Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Art, Culture and Languages
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A Study on Association of XRCC3 Gene Polymorphism in Gastric cancer risk
Get PDFGastric Cancer (GC) is among the common and fatal cancer in the world.
DNA repair plays a critical role in protecting the genome of the cell from insults of cancer-causing agents. Inherited polymorphisms of DNA repair genes may contribute
to
variations in DNA Repair capacity (DRC) and genetic susceptibility to different c
ancers. Mammalian cells are constantly exposed to a wide variety of genotoxic a
gents from both endogenous and exogenous sources. In human beings, 70 genes are involve
d in the five major DNA repair pathways: direct repair, NER, BER, mismatch repa
ir and double-strand break repair. The X-ray repair complementing defective repa
ir in Chinese hamster cells 3 (XRCC3) gene is a member of the RAD51 gene fami
ly. It encodes an important protein that functions in the homologous rec
ombination repair of DNA double-strand break. The Kashmir valley has an eleva
ted incidence of GC and its etiology is not understood fully yet, though, we are ethni
cally and demographically different from the other states of the country and world.
The aim of this study was to determine whether single nucleotide poly
morphism (SNP) of XRCC3 gene (Thr241Met) of exon7, can influence the risk of
gastric cancer in Kashmiri population. About 80 histopathologically confirmed GC case
s and 70 healthy controls, age ,gender, ethnicity matched for known genotypes of XRCC3
exon7 were analyzed. Patients medical history and dietary habits were taken for the study as well.
The ge
notype for this variant was determined using polymerase chain reaction- restriction fra
gment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) in 80 histologically confirmed GC
patients and 70 frequency-matched healthy controls in Department of Biochemistr
y, Government Medical College srinagar. The XRCC3 genotype and allele
frequencies were not significantly different between cases and controls (P= 0.92 for ge
notype; P= 0:72 for allele). The XRCC3 241Met allele frequency (6.6%) was signifi
cantly lower in healthy Kashmiri controls than previously reported healthy US Caucasian controls (38.9%). Compared with the XRCC3241Thr/Thr genoty
pe, the variant XRCC3241Thr/Met and Met/Met genotypes were not associated with
an increased risk of gastric cancer (adjusted odds ratio (ORa), 1.19; 95% confiden
ce interval (CI), 0.44-3.18). These
finding
s suggest that polymorphisms
of XRCC3 Thr241Met may not play a role in the etiology of GC. Further
studies with a larger number of subjects and simultaneous measurement of different pol
ymorphisms in DNA repair genes in the same pathway are needed
Nucleoporin153: Engineering a mammalian expression vector to study its biological role
Get PDFCompartmentalization is the hallmark of eukaryotic cell characterized by the presence of
DNA as genetic material inside the nucleus. Restricting the accessibility of large
cytosolic proteins to the nucleosol with the barrier of nuclear envelope (NE) equipped
with nanopore channel formed by NPCs (Nuclear Pore Complexes) which acts as
gatekeeper between the two boundaries. Eukaryotes have achieved a complexity in
transcriptional regulation not found in prokaryotic cells. Furthermore, the NE also serves
as additional levels of regulation of gene expression e.g selective export of newly
synthesized mRNA into the ribosome as well as the epigenetic control on gene
expression and the establishment of higher levels of organization of the nuclear genome.
Furthermore, NPCs being itself a supra-molecular complex of different nucleoporins gets
formed in orderly orchestrated events during cell cycle. NPCs have been attributed with
different functions ranging from transport of viral proteins to age dependent cell
deterioration. NUP153 is an essential, indispensible and dynamic component of NPCs. It
is a 153 kDa glyco-protein and in association with other nucleoporin proteins forms a
stable 3D supra-molecular assembly within the bilayer nuclear membrane. NUP153 has
been found to occur peripherally towards the nucleoplasmic side of nuclear membrane.
NUP153 has been implicated in so many cellular processes ranging from the transport of
viral proteins to the activation of apoptosis cascade in cells. We successfully cloned our
gene of interest in two mammalian expression vectors viz pcDNA3 and pCMV-HA. We
generated these two constructs to see the role of NUP153 in the transport of protein
phosphate 2A (PP2A) (Normally, a resident of cytosol) and small T (ST) of Polyoma
virus into the nucleus as our prospective study
Revival of the Gothic Tradition: A Study of Angela Carter‟s The Magic Toyshop and Nights at the Circus
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Study of IRF-8 gene in Kashmiri population and its relation with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Get PDFChronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a clonal hematopoietic disorder caused by an
acquired genetic defect in a pluripotent stem cell. A number of theories have been
postulated to describe the etiology of CML such as genetic alterations and alterations in
cytokine production. A combination of inflammatory cytokines have an important role
in cancer development. The aim of this study was to screen for mutations of IRF-8 gene
in CML cases and healthy controls of the Kashmiri population. We included eighty
confirmed CML cases and an equal number of age, district and gender matched controls
in this study. HaeIII enzyme digestion cuts amplified product at 5’-GGCC-3’ sequence
and any mutation in it abrogates restriction digestion by this enzyme. Restriction results
showed wild conditions with no mutation at any of the 6 positions where HaeIII cuts,
which was confirmed by the sequencing results as well. Further sequencing results
showed interesting single G A substitution at position 92 of the amplified product. In
CML cases, the allelic frequency for normal allele (G) was found to be 47.5% (76/160)
and the allelic frequency observed for G A type was found to be 52.5% (84/160). The
allelic frequency observed in controls for normal allele (G) was 91.25% (146/160). The
frequencies analyzed for G A allele was 8.75% (14/160). Since the frequency
observed for G A allele was higher in CML cases (52.5%) than in normal controls
(8.75%) and it was found to be statistically significant (OR= 11.52, 95%CI: (6.13-21.6);
p = 0.001). Sequencing results further showed occasional deletion at the same position
where transition was seen. Also we found that CML is prevalent more in males as
compared to females (ratio is 1:1.12). Majority of the CML case were from district
Srinagar of the Valley. Mean age of the cases and controls were found to be 44.7 years
and 43.6 years respectively. We observed a higher representation of CML cases in the
age group between 30 and 40. Furthermore, the presence of the Philadelphia
chromosome (BCR-ABL fusion gene) was observed in 82.5% of CML cases in our
study. This is the first report of the sequence variation in exon 7 region of IRF-8 gene
and the risk to CML in the Kashmiri population. However, more insight need to be
gained and further substantiated by conducting a similar study on statistically
significant sample size
Adaptation System for Data Retrieval and Information Translation from Semantically Heterogeneous, Autonomous Data Sources
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Comparative study of Eimeriosis in Domestic and Poultry chickens of South Kashmir
Get PDFThe Indian poultry industry revolves mainly around chicken. It has developed rapidly from small-scale backyard breeding to highly specialized, intensive production. Poultry provides an immense supply of food for the world’s population. Poultry meat and eggs are preferred to other kinds of animal food products for a variety of reasons, all over the globe. It is estimated that 25 percent of the world’s meat supply is derived from poultry, i.e. chicken, turkey, duck, geese, domesticated quail, etc. and the proportion is increasing steadily.
Coccidiosis is a health problem resulting in significant economic losses in the world. The impacts of the disease on animal agriculture include, for example, lost revenues, costs of vaccination, prevention, eradication, decontamination and restocking. The literature survey showed that no related work was done on the current topic in the whole valley of Kashmir. So, this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of coccidiosis in domestic/free range and poultry chickens of South Kashmir and to know the potential risk factors for the spread of the disease. This study was conducted for a period of one year, from June 2011 to May 2012. Randomly 349 gut and faecal samples of both domestic/free range and poultry
