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Research on the types of old community public spaces of elderly-young interaction – Take Hebei Province of China as case study
No full textCommunity public spaces carry the residents’ everyday life. The elderly and children, who have more leisure time, are frequent users of public spaces (almost 85%). With the aggravation of China's aging degree and the opening of Third-child policy, the number of these two groups is further increasing, and the phenomenon of young and elderly accompanying each other is increasing. However, the activity area for the elderly and for the young are relatively independent and scattered, mainly for their own needs. At present, there are few studies on the demand and design research of community public spaces shared by the elderly and the young. This study selected two old residential communities (Lian Meng Community and Hebei Normal University ‘Danwei Compound’ Community) in Hebei Province which is the representative area of severe aging in China. Behavior observation, behavior notes and other methods were used to conduct continuous observation and periodic recording of 10 public space samples for no less than 4 hours. Then the behavior data of the elderly and the young in the space were obtained, the sharing activities and interactive relations of these two groups were also sorted out. This paper put forward two public space sharing modes for them, named as ‘the care sharing’ and ‘the participatory sharing’ from three dimensions: function organization, space layout and environment design. After this, based these two modes, this research contained ‘1-to-1’ interactive space and ‘many-to-many’ interactive space types through perspective of spatial scale, spatial directivity, spatial enclosure and seat layout. The research results provided a reference for the future renovation of old residential community public spaces and building a community friendly to both the elderly and the young
A Historico-geographical approach of Fringe-Belt Phenomena in Kadıköy, Istanbul
No full textFringe-belts are significant in determining the spatial growth cycles and relationships of poly-centric cities such as Istanbul, where rapid urbanization accelerated with the land use changes. Kadıköy, located on the Anatolian side of Istanbul, is not only a primary transfer and cultural center and secondary central business area, but also a primary urban transformation area today. While Kadıköy, which formed the outer fringe-belt of Istanbul until the mid-1800s, completed its spatial development on the basis of the building block in the 1990s; it has been going through a renewal process on the building scale for the last 20 years. This study targets the analysis of the formation and modification of fringe-belts in Kadıköy's historical settlement area and its immediate surroundings with direct/indirect actors in a historico-geographical approach. Concordantly, the ‘fringe-belt theory’ constitutes the methodology of the study. The land utilizations of fringe-belts in Kadıköy are analyzed comparatively by overlapping the historical city map, periodic satellite images and zoning plan; and the results are also digitized. The findings, while revealing whether fringe-belts should be recognized in urban policy-making and planning for megacities with historical and natural heritages, question the role of fringe-belts within the scope of ongoing and future urban projects
Exploration of the Renewal Strategy of Historic and Cultural District by the Mean of Sharing – an example of Shanghai Tilanqiao Area
Get PDFDue to the diversification of people's needs, the traditional restoration-based conservation strategies for historic and cultural districts can no longer meet contemporary needs. How to break through the traditional conservation strategy and activate historic and cultural districts in a people-oriented way by the mean of sharing will be the focus of the renewal strategy of historic and cultural districts. This paper takes the Tilanqiao district, one of the 12 historic and cultural districts in central Shanghai, as an example, and conducts a preliminary investigation into the renewal strategy of historic and cultural districts by the mean of sharing. Through field research and analysis based on Conzen urban morphology, this paper proposes that the main problems of the Tilanqiao district currently exist: narrow streets, low quality of businesses, lack of public space and no cultural atmosphere. Through the application of sharing architecture, the renewal strategy of historic and cultural districts is proposed in three aspects: sharing by all, sharing by transfer and group sharing, to contribute to the revitalization of the historic and cultural districts.
This paper is subsidized by NSFC project which is named as , NO.51978468
‘Serial vision’ as a method for exploring street vitality and urban change
No full textIn this paper, I adapt Cullen’s ‘serial vision’ approach to isovists to create a series of methods that explores street vitality and urban change using morphologic and semantic information in urban spaces. I determine a series of vantage points on a particular path on both Nolli maps and corresponding street view images. The images illustrate a personal eyelevel experience of a street or path, such as street view tools. The proposed approach brings together two types of data at every vantage point on a path: built form data – based on some isovist characteristics such as area, compactness, perimeter and occlusivity and semantic data – defining the signs, texts and functions on the images using street view data and AI text recognition. I illustrate street vitality and urban change explorations with several examples of paths in different gentrifying areas of Istanbul that are significant to the related comparison. I explore possible interrelations between morphologic and semantic characteristics of space. The findings of the study show that there are correlations between street vitality and urban change levels and the diversity of visual revelations
Comparative analysis of vertical green façades with movable panels from the perspective of their thermal performance and applicability in sustainable urban areas
No full textThe positive effects of urban green spaces on both the health of city residents and urban ecosystems cannot be denied. Green urban spaces help prevent environmental problems such as air pollution, urban heat island effect and are necessary for citizens to socialize, appreciate nature and foster a healthier society. However, with the urban tissue densification, decrease is observed in the amount of green urban areas. During the revitalization process, in order to create inclusive and sustainable cities, it is important to design alternative green public spaces. We argue that vertical green façade systems can be used as one of the most effective options for active interaction between the residents and nature. The perspective for the vertical green spaces as an important part of the holistic approach to the decarbonization and urban green transition is discussed in the light of the New European Bauhaus.
The purpose of this study is to present a comparative review of vertical green façades with the perspective of their thermal performance. The authors highlight the energy saving potential of vertical green systems for different spatial, structural and bioclimatic solutions. Moreover, as a result of this review, the authors explain the parameters that designers should consider for achieving the best thermal performance of a vertical green system. The paper also analyses the pros and cons of the application of movable green panels
A study on the type pedigree of Chinese traditional settlement centrality spatial schema
No full textAs a universal prototype and basic model of space, centrality schema is embodied in the concept of centrality and the philosophical idea of ‘unity of heaven and man’ that has existed since ancient times, in the context of Chinese traditional culture. This paper focuses on the public space with centripetal characteristics in Chinese traditional settlements. Introducing schema theory as a form cognition method and the concept of ‘space force field’, this paper attempts to explore the different translation results and underlying reasons of centripetal spatial schema under the influence of different material and immaterial environment in the public space of settlement. Then to construct the morphological type genealogy and explore the correlation between the spatial forms of different settlements under the action of different ‘centripetal spatial field’ on this basis. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the translation principle of centrality spatial schema in traditional settlement public space, and further reveal the integration mechanism of Chinese traditional ‘architecture-human-environment’, so as to provide scientific reference for the renewal and regeneration of historical blocks and the protection and revitalization of traditional villages in China
50 lat Inżynierii Materiałowej w Politechnice Łódzkiej
No full textRedakcja merytoryczna: Mariusz SteglińskiOpracowanie redakcyjne i korekta językowa: Dominik ZadwornyRedakcja techniczna i opracowanie graficzne: Agata NiewiadomskaProjekt okładki: Krzysztof Jakubowsk
The specificity of remote work and its impact in the employee
No full textPraca zdalna w ostatnich latach stała się popularną i pożądaną formą na
polskim rynku pracy. Została ona w dużym stopniu wymuszona przez pandemię
COVID-19, jednak jej specyfika spowodowała, że wielu pracowników
i pracodawców chciałoby ją utrzymać chociaż częściowo także po pandemii.
Część pracowników nadal postrzega ją jako pewnego rodzaju przywilej
i ułatwienie w realizowaniu obowiązków rodzinnych. Innym kojarzy się ona
z pandemią i zakazem opuszczania mieszkania bez wyraźnej potrzeby. Ocena
pracy zdalnej jest zatem subiektywna, uzależniona od zawodu i kwalifikacji
wykonującego ją pracownika, jego sytuacji rodzinnej i zdrowotnej, a nawet
miejsca zamieszkania. Opinie pracowników na ten temat stały się przedmiotem
różnorodnych badań, w tym badań własnych autorki. Pokazują one, że istnieje
duże zapotrzebowanie na tę formę pracy, jednak nie w pełnym wymiarze godzin.
Najczęściej respondenci chcieliby pracować z domu 2-3 dni w tygodniu
roboczym. Jest to zjawisko o tak dużej skali, że istnieje potrzeba szybkiego
uregulowania przepisów dotyczących pracy zdalnej. Prawdopodobnie nastąpi
to w najbliższym czasie, gdyż projekt przepisów wprowadzających zmiany
w Kodeksie pracy trafił już do sejmu.Remote work has become a popular and desirable form on the Polish labor
market in recent years. It was largely forced by the COVID-19 pandemic but its
specificity meant that many employees and employers would like to maintain it, at
least partially, also after the pandemic. Some employees still perceive it as a kind
of privilege and help in fulfilling family duties. Others associate it with the pandemic
and a ban on leaving the apartment without a clear need. The assessment of remote
work is therefore subjective, depending on the profession and qualifications of
the employee performing it, his family and health situation and even his place
of residence. The opinions of employees on this matter have become the subject
of various studies, including the author's own research. These studies show that
there is a high demand for this form of work but not in a full-time system. Most
respondents would like to work from home 2-3 days a week. This is a phenomenon
on such scale that there is a need to regulate quickly the rules on remote work. This
will probably happen in the near future, as the draft provisions amending the Labor
Code have already been submitted to the Sejm
Fragment, Field and Frame: Reflection on Heritage, Contemporary City and its Identity. The case of Perth, WA
No full textUnlike industrial buildings which have been subject to adaptive reuse, heritage buildings have been increasingly prevented from playing an active role in the recent transformations of the contemporary city due to an excessive preoccupation with their preservation. Heritage sites in urban areas, according to modernist planning, are often defined as extended portions of territory, precincts with clear boundaries, limiting the continuity of the city in its form and experience. Exceptions to this are the centres of European cities like Rome, Paris and London which for instance all still have their historical nuclei essential for the recognition of their city’s identity. What happens when the strong historic nucleus is missing, and isolated buildings scattered across the urban landscapes are supposedly entrusted with the role of perpetuating a city's heritage and associated identity, as is the case in Perth, Western Australia? This paper argues that to date urban design has not conceived of itself as a frame that recombines heritage fragments in an urban field by re-establishing successful habitus (Bourdieu [in:] Glusac 2015) – a balanced set of socially, economically, and politically conditioned systems of dispositions to let people experience a city's contemporary and former past. We propose to consider heritage as defined through Aldo Rossi’s concepts of urban form being both 'the locus of the collective memory (1982:130) and the most representative tangible artefact of such memory as a way of responding to the pervasive loss of contemporary cities’ identity. A loss that, according to Richard Sennett, is due to recent changes in urban modes of production and living which let the individual, social, and cultural identity of a post-colonial city inhabitant’s psyche diminish, making any connections between heritage and identity in places like Perth difficult. We further argue that from the perspective of contemporary development of global and specifically post-colonial cities, both individual, social, and urban identities are indispensable requisites for culturally sustainable cities. The case study of Perth’s Cultural Centre precinct evolution via the recently completed Boola Bardip Western Australian Museum helps with demonstrating that the preservation and recognition of heritage through a carefully integrated manipulation of existing and new built forms is essential in enabling multicultural social relations through the acknowledgment of indigenous and non-indigenous cultures by means of their urban re-signification