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Życie Uczelni : biuletyn informacyjny Politechniki Łódzkiej nr 171 (2025)
No full textUkazuje się od 1984 r.Opis na podstawie nr 27 (1993)Od nr 34 (paźdź. 1995) podtyt.: biuletyn informacyjny Politechniki ŁódzkiejRedakcja zastrzega sobie prawo do wprowadzania zmian, skracania i adiustacji tekstówProjekt pierwszej strony: Tomasz Wochna, zdj. Marcin Szmid
Conference Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Computer Methods in Mechanics CMM-2025
No full textThis book is published due to financial support of National Science Center in the framework of the research grant OPUS No. 2021/41/B/ST8/02432, “Probabilistic Entropy in Engineering Computations”, sponsored by the National Science Center in Cracow, Poland, in the period of 2022–2025.Reproduced from materials supplied by the Authors.Lodz University of Technology Press does not take responsibility for the content of author’s conference submissions, especially in the scope of attached graphs, pictures and tables.Linguistic editing: Joanna PawliczakTechnical editing and typesetting: Agata NiewiadomskaCover design: Agata NiewiadomskaLodz University of Technology Conference Proceedings; No 258
Dry torrefaction of biomass waste into high-energy biochar and selective formation of levoglucosenone and 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-α-D-glucopyranose
No full textAppendix A. Supplementary data. Multimedia component 1: https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0960148125012091-mmc1.docxFor the first time, the non-catalytic formation of value-added liquid products, such as levoglucosenone (LGO) and 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-α-D-glucopyranose (DGP) from wood cellulose pulp residue (WCPR) has been achieved using dry torrefaction (DT) under solvent-free conditions and in a nitrogen atmosphere. This study systematically examined the influence of reaction conditions on the DT process, evaluating their effects on the surface morphology and elemental composition of the resulting biochar. This process encompassed a temperature range of 210–300 °C and reaction durations spanning from 15 to 60 min. Optimal conditions for liquid product selectivity were identified, achieving 67.7 % selectivity for LGO at 270 °C after 15 min and 32.6 % selectivity for DGP at 240 °C after 30 min. The highest yields were obtained at 300 °C after 60 min, reaching 10.5 % for LGO and 8.5 % for DGP. Various properties of the obtained biochar were thoroughly assessed, including the higher heating value (HHV), decarbonization, dehydrogenation, deoxygenation, enhancement factor, surface area, pore diameter, as well as solid, carbon, hydrogen, and energy yields. The highest carbon content, reaching 65.3 %, was achieved at 300 °C after 60 min of treatment, resulting in an HHV of 25.6 MJ/kg and an enhancement factor of 1.33. Finally, a comprehensive reaction pathway for the conversion of cellulose into LGO and DGP was proposed to elucidate the DT mechanism of WCPR. The results suggest that the autocatalytic nature of WCPR facilitates the selective formation of LGO and DGP through thermally induced dehydration and molecular rearrangement reactions, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of biomass valorization.The authors acknowledge financial support from CARBIOW (Carbon Negative Biofuels from Organic Waste) Research and Innovation Action funded by the European Commission under the Horizon Europe Programme with grant agreement ID: 101084443.The authors are also thankful to Urška Kavčič for N2 physisorption measurements, Dr. Anže Prašnikar (SEM analysis) and Mr. Edi Kranjc (XRD analysis) and BioTrainValue (BIOmass Valorization via Superheated Steam Torrefaction, Pyrolisis, Gasification Amplified by Multidisciplinary Researchers TRAINining for Multiple Energy and Products' Added VALUEs), with project number: 101086411 (Horizon Europe, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Staff Exchange)
Wpływ parametrów mielenia proszków stopu miedzi na ich ziarnistość, zanieczyszczenia i oczyszczanie powierzchni
No full textW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad procesem rozdrabniania proszku
brązu CuAl10Fe5Ni5Cr otrzymanego metodą atomizacji gazowej. Analiza
wykazała istotne zmiany mikrostruktury względem stanu lanego, przy
jednoczesnym zachowaniu stosunkowo wysokiej odporności materiału na
kruszenie. Główna frakcja ziarnowa 0,4 mm, dominująca w proszku po atomizacji,
została poddana mieleniu kulowemu w zakresie czasu τₘ = 15–60
min. Zaobserwowano znaczący spadek udziału tej frakcji (−Δ=25,2%) oraz
równoczesny wzrost udziału cząstek drobniejszych, zwłaszcza frakcji 0,2 mm
(+Δ=5,8%) i 0,1 mm (+Δ=8,5%). Na podstawie zmian udziału poszczególnych
klas ziarnowych opracowano modele matematyczne opisujące dynamikę
rozdrabniania, które potwierdziły etapowy charakter procesu: szybki zanik
frakcji wyjściowej, przejściowy wzrost frakcji pośredniej oraz systematyczne
tworzenie frakcji drobnej.
W trakcie mielenia stwierdzono niewielkie zużycie kul mielących z Al₂O₃,
którego produkt (<0,056 mm) osadzał się na powierzchni proszku brązu. Zanieczyszczenia
te zostały skutecznie usunięte w procesie mycia ultradźwiękowego
w wodnym roztworze NaHCO₃. Wyniki wskazują na konieczność przeprowadzenia
dalszych badań uzupełniających w celu pełnej identyfikacji mikrostruktury
i właściwości fizycznych proszku po atomizacji i mieleniu. Jednocześnie uzyskane
frakcje drobne stwarzają realne możliwości zastosowania badanego stopu
w nowoczesnych technologiach wytwarzania, takich jak kompozyty metalowe,
procesy spiekania czy druk 3D.Słowa kluczowe: proszek brązu aluminiowego,
mielenie kulowe, analiza sitowa, zanieczyszczenia, mycie proszku
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) – the hidden treasure of sugar industry
No full textFructooligosaccharides (FOS) are promising prebiotic nutrients gaining wide acceptance for their health–positive effects upon the intestinal tract, enhanced mineral absorption and metabolism regulation. Even though FOS are traditionally produced from pure sucrose or chicory roots, there is growing interest in the identification of novel sustainable and cost-effective sources. Sugar industry, represents an underused opportunity to become a major supplier of substrates for the production of FOS. Sugar factories can diversify their products while simultaneously embracing the concepts of the circular economy and reinforcing the strategies for population health by valorizing intermediate products and side–streams such as molasses, thick juice, sugar beet pulp and stored beet roots. This review summarizes the structural characteristics and health-beneficial functions of FOS and the latest advances in their enzymatic production assisted by β–fructofuranosidases and fructosyltransferases. It reveals how considered as low value sugar beet–based streams or by–products can be converted into high–value prebiotic materials through biotechnological innovation. Their industrial applications in foods, animal feeds, cosmetics and bioplastics based packaging sectors are provided with regulatory aspects and safety assessments. Looking ahead, integrated biorefinery strategies encompassing the production of FOS and the recovery of pectin and the production of ethanol and other co-products, can create novel economic and environmental possibilities for the sugar industry allowing its recognition as a diversified, health–oriented and sustainable branch beyond the traditional sucrose refining
