Kochi University of Technology Academic Resource Repository

渡邊, 耀丈

Japanese

遠心分離機を利用したスラリーアイス固液分離効率の定量的評価

西山, 和希

通電層選択によるCFRP 電熱防氷の効率化

Khatun, Mst. Asma

－1－ 
 
論 文 内 容 の 要 旨 
 
Climate change along with urbanization has devastating effects on people’s life. For example, an 
increase in surface and ground-water salinity due to climate change is reported to have become a 
great threat to the health of coastal inhabitants in Bangladesh. With ongoing climate change and 
urbanization, there is an urgent need to adopt adaptation and mitigation strategies for reduction 
of the associated risks. However, different strategies are unlikely to be effective without an 
understanding of people’s economic and health behaviors at household level. Thus, it is important 
to analyze household economic and health related actions under climate change and urbanization to 
suggest some feasible ways to minimize the risks and achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) 
within the expected time frame. To this purpose, the thesis applies field experiments and 
questionnaire surveys to empirically examine the effects of salinity resulting from climate change 
on human health, explore cooperation and cognition gaps for reducing salinity problems and identify 
the inequality of food intake among household members at household level between urban and rural 
areas for the betterment of health and sustainable societies. 
 
The first study in this thesis examines the association between water-related diseases and coastal 
salinity along with sociodemographic and anthropometric factors. We conduct questionnaire surveys 
with 527 households: 273 subjects from the non-salinity and 254 subjects from the salinity rural 
coastal areas of Bangladesh. The logistic regression analysis demonstrates that the probability of 
suffering from water-borne, water-washed and water-related diseases are 8 %, 14 % and 11 % higher 
in the salinity areas than in the non-salinity areas, respectively. However, it is also identified 
that people who consume rainwater as a drinking source even in the salinity areas have less chances 
and people who belong to “underweight body mass index” have more chances of being affected by 
water-related diseases. Overall, the results suggest that the long-term reservation of rainwater 
and addressing community-based food security & nutrition programs shall be effective countermeasures 
to reduce the risk of health problems in the coastal population and to sustain their lives even under 
the threat of land salinity.  
 
In the second study, we examine the effect of information provision on people’s cooperation and 
cognition for reducing salinity problems in urban and rural areas. It is hypothesized that information 
provision about salinity through some lecture is effective at reducing cooperation and cognition 
gaps among people. We conduct a field experiment, collecting data on donations, prosociality, 
cognitive and sociodemographic factors of 900 subjects from one urban and two rural areas in 
Bangladesh. A climate donation game is instituted to measure cooperation among people where they 
are asked to donate to salinity risk reduction with or without the information provision. The analysis 
shows that people who have prosocial orientation and perception of human-induced climate change 
donate more than do those who do not, and urban people tend to donate less than do rural people. 
However, urban people are identified to increase their donations by receiving the information 
provision much more than do rural people. These results can be interpreted that urban people become 
more cooperative in response to the lecture than do rural people, and cooperation gaps become smaller 
due to a change in cognition via information provision. Overall, the results demonstrate that 
informational and education programs for salinity and climate change shall be effective and 
prioritized especially in urban areas to enhance cooperation for sustainable development goals 
－2－ 
through affecting people’s cognition. 
 
In the third study, we examine dietary diversity scores of household members with a focus on their 
family roles (fathers, mothers, sons, daughters and grandparents) and age groups (children, adults 
and elderly). Whereas theory suggests that members in a household should have equal dietary diversity 
by receiving a certain share of available foods, this research hypothesizes that they do not do so 
by their roles and/or age groups. We conduct questionnaire surveys, collecting sociodemographic 
information and dietary data using a 24-hour recall method of 3248 subjects in 811 households from 
one urban and two rural areas in Bangladesh. The statistical analysis demonstrates three findings. 
First, poor and rural people have lower dietary diversity than non-poor and urban people, 
respectively. Second, grandparents (children) have lower dietary diversity than do fathers (adults), 
confirming an existence of intrahousehold food intake inequality by the roles and/or age groups, 
irrespective of poverty level and areas of residence. Third, father and mother educations are crucial 
determinants to uniformly raise the standard of dietary diversity for their household, however, they 
do not resolve the inequality. Overall, it is suggested that awareness programs of dietary diversity 
shall be necessary with a target group of fathers and mothers for the betterment of intrahousehold 
inequality and health at household level, contributing to SDGs. 
 
Key Words: Climate change; salinity; economic behavior; health behavior; household; urbanization. 


English

Household economic and health behaviors under climate change and urbanization

横関, 淳祐

野外野外設置カメラ画像を用いた異常状態検知のための推論システムの開発

竹内, 伸幸

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[1] 2040 9 9 , , 2020/6 
[2]  1, , 2019/7/2 
[3] HP 
https://www.mlit.go.jp/sogoseisaku/environment/sosei_environment_fr_000139.html- 
[4]  ,  , 2021/4/1 
[5] NAVYA HP  
https://www.macnica.co.jp/business/maas/products/133978/- 
[6] , , , 2019/12/8 
[7] , , 2018/11 
[8] ZENRIN HP 
https://www.zenrin.co.jp/product/category/technology/adas/index.html- 
[9] , , 2020/7/1 
[10] F , , , , 2010/2/10 
[11] ,  , 2011/8/1 
[12] , , 2011/3/31 
[13] F , , 1984/1/1 
 
BLUEPRINT FOR AUTONOMOUS URBANISM 2nd EDITION, NACTO, 2019/9/10 
HELSINKI CITY PLAN Vsion 2050, , 2013 
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Mayor’s Transport Strategy, MAYOUR OF LONDON, 2018/3 
Making-better-places, WSP, 2016 
Autonomous Vehixles and the Region, RPA, 2017/10 
0 1 
TOYOTA HP 
https://global.toyota/jp/newsroom/corporate/29933339.html- 
YUTONG HP 
   
https://en.yutong.com/technology/autonomous-driving/- 
YAMAHA HP 
https://www.yamaha-motor.co.jp/golfcar/gsm/lineup/- 
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,  
7 ,  
,  
,  
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- , , 
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