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Reduction of spruce phytotoxicity by superheated steam torrefaction and its use in stimulating the growth of ecological bio‑products: Lemna minor L
No full textThe use of biochar in agriculture is associated with the concepts of "carbon sink" and "carbon negative," which will constitute additional income for farms in the near future and may provide them with a key role in the fight against global warming. The existing model in the Scandinavian countries is one of the first to combine biochar with carbon dioxide biosequestration. Fertilizers with excessive nutrient content, salinity issues, impurities, or irregular pH levels can induce phytotoxicity, damaging plant health and growth. Torrefied woody biomass can work as a bulking agent, carbon carrier, or as an mendment for composting materials containing high amounts of water and/or nitrogen contents. Superheated steam torrefaction as a valorization process increases the amount of pores in which minerals can be stored and the plant will grow faster and bigger by using these pores agglomerated minerals. The torrefaction process was conducted using the DynTHERM TG Rubotherm high-temperature and high-pressure thermogravimetric analysis apparatus under conditions of superheated steam flow. Various residence times (10, 20, and 40 min) and torrefaction temperatures (250, 275, and 300 °C) were explored to assess their efficacy in reducing the phytotoxicity of torrefied spruce. To confirm this assumption, a toxicity test with Lemna minor L. was carried out according to Radić et al. (2011) and extended to the determination of chlorophyll index and chlorophyll fluorescence to assess the physiological status of the plants after treatment with different doses of spruce wood biocarbon. Research indicates that biochar positively impacts soil quality and plants. Thanks to its unique properties, biochar provides nutrients, enhancing fertilization efficiency [1]. Biochar, after concentrating and adsorbing the nutrients from the wastewater, can be used as a soil amendment or fertilizer. Biochar blended with organic residues full of nutrients is more effective in improving soil properties and crop yields than the exclusive application of pure biochar or other fertilizers. Traditional chemical fertilizers have drawbacks, such as rapid nutrient leaching, severe environmental pollution, and high costs. Therefore, biochar is gaining increasing recognition worldwide.The publication was produced as part of the NAWA Mieczysław Bekker program: "BioGainValue—Research on biomass torrefaction process using superheated steam and properties on new bio-based products." Grant No. BPN/BEK/2021/1/00248/U/DRAFT/00001 and BioTrainValue (BIOmass Valorisation via Superheated Steam Torrefaction, Pyrolysis, Gasification Amplified by Multidisciplinary researchers TRAINing for Multiple Energy and Products’ Added VALUEs), with project number: 101086411, funded under Horizon Europe’s Maria Skłodowska-Curie Staff Exchange program. This research was funded partially by the National Science Centre, Grant number 2022/45/N/NZ9/02110
Optymalizacja transportu nośników ładunku w cienkowarstwowych, organicznych tranzystorach z efektem polowym
No full textŹródło BIP: (https://politechnikalodzka.bip.gov.pl/dyscyplina-nauki-fizyczne-dr-hab/277891_dyscyplina-nauki-fizyczne.html
Wet torrefaction of biomass waste into high quality hydrochar and value-added liquid products using different zeolite catalysts
No full textAppendix A. Supplementary data: https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0960148124005743-mmc1.docxWet torrefaction (WT) proves to be a highly efficient pretreatment method for biomass waste, resulting in the production of hydrochar and valuable liquid products. In this study, a groundbreaking chemocatalytic approach is introduced, employing various zeolite catalysts (H-ZSM-5, H-Beta, H–Y, H-USY, and H-Mordenite) in a batch reactor under a nitrogen atmosphere. This method enables the simultaneous one-pot production of levulinic acid (LA) and/or bio-ethanol during the WT process of wood cellulose pulp residue (WCPR), ultimately yielding high-quality solid fuel. The WT process involves at 220 and 260 °C, H2O/WCPR = 10, and torrefaction time at 15, 30 and 60 min. The study identifies that at 220 °C and 15 min, as the optimal temperature and time, for bio-ethanol production, achieving a selectivity of 59.0 % with the H–Y catalyst, while the highest amount of bio-ethanol (75.6 %) was detected in presence of H-USY zeolite at 260 °C after 60 min. In addition, it was found the formation of relatively high amount of LA (62.0 %) at 220 °C after 60 min but using the H-ZSM-5 catalyst. For the WT + Mordenite sample (220 °C, 60 min), the highest carbon content of 71.5 % is achieved, resulting in the higher heating value (HHV) of 27.3 MJ/kg, an enhancement factor of 1.36, and carbon enrichment of 1.48, with the sequence of element removal during WT prioritized as DO > DH > DC and the weight loss of 68 %. Finally, the reaction mechanism was proposed to elucidate the formation of liquid products after WT of WCPR with participation of zeolite catalysts. The main pathway involving the direct conversion of cellulose into hydroxyacetone, followed by the subsequent generation of ethanol through the C–C cleavage of hydroxyacetone while LA formed via well-known route which includes cellulose hydrolysis to form glucose, conversion to 5-HMF and the subsequent transformation of 5-HMF into LA.The authors express their gratitude for the financial support provided by CARBIOW (Carbon Negative Biofuels from Organic Waste) project, which is funded by the European Commission and the European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency (CINEA) under the Horizon Europe Programme, under grant agreement ID: 101084443.
Additionally, they acknowledge the support received from BioTrainValue (BIOmass Valorisation via Superheated Steam Torrefaction, Pyrolysis, Gasification Amplified by Multidisciplinary Researchers TRAINing for Multiple Energy and Products’ Added VALUEs), with project number: 101086411, funded under Horizon Europe’s Maria Skłodowska-Curie Staff Exchange program
Funkcjonalne materiały polimerowe wzbogacane pochodnymi skleroprotein
No full textŹródło BIP: (https://politechnikalodzka.bip.gov.pl/dyscyplina-nauki-chemiczne-dr-hab/277853_dyscyplina-nauki-chemiczne.html
Wstęp do optymalizacji. Zastosowania w logistyce i biznesie
No full textPublikacja elektroniczna.Projekt okładki: Aleksandra Gajderowic
Rola związków fenolowych i melanoidyn w kształtowaniu aktywności biologicznej nasion Theobroma cacao L. i Quercus rubra L. poddanych obróbce termicznej
No full textŹródło BIP: (https://politechnikalodzka.bip.gov.pl/dyscyplina-technologia-zywnosci-i-zywienia-dr-hab/277862_dyscyplina-technologia-zywnosci-i-zywienia.html
Akademicki Informator Osób z Niepełnosprawnościami, nr 001(18)/2024 (wiosna)
No full textRedaktor: Małgorzata ŚwitSekretarz redakcji: Alicja CzyżniakKorekta redakcyjna: Julita KuczkowskaWspółpraca: K. Adamiak, T. Biela-Jesionowska, M. Dębowska, E. Domagała-Zyśk, G. Granosik, A. Granosik, B. Gulati, J. Jabłońska, A. Karczemska, H. Krokowicz, K. Król, M. Laśkiewicz, K. Pańczak, J. ŚwitRedakcja techniczna: ScanSystem.pl Ewa SzelatyńskaSkład i łamanie: ScanSystem.pl Ewa SzelatyńskaProjekt graficzny: Aleksandra IdzikowskaZdjęcie na okładce: Fot. Wiktor BubniakRedakcja zastrzega sobie prawo do skrótów i opracowań nadesłanych tekstówPublikacje nie są stanowiskiem Politechniki Łódzkiej, odzwierciedlają wyłącznie poglądy i opinie autorów tekstó