11613 research outputs found
Sort by
TOMS, RGF Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1962-1967; 0.01 metreCorrespondence pertaining to development of Table Bay Harbou
NATIONAL PARTY SWA Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1923-1970; 423 Files; *16,67 Metres.Papers of the National Party SWA, founded on July 26, 1924 at a meeting held in Mariental
The link between Local Economic Development and the Expanded Public Works Programme for socio-economic development in municipalities
No full textAbstract not availabl
The workplace as a teaching and learning environment for undergraduate medical education in Uganda
No full textEnglish: Introduction: Significant changes are taking place in health care delivery due to new health system expectations, clinical practice requirements and staffing arrangements. Contemporary medical education has also undergone major changes, from being characterised by traditional, teacher-controlled approaches, to newer approaches that involve student-directed learning, problem-based learning, the use of skills laboratories, and evidence-based medicine. These changes have important implications for the way medical students are prepared to provide quality health care once they qualify. It is not clear, however, whether clinical education at the workplace at Mulago National Referral and Taeching Hospital (MNRTH), Kampala, Uganda, has kept pace with or been responsive enough to these changes.
The purpose of this study was to assess the suitability of a workplace, such as MNRTH in Kampala, Uganda, as a teaching and learning environment, by determining whether it fulfilled the requirements of the curriculum for undergraduate medical students of Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS), with the ultimate aim of generating recommendations for improving teaching and learning at the workplace so as to produce graduates who are responsive enough to the contemporary demands of medical practice, research and training.
Research design: The study design was cross-sectional descriptive study with a mixed-methods approach. A mixed methods approach was adopted because of the complex nature of health and educational services research – neither a quantitative nor qualitative approach alone would have been sufficient to address this complexity.
Using an interpretivist lens, the mixed methods approach explored the processes (curriculum), context (workplace), and experiences and perceptions of the stakeholders in their natural settings and variety; these elements are essential for the interpretive analysis of the interaction between the teaching and learning environment and the undergraduate medical curriculum at MakCHS.
The methods used comprised a document review of the undergraduate curriculum to provide context, a self-administered questionnaire (adapted from the DREEM) and focus group discussions with undergraduate medical students, key informant interviews with
administrators and teachers of undergraduates and a Delphi process to generate recommendations for improvement of the workplace as a teaching and learning environment.
Results: The results of the document review indicated that the curriculum had clearly stated learning objectives, and used appropriate verbs in accordance with Bloom’s taxonomy. The expectations of the curriculum were also in accordance with Miller’s pyramid of competence development for the different student levels.
The administrators, teachers and students perceived the workplace as both enabling and challenging and listed a number attributes that could facilitate or hinder the implementation of the undergraduate curriculum. The positive perception was premised on the availability, and variety of and accessibility to patients, thus creating authentic learning opportunities.
The negative perceptions centred on overcrowding by both students and patients at the workplace, shortage of equipment and supplies, inadequate ICT facilities and poor social services. The teachers were perceived to be knowledgeable, though they exhibited certain deficiencies regarding their clinical teaching skills, as they did not offer students adequate opportunities for supported participation or practice with patients. The students, therefore, perceived and recommended that the teachers were in need of further training. On the other hand, the teachers perceived the students as lacking in learner agency – the intentionality and enthusiasm to learn.
Conclusions: Implementation of the undergraduate curriculum could be facilitated at the workplace by enabling factors and positive attributes perceived by the stakeholders, such as availability and variety of patients that were accessible, which create authentic learning opportunities and therefore lead to the production of competent graduates.
The challenges that created the negative perceptions need to be addressed by focussing on the specific areas of concern raised in order for the workplace to be supportive of teaching and learning. The challenges, though real, were considered by some key informants as reality checks that encourage students to be resilient and innovative in the face of shortages that were representative of the clinical practice settings that the students will be faced with when they qualify and, therefore, created medical practitioners that were fit for purpose. In an attempt to address the challenges identified, and create a positive perception of teaching and learning at the workplace, a three-phase Delphi survey was designed, which yielded 30 recommendations which, in the opinion of medical education experts, if adopted and implemented could lead to improvement in teaching and learning at the workplace at MNRTH and ultimately lead to the training of competent health professionals who can meet the demands of contemporary medical practice, research and training
Segmentation and quantitative characterization of breast masses imaged using digital mammography
No full textThesis (Ph.D.(Medical Physics))--University of the Free State, 2018Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women. Screening Mammography is the most effective method currently available for early detection of breast cancer. When breast cancer is detected at an early stage the prognosis is good because the tumour is smaller and more often well-differentiated, and less likely to have spread to regional lymph nodes. Computed radiography and direct digital detector mammography imaging systems provide a wide dynamic range for proper display of different densities of breast tissue areas. Their response over a wide range of X-ray intensities is linear; consequently, small differences between the attenuation coefficients of breast structures over a wide range of densities are clearly displayed. This includes the low signal areas associated with high densities found within tumours. Some masses infiltrate the surrounding breast tissue hence they exhibit ill- defined and intensity inhomogeneous boundaries with rough contour, while other masses exhibit well-defined edges and in most cases they possess smooth, round or oval shapes with macro-lobulations. The morphologic features of a mass such as its shape, margin and density give a clue to its benign or malignant nature. This study investigates and quantifies the changes in shape-based descriptors due to changes in the location of the initial level set contour in region based active contour models in delineating mammographic masses and proposes new methods to eliminate contour leakage and contour traps in active contour segmentation models which are due to intensity inhomogeneity within tumours and boundary regions of tumours. Furthermore, the study proposes a contextual region of interest model to assess the variation of texture features from the core to its periphery of biopsy proven malignant masses as a concept of tumour modelling in mammography and also the variation of texture features between grade 2 and grade 3 masses as a concept of tumour grading in mammography with texture analysis.
___________________________________________________________________Borskanker is die hoofoorsaak van kankersterftes onder vroue. Sifting-mammografie is die mees doeltreffende metode wat tans beskikbaar is vir vroeë opsporing van borskanker. Wanneer borskanker in 'n vroeë stadium opgespoor word, is die prognose goed omdat die gewas kleiner en meer dikwels goed gedifferensieerd is, en minder geneig is om na plaaslike limfknope te versprei. Rekenaarradiografie en direkte digitale detektor mammografie-beeldingstelsels bied 'n wye, dinamiese reeks vir behoorlike vertoon van verskillende digthede van borsweefselareas. Hul reaksie oor 'n wye reeks X-straalintensiteite is lineêr; gevolglik word klein verskille tussen die verswakkingskoëffisiënte van borsstrukture oor 'n wye reeks digthede duidelik vertoon. Dit sluit die lae seinareas in wat verband hou met hoë digthede wat binne gewasse gevind word. Sommige massas infiltreer die omliggende borsweefsel, daarom vertoon hulle swak gedefinieerde en intensiteit inhomogene grense met growwe kontoer, terwyl ander massas goed gedefinieerde rante vertoon en in die meeste gevalle het hulle gladde, ronde of ovaalvorms met makro-lobulasies. Die morfologiese kenmerke van 'n massa soos die vorm, marge en digtheid gee 'n leidraad tot die goedaardige of kwaadaardige aard daarvan. Hierdie studie ondersoek en kwantifiseer die veranderinge in vorm-gebaseerde beskrywers as gevolg van veranderinge in die ligging van die aanvanklike vlak vasgestelde kontoer in streekgebaseerde aktiewe kontoermodelle in die afbakening van mammografiese massas en stel nuwe metodes voor om kontoerlekkasie en kontoervalle in aktiewe kontoersegmenteringsmodelle uit te skakel wat te wyte is aan intensiteit inhomogeniteit binne gewasse en grensstreke van gewasse. Verder stel die studie 'n kontekstuele belangstellingsmodel voor om die variasie van tekstuurkenmerke van die kern tot die periferie van biopsie-bewese kwaadaardige massas te bepaal as 'n konsep van tumormodellering in mammografie en ook die variasie van tekstuurkenmerke tussen graad 2- en graad 3-massas as 'n konsep van tumorgradering in mammografie met tekstuuranalise.
___________________________________________________________________Mofetshe wa matswele ke le leng la mafu a itlhommeng pele a bolayang basadi. Ho hlahloba ka seipone se shebang mofetshe wa matswele ke mokgwa o thusang haholo nakong ena mme o ka bontsha mofetshe wa matswele ka nako. Ha mofetshe wa matswele o bonahetse ka nako, maikutlo a dingaka a ka ba matle hobane hlahala e sa le nyenyane mme hangata e sa ntse e ka lemohwa hantle. Menyetla ya ho ikatisa ha e ya sebakeng sa methapo, e sa ntse e fokola. Seipone se sebetsang ka khomphutha ke sehlahlobisi sa maranrang se hlahlobang mofetshe wa matswele le tsa boinahanelo tse ka thusang ka tse fapaneng tse pharaletseng tse bontshang tse fapaneng mabapi le ho fokotseha ha dihlahala tsa matswele. Ho arabela seipone se shebang ka botebo le bophara ho sebetsa ka kotloloho. Kahoo diphapano tse fokolang tsa ho se bonahale hantle tsa mofetshe wa matswele hodima sebopeho se pharaletseng di bonahala habobebe ka mokgwa o hlakileng. Tsena di kenyeletsa dikarolo tse bontshang hanyenyane le tse bontshang haholo ka hara dihlahala. Tse ding tse ngata tse kenelletseng matsweleng, di bontsha ntho tse sa hlokomeleheng habobebe le matla a meedi e se nang sebopeho se tshwanang se nang le maqhutsu. Ha e le tse ding tse ngata di bontsha dikarolo tse bonahalang tsa ho qetela ka dinako tse ding di hlaha di bataletse, di le sekolokoto kapa di le motopo ho ya ka matshwao a mofetshe wa matswele. Dibopeho tse qalang tsa mofetshe wa matswele jwalo ka sebopeho sa moo a fellang a fana ka setshwantsho sa ho qala ha yona le ho tswa taolong. Boithuto bona bo sibolotse le ho hlophisa ho ya ka ditlhaloso tsa dibopeho tse fetohang tsa se hlaloswang, tse fetolwang ke ho fetoha ha sebaka sa moo e neng e fumaneha qalong mme e bonahala haholo mokgwa wa sebopeho ho hlalohanya ka seipone sa ho hlahloba mofetshe wa matswele le ho hlahisa mekgwa e metjha ya ho fedisa ho dutla le ho itlhahisa ka mokgwa wa dikarolwana tse bakwang ke boima ke ho se tshwane ka hara dihlahala le dibakeng tseo dihlahala di fumanehang ho tsona. Ho feta moo, boithuto bona bo sisinya hore ho sebetswe ho ikamahantswe le lewa la sebaka ho hlahloba dihlahala tse sa tshwaneng ho tloha qalong ho isa ho tse seng di itjadile, diqhalane mme diqalella ho etsa hore sesole sa mmele se jane. Ena e ba taba ya dihlahala tse bontshwang ka seipone sa mofetshe wa matswele le ho fapana ha matshwao a dinama pakeng tsa tlhopho ya bobedi le tlhopho ya boraro ya mofetshe wa matswele. Ena ke taba ya ho hlophisa dihlahala seiponeng sa mofetshe wa matswele e le ho lemoha sebopeho sa dihlahala tseo.
___________________________________________________________________Umdlavuza webele uyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa kwabantu besifazane bebulawa umdlavuza. Ukuhlola kweMammography iyona ndlela etholakalayo esebenza kahle njengamanje yokushesha kubanjwe umdlavuza webele kusenesikhathi. Uma umdlavuza webele utholwa kusenesikhathi ukubhebhetheka akukho ngoba isimila sincane futhi sivame ukuhluka kahle, futhi mancane amathuba okuthi sisabalale kumaseli amancane amise okwabhontshisi. Iradiography yekhompyutha kanye nezinhlelo zedijithali zokuthwebula zemammography zinikeza ububanzi obuguquguqukayo bokuboniswa okufanele kokuminyana okuhlukahlukene kwezindawo zezicubu zamabele. Ukuphendula kwawo kwizinhlobonhlobo eziningi zama-inthensithi eX-ray kuqondile; ngenxa yalokho, umehluko omncane phakathi kwezinombolo okuphindaphindwa ngazo wokunciphisa wezakhiwo zamabele phezu kobubanzi obuhlukahlukene bokuminyana uboniswa ngokucacile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izindawo zesignali ephansi ezihlobene nokuminyana okuphezulu okutholakala ngaphakathi kwezimila. Okunye kungena ezicutshini zebele ezizungezile yingakho kukhombisa ukugula kanye nokuqina okungafani nendawo emagebhugebhu, kuyilapho ezinye izindawo zibonisa imiphetho ephila kahle engenakho ukugula futhi ezimweni eziningi zinezimo ezibushelelezi, eziyindilinga noma eziyisiyingi ezinamamacro-lobulations. Izici zemofoloji zesisindo esifana nokuma kwayo, umkhawulo kanye nokuminyana zinikeza inkomba yemvelo yayo eyingozi. Lolu cwaningo luphenya futhi lulinganise izinguquko ezincazelweni ezisuselwe ekumeni ngenxa yezinguquko endaweni yezinga lokuqala lekhonta esethiwe esifundeni esisekelwe kumamodeli asebenzayo wekhonta ekudwebeni ubuningi bemammographic futhi luphakamisa izindlela ezintsha zokuqeda ukuvuza kwekhonta kanye nezicupho zamakhonta kumamodeli asebenzayo wokuhlukaniswa kwekhonta okubangelwa ukushuba kokungafani ngaphakathi kwezimila kanye nezindawo eziwumngcele wamathumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo luhlongoza isifunda somongo semodeli yentshisekelo yokuhlola ukuhlukahluka kwezici zokuthungwa kusukela engqikithini kuya endaweni yayo yobuningi obuyingozi obufakazelwe ukususwa kwamaseli njengohlelo lokumodela isimila kwimammography kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezici zekhwalithi phakathi kwebanga lesi-2 nebanga lesi-3 njengohlelo lokuhlelwa kwesimila kumammography ngokuhlaziywa kwekhwalithi.
__________________________________________________________________
Communicative mapping as a means for promoting legal land tenure: the case study of the Goedverwacht Moravian Mission Village, in the Western Cape, South Africa
No full textThe newly enacted Western Cape Land Use Planning Act (Act No. 3 of 2014) repeals the Rural Areas Act (Act No. 9 of 1987) and requires that all land within a municipality be incorporated into an existing municipal zoning scheme. The prospect of this has created uncertainty among the residents of the Goedverwacht Moravian Mission Village (Goedverwacht) in the Western Cape regarding the future of its communal church lifestyle. In anticipation of change, students from the Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT) have embarked on a community mapping service-learning project at Goedverwacht to explore the usefulness of communicative mapping as a means for promoting legal land tenure. This article argues that communicative mapping is a valuable way of creating spatial awareness in a communal settlement. The findings show that creating an interim cadastral map using general boundaries at an accuracy fit for purpose is a feasible way of creating spatial awareness and provides a means for promoting legal land tenure.Publisher's versio
KRAMER, Solly Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1929; 3 Files; 0,11 Metre.Private papers of S. Kramer, National Party Candidate for Parktown during the general election of June 192
LE GRANGE, Louis Inventory of documents
No full textCOVERAGE 1969-1986; 590 Files; 8,50 Metres.
AUDIO CASSETTES IN ARCA COLLECTION = 1Private papers of L. le Grange, National Party MP Potchefstroom [1966-1987], Deputy Minister of Information [1975-1978], Interior [1975-1978], Immigration [1978], Public Works [1978], Interior and Immigration [1978], Minister of Tourism [1978-1979], Public Works [1978-1979], Prisons [1979-1980], Police [1979-1982], Law and Order [1982-1986], Speaker [1987]
Role of governance in infection prevention and control policy and strategy implementation in the public health sector in South Africa
No full textReports have shown that the challenges of policy implementation in South Africa (SA) are the
main weakness of the health system. National and provincial guidelines for infection control (IC)
have been adapted for the implementation of IC practices in SA. However, research has
revealed poor infection prevention and control (IPC) in public healthcare in SA.
There is no evidence to what extent the IPC guidelines have been implemented and whether
governance has played a role in the implementation of the National Infection Prevention and
Control Policy and Strategy (NIPCPS; 2007). The aim of the study was therefore to explore how
governance plays a role in the implementation of NIPCPS in SA’s public healthcare sector.
The study employed a qualitative research approach as the focus was on documenting the
shortages of antimicrobial drugs, space and equipment, as well as the maltreatment of patients
with infectious diseases by healthcare workers in SA, and the impact of this on IPC. Data was
collected through the internet and relevant newspaper articles were used for the study. The study
findings were presented using the thematic approach and inductive and deductive approaches
were integrated to form a coherent narrative. Deductive analysis involved the application of a
framework for assessing governance of the health system by Siddiqi et al. (2009).
The findings of case study analysis and framework application revealed shortages of
antimicrobial drugs, space and equipment, as well as the maltreatment of patients by HCWs in
public healthcare in SA several years post the launch of NIPCPS. Shortages of antimicrobial
drugs and the maltreatment of patients by HCWs are due to the lack of accountability by DoH.
HCWs in SA still lack training in IPC, they have poor job descriptions, and their participation in
policymaking and implementation is inadequate. Other healthcare facilities in SA still lack
institutional IPC guidelines.
Shortages of antimicrobial drugs, space and equipment, and the maltreatment of patients by
HCWs have a negative impact on IPC. The state of affairs exposes patients to infectious
diseases, puts them at risk of developing drug resistance and may lead to nosocomial infections
outbreaks. It also exposes HCWs to infectious diseases, hampers their jobs by delaying
important medical procedures and subjects them to medical errors and wrong prescriptions.
Further studies are warranted to explore the topic of research
