using comparative metabolomics
Get PDFThis study explores the chemical diversity of plant metabolites in different organs of black poplar (Populus nigra), a tree species of considerable ecological and economic importance, to broaden our knowledge of organs other than leaves, especially with regard to herbivore-induced changes. Targeted and non-targeted metabolite analyses were used to investigate the defence responses of black poplar organs, including leaves, wood, bark, and roots, to aboveground feeding damage by caterpillars of the generalist herbivore Lymantria dispar. The research revealed that metabolic responses to herbivory are organ-specific, with a large increase in unique features upon insect damage. Herbivory led to more significant changes in central (primary) metabolites than the targeted specialized (secondary) metabolites measured. The study concludes that understanding the complexity of organ-specific metabolism in black poplar can be very useful for investigating plant-herbivore interactions in this tree species
Alien Limb Phenomenon and Ideomotor Apraxia as Early Indicators of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Get PDFCreutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder that encompasses symptoms such as dementia, myoclonus, visual or cerebellar impairment, pyramidal and extrapyramidal motor deficits, akinetic mutism and ataxia. The term “alien limb phenomenon” (ALP) describes involuntary motor activity in one limb while simultaneously experiencing a sense of estrangement from that same limb. ALP is a typical sign of corticobasal syndrome and has also been described in CJD. This clinical vignette presents the rapid clinical progression of a patient with left ALP and ideomotor apraxia as early symptoms of CJD. Three weeks prior to admission, an independent, 83-year-old, right-handed patient with no relevant medical history had a feeling of estrangement of his left hand, accompanied by a progressive loss of voluntary motor function. Within two weeks, he was unable to ride his bicycle and needed help with activities such as buttoning his shirt. Over time, he reported uncontrolled movements of his left hand that caused repeated dropping of objects. An outpatient magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain did not reveal any significant findings, specifically no stroke and focal brain atrophy. On admission on December 20, 2021, the patient presented with dystonic posturing, occasional myoclonus and ataxia mainly affecting the left arm (Video 1, Segment 1). Other neurological signs like paresis, rigidity, tremor or aphasia were not present
CAU-63, an Ultramicroporous Al-MOF with a Honeycomb-Shaped 2D IBU
Get PDFThe hydrothermal synthesis of the new aluminum metal-organic framework (Al-MOF) CAU-63 [Al7(OH)12O3(2,4-HPydc)3] and two new Al coordination polymers (CPs) Al-Pydc-CP1 [Al2(OH)5(2,4-HPydc)] and Al-Pydc-CP2 [Al(OH)(H2O)(2,4-Pydc)] linked by anions of lutidinic acid (pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid, 2,4-H2Pydc) is reported. High-throughput investigations of the Al3+/2,4-H2Pydc/NaOH/H2O system were carried out to determine the fields of formation. An increase of the molar ratio of metal to linker was found to be the key parameter for the formation of higher condensed inorganic building units (IBU), changing from dimeric to one- and two-dimensional structures. The crystal structures were determined by 3D electron diffraction with subsequent Rietveld refinement against powder X-ray diffraction data. The pyridine nitrogen atoms of the linker molecules coordinate to aluminum ions in all three compounds, resulting in crystal structures deviating from the typically observed MIL-53 and CAU-10 type frameworks. The coordination polymers Al-Pydc-CP1 and Al-Pydc-CP2 contain edge-sharing Al-O/N polyhedra leading to dimeric and helical IBUs, while in CAU-63, tetrameric [Al4O14N2] units are bridged by Al3+ ions, leading to a honeycomb Al-O-N network with organic moieties interconnecting the layers. This linkage results in channel-like ultramicropores, which are accessible to H2O and NH3 molecules but too small to adsorb N2 and even CO2
Natural Resources Utilisation and Settlement Pattern in Hilly District of Assam (West Karbi Anglong and Dima Hasao): An Ethnoarchaeological Study
Get PDFThe environment has always played a crucial role in shaping the lives of early humans. Understanding this relationship is vital for defining how human societies interact with their surroundings. Northeast India holds a pivotal role in the study of archaeology, particularly in understanding the archaeology of South and Southeast Asia. Its strategic geographical position has historically facilitated the exchange of cultural elements from South Asia and South East Asia. The region's rich diversity of plants, coupled with favourable climatic conditions, makes it an ideal location for early plant domestication and food production. However, this region's past societies and prehistoric settlements have been largely overlooked. Therefore, this research aims to use an ethnoarchaeological approach to shed light on the social and economic aspects of prehistoric societies in the region. The research is a comprehensive study aimed at understanding the man and environment relation in prehistoric societies, with a focus on resource utilisation by comparing the still evident role of natural resources among the present ethnic groups in the hilly region of Assam, mainly West Karbi Anglong and Dima Hasao (Mikir Hills and North Cachar Hills). The study also tries to explore signatures left behind by the occupations and activities of this rural community that can potentially be identified on archaeological sites and associated settlement activities. Lastly, the work tries to link rural communities to the physicality of the landscape, seasonality, climate, and the village's overall context and evaluate the local environment's constraints on modern plant and animal husbandry. The central hypothesis is that the prehistoric inhabitants of Northeast India, particularly in the North Cachar Hills and West Karbi Anglong region, followed diverse subsistence patterns utilising the surrounding environmental resources
Auswirkungen von präoperativen dissektionsbedingten neurologischen Defiziten auf das Outcome bei Patienten mit einer Typ A Aortendissektion nach Stanford
Get PDFAcute aortic dissection Type A (AADA) is a life-threatening surgical emergency with high mortality rates.It has previously been shown that preoperative dissection-related neurological deficits (DRND) are associated with worse prognosis after surgical treatment. This study aims to examine the influence of cerebral malperfusion on peri- and postoperative parameters to identify its precise impact on outcomes after AADA. Results:In our analysis, 82 patients (17.1%) presented preoperative DRND, such as transient ischemic attack or stroke. Supracoronary ascending aortic replacement was the most frequent surgical strategy in both groups, although significantly more frequent in patients with DRND (92.7 vs. 82.4%, p=0.020), as non-DRND-patients underwent more Bentall procedures (22.4 vs. 8.5%, p=0.004) and aortic valve replacements (21.6 vs. 6.1%, p=0.001).In terms of perioperative management, patients with DRND showed a significantly higher intraoperative need for blood products, requiring more erythrocyte concentrates (4 vs. 2, p<0.001) compared to the control group.During postoperative treatment, patients with DRND required longer mechanical ventilation (109hrs vs. 43hrs, p<0.001) as well as a higher number of tracheotomies (35.4% vs. 20.7%, p=0.004). In addition, they had a higher rate of postoperative new neurological damage (35.4% vs 19.4%, p=0.002) and acute kidney injury, requiring longer periods of dialysis (6 vs. 3 d, p=0.010).This led to longer stays in ICU (7 vs. 5 d, p=0.013) in patients with DRND. Even though there was no significance in the analysed patient cohort, patients with DRND tended to have a higher rate of 30-d mortality (22.0% vs. 17.6%, p=0.349). Long-term survival after 30 days was poorer in the DRND-group (Log Rank p=0.004).Conclusion:Our study confirms that AADA patients with pre-operative DRND require more intense peri- and postoperative treatment, suffer more complications and have worse long-term outcomes
Finite Element Modelling of Mg Anode- Electrolyte Interface in Aqueous Primary Mg-Air Batteries
No full textMagnesium–air (Mg–air) batteries are promising eco-friendly energy systems, yet their practical performance remains far below theoretical expectations due to low operating voltage and rapid anode degradation. This work integrates experimental studies and finite element method (FEM) simulations to investigate the evolution of the Mg-based anode–electrolyte interface (Mg-AEI) during discharge. A two-dimensional model was established to describe the coupled processes of surface film formation, hydrogen evolution, and interfacial degradation, with special consideration of the negative differential effect (NDE). The model was validated by comparison with experiments on high-purity magnesium (HP Mg) and Mg-Ca alloy anodes. The results reveal that discharge current density critically governs surface film growth, porosity, and pH distribution, which together determine voltage behavior. A semi-empirical expression was derived to correlate anode voltage drop with interfacial characteristics and current density. Additionally, the study explored electrolyte modification using salicylic acid (SAL) as an Mg²⁺-complexing additive, demonstrating that SAL stabilizes pH, alters the surface layer, and enhances discharge uniformity and voltage stability. Overall, this thesis provides a combined experimental–computational framework for understanding Mg-AEI dynamics, evaluating Mg-based anode materials, and optimizing electrolytes for improved Mg–air battery performance
Modulation der Funktion humaner regulatorischer T-Zellen durch den Notch-Signalweg
Get PDFRegulatorische T-Zellen (Tregs) sind essenziell für die Aufrechterhaltung der Selbsttoleranz und die Kontrolle überschießender Immunantworten. Ein zentraler Mechanismus ihrer suppressiven Funktion ist die Produktion des anti-inflammatorischen Zytokins IL-10, dessen Regulation in humanen Tregs bislang unzureichend verstanden ist. Da der Notch-Signalweg in Kombination mit den über STAT3 wirkenden Zytokinen IFN-α, IL-6 und IL-21 in Effektorzellen eine IL-10-Produktion induziert, untersuchte diese Arbeit, ob vergleichbare Effekte in Tregs nachweisbar sind. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass konventionelle T-Zellen (Tcons) und Tregs die Notch-Rezeptoren 1 und 2 sowie die Metalloproteasen ADAM10 und ADAM17 exprimieren und durch den Notch-Liganden DLL4 aktiviert werden. Die kombinierte Stimulation mit IFN-α/IL-6/IL-21/DLL4 führte in beiden Zelltypen zu einer verstärkten IL-10-Produktion, die in memory-Zellen stärker ausgeprägt war als in naiven Zellen. Während in Tcons eine Korrelation mit dem Transkriptionsfaktor c-Maf bestand, deuten die Ergebnisse in Tregs auf zusätzliche, bislang unbekannte regulatorische Faktoren hin. Darüber hinaus beeinflusste die Stimulation die Expression coinhibitorischer Rezeptoren (Tim-3, LAG-3, CTLA-4, PD-1, TIGIT), wobei deutliche Unterschiede zwischen Tcons und Tregs sowie zwischen naiven und memory Zellen beobachtet wurden. Die Inhibition von ADAM10/17 reduzierte Notch-abhängige Effekte, wobei ADAM10 eine Schlüsselrolle einnahm. Diese Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung von IFN-α/IL-6/IL-21/DLL4-vermittelten Signalen für die Regulation von IL-10 und coinhibitorischen Rezeptoren in T-Zellen. Sie liefern erste Hinweise auf zelltypspezifische Unterschiede sowie auf eine besondere Rolle von ADAMs in Tregs und bilden damit eine Grundlage für zukünftige therapeutische Ansätze bei gestörter IL-10-Produktion
Wirksamkeit von Spironolacton beim Fibromyalgiesyndrom
Get PDFBei der ESiF Studie (Efficacy of Spironolactone in Fibromyalgia) handelt es sich um eine placebokontrollierte, randomisierte, doppelt-blinde Parallel-Studie in der die Wirksamkeit von Spironolacton bei Patientinnen mit einem Fibromyalgiesyndrom (FMS) untersucht wurde. Die Studie umfasst einen vierwöchigen Behandlungszeitraum und eine zweiwöchige Nachbeobachtungsphase. In der vorliegenden Promotionsarbeit konnte die in der Anwendungsbeobachtung von Wernze und Herdegen beschriebene positive therapeutische Wirkung von Spironolacton bei Patientinnen mit Fibromyalgie nicht bestätigt werden. Die Daten der ESiF-Studie zeigen lediglich in einzelnen Subgruppen positive Trends, bei fehlender statistischer Signifikanz. Die Verbesserungstendenzen lassen sich anhand der Veränderung des FIQ-Scores, NRS-Scores und SF-36-Schmerz-Scores ableiten. Diese Subgruppen lassen sich aufgrund des kleinen Patientenkollektivs nicht sicher identifizieren. Anzunehmen ist aber, dass bei multifaktorieller Pathogenese und den vielseitigen Effekten von Spironolacton, einige Patientinnen von einem Therapieversuch profitieren könnten. Die Verwendung von 200mg Spironolacton am Tag ist hinsichtlich kardiovaskulärer Nebenwirkungen sicher. Passend zur aktuellen Therapieleitlinie des FMS ist ein pharmakologischer Einsatz nicht primär erforderlich