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Discovery and Imitation of Export Products and the Role of Existing Exporters in Korean Manufacturing
No full textThis paper empirically examines what role of existing exporters play in the discovery of new export products and whether there are evidence of spillovers from export discovery. We find that existing exporters are more likely to discover new export products than non-exporters. We also find evidence of export discovery spillovers; export discovery of a product by some plants had an effect of increasing the probability of subsequent export market penetration of the same product by other plants. Export discovery spillovers are found to be stronger among
geographically closely located plants. We argue that information spillovers is a part of the story: you learn from your neighboring discoverers about the profitability of potentially exportable products
Fluctuation of Monthly Birth Number, By Chance or By Intention
Get PDFThere are different number of births per month in South Korea. In general, there are more births in January and fewer births in December comparing to the average monthly births of the year. Does it happen by chance or by intention? This study raises three hypotheses for it – 1) random fluctuation, 2) parents’ seasonal preference, and 3) parents’ educational purpose. From the analysis of vital registration data from 1997 to 2018, the most appealing hypothesis was the parents’ educational purpose. The author argues that the opportunity preference was stronger until early 2000 and the path dependency preference after the mid-2000s. Reflecting the rule change of elementary entrance age, the both theories support why January births are preferred by parents. The number of births from other than hospital also imply that there were intentional fabrications of birth registration. But these intentional changes become weaker recently. Especially after the abolition of guarantee of the neighborhood system at the end of 2016, the monthly birth number become stable and looks changing by chance
Implementing a Real Name Financial Transaction System to Increase Transparency and Reduce Corruption
No full textevidence from developing and transition economies
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2019In 2010, the world has registered significant strides to reduce global poverty by half but despite this progress the amount of people living in abject poverty globally remain inadmissibly high at 735 million. At this pace, unless more efforts are directed to this campaign, the target of ending poverty by the 2030 would remain elusive. One of those efforts is financial inclusion. Using five proxies of financial inclusion and the poverty headcount, as a proxy for poverty, this paper attempt to examine the effects of access to finance on poverty. This paper employs the panel data methods and the results suggest that access to banking services can contribute to poverty alleviation.1 Introduction
2 Literature review
3 Econometrics Methodologies, Data, and summary statistics
4 Results
5 Conclusion
6 BibliographymasterpublishedYankuba K. TOURAY
Returns to Women’s Education Using Optimal IV Selection
No full textThis paper investigates returns to women’s education by applying an optimal IV selection approach, post-Lasso IV estimation, which improves the first-stage predictive relationship between an endogenous regressor and instruments. Using the 2010 American Community Survey, we find that an extra year of education increases married women’s own income by 8,822. Our findings indicate that 53% of the increase in women’s consumption by education is attributed to the marriage market, and thus, we conclude that the marriage market is the primary channel through which education improves women’s well-being. The results demonstrate the advantages of the post-Lasso approach: The resulting two-stage least squares estimator maintains efficiency without increasing finite sample bias and is less subject to the inconsistency problem when some instruments are invalid; This differs from the results using the instrument of birth quarters only, which is mostly applied in studies on returns to education.1
analysis on gravity model about border effects on Korean exports
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2019In recent years, advanced countries, especially the US, have sought to reverse the cause of income inequality problems and unstable economic condition to the trade with emerging countries, which enjoy trade surpluses. Since 1990s, trade liberalization has come into being, and international organizations such as the WTO have been launched. Meanwhile, from 2000s, trade agreements have been concluded in many countries.
In this context, developed countries have tried to make trade barriers through various kinds of non-tariff measures. In this process, Korean steel products have also been subject to trade remedies by the US, and based on the fact that Korean export market and products are concentrated, not diversified, it is expected that non-tariff measures by the US or China will have a negative impact on Korean exports.
Therefore, in this paper, regression analysis was conducted to figure out that the implementation of such non-tariff measures could have a negative impact on exports despite the fact that tariff barriers were relaxed due to the current RTA conclusion. Prior to the empirical analysis, literature review about the implications of the border effects, more specifically, non-tariff and tariff barriers were explored and prior studies on regional trade agreements were also examined. Sample data utilized 15 developed and 15 emerging countries among the major trading partners with Korea from 2002 to 2015. In addition, in order to derive more precise empirical analysis results, export data is limited to processed foods and steel products. This empirical analysis has led to the conclusion that non-tariff measures still cause exports to decline despite trade liberalization.1. INTRODUCTION
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
3. EMPIRICAL STUDY
4. CONCLUSION
5. REFERENCEmasterpublishedJihee Grace MIN
prospective implications on its global competitiveness
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Development Policy,2019The potential establishment on an African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), in the near future, is attracting significant attention at the regional as well as global level given the contributions it stands to make. Hence, this study has three major purposes: 1) to investigate the African Union’s organizational structure to determine its capabilities to accommodate this initiative; 2) to investigate alternative channels for sustainable economic growth alongside global competitiveness and lastly 3) demonstrate the relationship between trade and peace as a mechanism to guarantee peace within the continent. Data for this research were obtained through secondary literature provided by scholars, international organizations and local government’s database. In light of this research’s results, it can be concluded that significant work still needs to be attained at a national and regional level in order to successfully integrate member states into one continental free trade agreement.I. Abstract
II. Introduction & Research Questions
IV. Methodology
V. Findings
VI. Free trade promotes Peace Hypothesis
VII. Recommendations
VIII. Conclusion & Future Research
IX. ReferencemasterpublishedStella Marinela Joao CONSELHO
panel data analysis
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2019This paper aims to explain the paradoxical phenomena of high unemployment and early turnover of young Korean workers by examining job mismatch in youth labor market. Using the Korea Youth Panel Survey (KYPS) from 2011 to 2015, this paper conducts panel data analysis and studies the effect of job mismatch among Korean youth graduates, assuming that job match affects worker’s labor market outcomes and utilities. The results suggest that education and skill mismatch have significantly adverse effects on monthly wages, working hours, and job satisfaction: incidence of either types of mismatch is associated with wage penalties, longer working hours, and dissatisfaction. These results are line with findings from the previous literature that job mismatch is negatively associated with worker’s labor market outcomes. In addition, in most estimations, the results of education and skill mismatch tend to be coincided in terms of direction and magnitude.OutstandingmasterpublishedSuyeon KANG