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Vertical variability of the night sky brightenss in urbanized areas
No full textNadmierna ilość sztucznego światła emitowana w nocy do dolnej
warstwy atmosfery stała się już codziennością krajobrazu współczesnego
miasta oraz stopniowo staje się także zjawiskiem towarzyszącym obszarom
położonym poza większymi skupiskami ludzkimi. Miejskie wyspy świetlne są
obiektami ukierunkowanych badań prowadzonych od kilkudziesięciu lat przez
naukowców reprezentujących różne specjalności.
W Toruniu od kilku lat prowadzone są systematyczne badania nad zjawiskiem
smogu świetlnego. Powtarzalnemu pomiarowi poddana została jasność
nocnego nieba w kilkudziesięciu punktach kontrolnych, rozmieszczonych na
terenie całego miasta. Kolejnym etapem badań jest pomiar zmienności
jasności nocnego nieba w gradiencie pionowym. W tym celu w dwóch
punktach miasta wykonywano powtarzalne pomiary na zadanych wysokościach
z wykorzystaniem bezzałogowego statku powietrznego, na pokładzie
którego zamontowano automatyczny miernik światła własnej konstrukcji.
Uzyskane w ten sposób wyniki jasności nocnego nieba pozwoliły na określenie
jej zmienności w gradiencie pionowym do wysokości 120 metrów od
powierzchni gruntu, a także na przetestowanie możliwości wykorzystania
bezzałogowych statków powietrznych w ukierunkowanych badaniach zjawiska
zanieczyszczenia świetlnego.The excessive amount of artificial light emitted to the lower
atmosphere at night has already become part of the everyday landscape of the
modern city and is gradually becoming a phenomenon accompanying areas
outside larger human clusters. City of light islands is the subjects of targeted
research conducted for several decades by scientists representing various
specialities. In Toruń, systematic research on the phenomenon of light smog
has been carried out for several years. The brightness of the night sky was
repeatedly measured at several control points located throughout the city. The
next stage of the research is the measurement of the brightness variability of
the night sky in a vertical gradient. For this purpose, at two points of the city,
repeatable measurements were made at set heights with the use of an
unmanned aerial vehicle, onboard which an automatic light meter of its own
design was installed. The results obtained in this way allowed to determine the
variability of the measured sky brightness in a vertical gradient up to a height
of 120 meters from the ground surface. It also allowed testing the possibility
of using unmanned aerial vehicles in research on the phenomenon of light
pollution
Sustainable and multifunctional natural fiber-based electric wire sheaths for smart textiles
No full textEnvisioning the development of sustainable products for improvement of daily life quality, a cable-like
composite using natural fibers was developed to be potentially used in smart textiles. Natural fibers such
as jute and hemp were used along with Bekinox®VN yarn. Bekinox®VN is a stainless steel conductive
yarn often used in intelligent textiles within a wide range of applications such as antistatic, power and
signal transfer, thermal conductivity or even as a heat resistant sewing yarn. Furthermore, applying a
chitosan coating on the surface of the sheath will confer antibacterial properties, thus preventing the
colonization and proliferation of bacteria, as well as natural fiber degradation. The chitosan coating was
applied by a pad dry method. Tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical, electrical and
antimicrobial properties. The results displayed that the best tensile strength was obtained for hemp fabric
followed by cable composite. The antimicrobial properties were improved with the coating of chitosan
and demonstrating excellent results against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Although
chitosan reduces the mechanical strength of the sheath, it confers antibacterial activity, which not only
will preserve the fiber in the structure but will also protect human skin against possible crosscontaminations
The planning for outdoor lighting in the municipality. The legal and administrative aspects
No full textRozdział przedstawia problematykę prawnych uwarunkowań
planowania oświetlenia zewnętrznego w gminie w znaczeniu przestrzennym
oraz inwestycyjnym. Rozważania uwzględniają zasady decentralizacji władzy
publicznej oraz pomocniczości, które predysponują gminę jako jednostkę
odpowiedzialną za planowanie oświetlenia zewnętrznego. W rozdziale przeanalizowano
akty polityki przestrzennej gminy (studium, plan miejscowy, a także
uchwałę krajobrazową) pod kątem możliwości regulacji norm planowania
oświetlenia zewnętrznego oraz projekt założeń i plan zaopatrzenia w ciepło,
energię elektryczną i paliwa gazowe jako akty planowania inwestycyjnego.The chapter presents the problem of legal conditions for outdoor
lighting planning in municipalities in the spatial and investment sense. The
considerations take into account the principles of decentralization of public
authority and subsidiarity, which predispose the municipality as the entity
responsible for the planning of outdoor lighting. The chapter analyzes the
municipality’s spatial policy acts (study, local plan and landscape resolution)
from the perspective of the possibility of regulating the outdoor lighting
planning standards and the draft assumptions and the plan for supplying heat,
electrical energy and gas fuels as acts of investment planning
Seam performance of bi-stretch denim fabrics
No full textToday, denim garments are generally produced from bi-stretch fabrics due to high level of physical
comfort requirements. On the other hand, an important performance that determines the garment quality
is seam strength. In order to produce high quality denim garments, the factors that affect the seam
strength property must be examined. So, in this study the effect of weave type (Twill 3/1 Z and Twill
2/2 Z) and weft sett (21, 25, 29 wefts/cm) on seam strength and seam efficiency of bi-stretch denim
fabrics were studied. Consequently, it is seen that increase in weft sett increases the weft direction seam
strength. Weave type has no considerable effect on seam strength and seam efficiency in weft direction
whereas a considerably higher seam strength and seam efficiency is obtained in warp direction
Estimating biodegradation of cotton fabric by soil burial
No full textToday we can see a greater awareness of sustainability and environmental protection, however, there
are many environmental impacts that are not measured and therefore taking measures to minimize them
is not easy. In this article we intend to evaluate the biodegradability of a cotton fabric through the
generation of one of the greenhouse gases, CO2. For this, the cotton fabric is buried in an artificial
ecosystem and accelerated aging is carried out. The results show that the biodegradability of cotton
fabric is around 70-80% of the biodegradability of cellulose
Scholarship Holders of the Ulam NAWA Programme
No full textMore on the website „Życie Uczelni”– p.lodz.pl/enArtykuł zamieszczony jest w : Życie Uczelni : biuletyn informacyjny Politechniki Łódzkiej, nr 159, Luty 2022Celem ogłoszonego przez NAWA programu im. Stanisława Ulama jest zwiększenie
stopnia umiędzynarodowienia polskich uczelni i instytucji naukowych.
Stypendystami programu mogą być naukowcy posiadający co najmniej stopień
doktora. W ramach Programu Ulam NAWA staże badawcze w Polsce odbędzie
51 badaczy, w tym dwóch w Politechnice Łódzkiej.The aim of the programme
announced by NAWA, named after
Stanisław Ulam, is to increase the
degree of internationalization of
Polish universities and scientific institutions.
The programme is open
to scientists with at least a PhD
degree. Under the Ulam NAWA
programme, 51 researchers will
undertake research internships
in Poland, including two at Lodz
University of Technology
Moisture transport in woven fabrics containing cotton fibers
No full textCotton is currently the most commonly used raw material of natural origin in a production of clothing.
Due to its very good hygroscopic properties, it is also often used in production of underwear, bandages
etc. A liquid moisture transport plays a crucial role in shaping a physiological comfort. As part of this
study 2 pairs of woven fabrics containing cotton fibers with twill 3/1 S weaves were tested in the range
of their ability to moisture transport in the form of liquid. Moisture transport is the fabric's ability to
wick moisture away from the body. The investigation were carried out on the Moisture Management
Tester. The investigations allowed to assess the moisture transport of individual fabrics