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Big promises, small gains: domestic effects of human rights treaty ratification in the member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council
No full textIn recent years, the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states have been increasingly willing to ratify United Nations human rights instruments. This article examines the underlying rationales for these ratifications and the limited range and drivers of subsequent domestic reforms post ratification. Drawing on both a quantitative analysis of engagement with the UN treaty bodies and Charter-based mechanisms in over 120 UN reports and qualitative interviews with over sixty-five government officials, members of civil society, National Human Rights Institutions, lawyers, and judges from all six states, this article argues that in the GCC states, UN human rights treaty ratification results from a desire to increase standing in the international community. Treaty ratification has limited effects driven by international socialization and cautious leadership preferences
Cutaneous anthrax in an unusual location: Case report [Antrace cutaneo con localizzazione insolita: un caso clinico]
No full textCutaneous anthrax is well known, unlike anthrax of the lumbar region, which is not reported elsewhere. We present a case of anthrax of the lumbar region in a 50-year-old man. The infection was characterised by a wide, black eschar and oedema on an erythematous ground. After isolation of the Gram-positive bacilli from the skin lesions, prompt antibiotic treatment (intravenous sulbactam-ampicillin 1.5 g every six hours) was initiated. Following eradication of the bacilli after 14 days of antibiotic treatment, a split-thickness skin graft was applied. A diagnosis of anthrax depends on clinical suspicion. Early diagnosis, antibiotic and surgical treatment can facilitate the treatment and prevent development of complications
Thermal deflections in multilayer microstructures and athermalization
No full textExact and approximate analytical solutions are developed for calculating the thermally induced deformation of three-layer cantilever structures. The solution is derived from the closed-form solutions for multilayer films. Thermal deformation and athermalization conditions are derived using dimensionless parameters for film to substrate thickness ratios for three-layer structures. The analytical solution for a narrow beam is applied to a scan mirror plate suspended with two torsional flexures. The results agreed well with finite element method simulations and experiments. Tests are performed using a bulk-micromachined silicon microelectromechanical system scanner that has a thin gold (Au) coil layer on one side and an aluminum (Al) mirror layer on the other side. Useful figures using film-to-substrate thickness ratios and the material independent normalized parameters are introduced for easy thermal deformation computations and performance trades for three-layer structures
Ionic dimers in He droplets: interaction potentials for Li-2(+)-He,Na-2(+)-He, and K-2(+)-He and stability of the smaller clusters
No full textWe present post Hartree-Fock calculations of the potential energy surfaces (PESs) for the ground electronic states of the three alkali dimer ions Li-2(+), Na-2(+), and K-2(+) interacting with neutral helium. The calculations were carried out for the frozen molecular equilibrium geometries and for an extensive range of the remaining two Jacobi coordinates, R and theta, for which a total of about 1000 points is generated for each surface. The corresponding raw data were then fitted numerically to produce analytic expressions for the three PESs, which were in turn employed to evaluate the bound states of the three trimers for their J=0 configurations: The final spatial features of such bound states are also discussed in detail. The possible behavior of additional systems with more helium atoms surrounding the ionic dopants is gleaned from further calculations on the structural stability of aggregates with up to six He atoms. The validity of a sum-of-potential approximation to yield realistic total energies of the smaller cluster is briefly discussed vis-a-vis the results from many-body calculations
Photonic materials, devices, and applications III: introduction
No full textThis PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Voume 7366, including Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction (if any), and the Conference Committee listing
Hunting scene, orthostat relief from Karkamış
No full textOne of the orthostat reliefs depicting hunting scene with animals and hunter on the Herald's Wall at Karkamış. Other reproduction is GNT.S16.14.phg.02.Black & white photograph
Relief of a woman breastfeeding her child at Karatepe, North Gate, West Wall
No full textOne of the reliefs adorning inner walls of the gate-houses depicting cultural, mythological and daily-life scenes carved on blocks of basalt at Karatepe, the Late Hittite fortress (also known as Aslantaş) in the province of Osmaniye. The site was first discovered by Helmut Bossert and Halet Çambel in 1946. The fortress was founded in the 8th century BC by Azatiwata, ruler of the plain of Adana.Black & white photograph
Relief depicting a banquet scene with musicians (North gate), East wall at Karatepe
No full textRelief depicting banquet scene with musicians and kid. One of the reliefs adorning inner walls of the gate-houses depicting cultural, mythological and daily-life scenes carved on blocks of basalt at Karatepe, the Late Hittite fortress (also known as Aslantaş) in the province of Osmaniye. The site was first discovered by Helmut Bossert and Halet Çambel in 1946. The fortress was founded in the 8th century BC by Azatiwata, ruler of the plain of Adana. the lion statue from Karatepe the Late Hittite fortress (also known as Aslantaş) in the province of Osmaniye. The site was first discovered by Helmut Bossert and Halet Çambel in 1946.Black & white photograph
Sphinx of Southern Gate at Alaca Höyük, 14th c. BC
No full textOne of the two great sphinxes of the southern outer monumental gateway set between two towers. In the doorjambs are two 13 foot hight monoliths which were carved to create 7 foot high sphinxes. Inside this Sphinx Gate was a large Hittite building complex. An important city in pre-Hittite times, Alacahöyük was overshadowed by the nearby capital Hattusa of the Hittites after the Hittite conquest. Alacahöyük located 36 km to the northeast of the Hattusa (Boğazköy), in the Çorum province of Turkey. Although the most important findings are the artifacts from the pre-Hittite royal tombs dating from about 2500 BC, the outstanding monuments today are from the Hittite period.Black & white photograph
Excavation of Boğazköy archaeological site
No full textPeople working at archaeological site of Hattusa, the capital city of the Hittite Empire, today in the Çorum Province, Turkey. It was built as fortress for defense of the city. The Budaközü gorge and the footpaths between these bastions form a weak spot in the defense and to protect the small valley of Budakŏzŭ near Ambarlıkaya from attacks coming from the hills next to Büyükkaya or from the gorge, the Hittites made fortifications and gates in the stream, to close this entrance of the Hattusa.Black & white photograph